2023届新教材老高考英语人教版一轮习题：必修第一册 UNIT 4　NATURAL DISASTERS

1、课时作业.高效提能用三【基础达标练】基础默写I .单词背诵阅读词汇词义默写disaster n.灾难；灾害drought n.旱灾；久旱slide沅（使）滑行；滑动shelters.避难处；居所；庇护我.保护；掩蔽沅.躲避（风雨或危险）context n. 上下文； 语境； 背景volcano n. 火山erupt vi.&火山）爆发；（岩浆、烟等）喷出typhoon n. 台风hurricane n.（尤指西大西洋的）飓风tap况.& .轻叩；轻敲；轻拍n. 水龙头；轻叩；轻敲whistle况.吹口哨；发出笛声“吹口哨n.哨子（声）；呼啸声emergency n. 突发事件； 紧急情况写作词

2、汇词形默写rescue n. &”营救；救援damage ”损害;破坏n.损坏；损失destroya.摧毁:毁灭affect ”.影响;（疾病）侵袭；深深打动electricity n.电；电能bury .埋葬;安葬effortn.努力；艰难的尝试；尽力wisdom n.智慧；才智supply n.供应（量）；补给；p/.补给品”.供应；供给巫“切.镇静的；沉着的”.使平静；使镇静sweep .& 式.打扫； 清扫.解析：考查词性转换。空格中所填单词在句中作benefits的宾语，需用develop 的名词形式。答案：development.解析：考查代词。空格中所填单词在句中作定语，修饰名词

3、origin,需用其 形容词性物主代词形式。答案：its.解析：考查介词。该句意思是“直到20世纪80年代末，它才被广泛接受为 一种旅游理念”。句中使用了 “noJuntiL.“句型，意思是“直到才”。 答案：until.角星析：考查冠词。of environmentally-related and adventure travel 作定语，修饰 growing popularity,特指“与环境有关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎”，故填定冠词 the。答案：the.解析：考查介词。various types of是固定搭配，意思是“各种类型的”。 答案:Of.解析：考查非谓语动词。动名词短语visi

4、ting the place在句中作介词of的宾 语。答案：visiting.解析：考查词性转换。空格中所填单词在句中作定语，修饰名词aid,需用 finance的形容词形式。答案：financial.解析：考查名词的单复数。空格中所填单词在句中作主语，由句中from whale watching to hiking可知，这里指各种各样的活动，需用activity的复数形式。答案：Activities.解析：考查非谓语动词。aim后常接不定式作宾语，aimtodosth.意思是“旨 在做某事”。答案：to havestrike况.& .侵袭;突击；击打n.罢工；罢课；袭击deliver 山递送

5、;传达 ”.发表summary n.总结；概括；概要effect n.影响；结果；效果拓展词汇词形变化survive况.生存;存活“幸存；艰难度过f survival幸存f survivor n.幸存者选况.死；死亡f death.死；死亡shock n.震惊；令人震惊的事；休克”（使）震惊-shocking 力.令人震惊的 f shocked 切震惊的breathe vi.& .呼吸f breath n.呼吸suffer”.遭受;蒙受血.（因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等）受苦-suffering折磨；苦难power儿电力供应;能量；力量；控制力-powerful 力.强大的;有力的 f powerle

6、ss adj.无力的；没有能力的long 力长的f lengthn.长度；长II .核心短语默写as if似乎；好像；仿佛in ruins严重受损；破败不堪in shock震惊；吃惊come to an end 结束； 终结dig out掘出；发现the number of 的数目blow away 把刮走cut across 横穿as usual和往常一样gut up on ones feet 站起来become a home to 成为的家园in the open aie 露天； 在户外carry out执行；实施;贯彻；完成on hand现有(尤指帮助)sweep away消灭；彻底消除

7、hold on to抓住；坚持此教材原句补全It seemed as if the world were coming to an end!仿佛世界末日即将来临！The number of people who were killed or badly injured in the quake was more than 400, 000.在此次地震中丧生或身受重伤的人数超过了 40万。Fishermen, tourists? hotels, homes, and cars were swept away by huge waves caused by the strong earthquak

8、e that reached a magnitude of 9.0.渔民、游客、酒店、住房和汽车都被高达9.0级的强震所引发的巨浪卷走。I was having breakfast with my three children when water started filling my home. 我和我的3个孩子正在吃早餐，这时家里开始灌水。However, dangerous conditions and damaged roads will make it difficult to deliver food and supplies.然而，由于条件险恶和道路受损，食物运送和物资补给将非常

9、困难。语言运用I .单句语法填空The motorcycle ran so fast that it crashed into the fence.Milk is delivered(deliver)to our door every morning.We had to stop for breath(breathe)before we got to the top.This disaster could cause serious damage to the country*s economy. With the aid of our English teacher, we have mad

10、e great progress this term. If youre addicted to computer games， youll ruin yourself(you).Ever since he moved there, he has buried(bury)himself in his research work.Studies show that people are more likely to suffer from back problems if they sit before computer screens for long hours.The accident c

11、aused 3 deaths(die), which happened previous to his arrival there.If cancers are spotted early, theres a high chance of survival(survive).II .一句多译/句式升级.他埋头学习，不知道其他人都早已离开了。(bury)Buried in his study, he didnt know that all the others had left.(分词短语作状语) Burying himself in his study, he didnt know that

12、all the others had left.(分词短语 作状语)Because he was buried in his study, he didnt know that all the others had left.(原因 状语从句).我们将竭尽全力帮助你，但你必须做好迎接各种困难的准备。 Well try/do our best to help you, but you must get prepared to meet all kinds of difficulties.(best)Wei make every effort to help you/spare no effort

13、 to help you， but you must get prepared to meet all kinds of difficulties.(effort).我年龄太小了，不理解这部电影的含义。I was too young to understand the meaning of the film.(too.to.)I was so young that I couldn*t understand the meaning of the film.(so.that.).我突然想到，我应该拜访我的老师。It suddenly struck me that I should pay a v

14、isit to my teacher.(strike)It suddenly hit me that I should pay a visit to my teacher.(hit). He suffered defeat after defeat, and he began to lose faith in himself.f Having suffered defeat after defeat, he began to lose faith in himself.(分词短语作 状语)【模拟提升练】I .完形填空Berry, aged 7, became the youngest memb

15、er of Hunger Free Colorado, a charity helping to hunger throughout the state.Berry first became 2 of people going hungry when he saw a man at a stoplight holding a 3 asking for help.He was 4 that the man didn*t have enough money to buy food, so he and his mom looked online for a(n) 5 They discovered

16、 Hunger Free Colorado. 6 by the groups mission, Berry decided to7 money for the hungry.Berry organized kids* club meetings at his house, 8 his friends to help.At one of their first gatherings, Berry and his friends made pet treat jars to 9 in their area.Later, they ran a doughnut and lemonade 10 tha

17、t also offered coffee, ice pops and cookies.More events 11 The club hosted a neighborhood movie night. 12 they arranged a movie night at their schooLThey told the 13 of 75 children how the event would 14 people in hunger.Berry ran the event from beginning to end, 15 making sure that everything was c

18、leaned up and back to 16 afterward.Berry continued to hold meetings and 17 more events.He said the 18 to fund-raising is to find what most people like.So far, Berry*s club has collected more than $8, 000 for Hunger Free Colorado.Berry likes helping people and getting other kids 19 .Berry is proof th

19、at everyone can make a(n)20 by doing what he can to help others.语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。7岁的Berry成了一个旨在消除饥饿的慈 善机构的最小的成员，他在自己家里组织了儿童俱乐部会议，号召他的朋友们去 提供帮助，并通过经营摊位和组织活动等已成功地为该机构筹集了 8 000多美元。 1. A.findB. endC. refuseD. attach解析：根据空前的“Hunger Free Colorado”并结合下文内容可推知，这个慈善机构 旨在帮助结束(end)本州的饥饿状况。故选B。答案：BA.fondB. afraidC.

20、awareD. shamed解析：Berry看到一个饥饿的人举着牌子(sign)寻求帮助时，他第一次意识到了 (aware)有人食不果腹的状况。答案：cA.letterB. photoC. parcelD. sign解析：参见上题解析。答案：DA.upsetB. discouragedC. disappointedD. frightened解析：根据下文Berry努力为饥饿的人筹款并结合常识可知，Berry看到那个人 没有足够多的钱去买吃的，他很难过(upset)。答案：AA.purposeB. solutionC. advantageD. distribution解析：根据语境并结合上题解析

21、可知，Berry和妈妈就开始在网上寻求(饥饿问题 的)解决办法(solution),与下句“They discovered Hunger Free Colorado.相呼应。答案：BA.ManagedB. PraisedC. RespectedD. Inspired解析：根据该句中的.Berry decided to 7 money for the hungry.”可知,Berry 被这个慈善机构的使命所激励(inspired),决定去为那些饥饿的人们筹钱。答案：DA.earnB. payC. saveD. raise解析：参见上题解析。此处与下文中的“fund-raising” .has c

22、ollected more than $8, 000 for Hunger Free Colorado. 相呼应。raise “筹募”。答案：D. A.calling onB. ringing upC. searching forD. thinking about解析：Berry在自己家里组织了儿童俱乐部会议，(calling on)号召他的朋友们去 提供帮助。答案：AA.buyB. sellC. deliverD. collect解析：根据上文讲述的Berry决定为饥饿的人筹钱并结合下一句可知，他们后来 还经营了一个卖甜甜圈和柠檬汽水的摊位，并提供咖啡、冰棒和曲奇饼干，由此 可推知，此处表示

23、Berry和他的朋友们把自己做的东西拿去售卖以筹钱。答案：BA.clubB. officeC. standD. base解析：参见上题解析。stand “货摊”。答案：cA.developedB. existedC. followedD. entered解析：根据下文可知，Berry组织的俱乐部还做了许多其他的事情。follow “在 后发生”符合语境。答案：CA.SoB. ThenC. ButD. Yet解析：空前一句表述该俱乐部举办了社区电影夜，空后表述他们在学校也安排了 电影夜活动，由此可知，上下句表示逻辑上的顺承关系。then 然后，接着符 合语境。答案：BA.crowdB. numb

24、erC. mostD. part解析：75个儿童属于一个群体，因此选A。crowd “人群”。答案：AA.organizeB. requireC. uniteD. benefit解析：根据上文“Berry decided to 7 money for the hungry”和 Berry organized kids* club meetings at his house, 8 his friends to help.” 可推知，Berry 所做的 事情是为了给那些饥饿的人提供帮助，即使他们受益。故选D。答案：DA.tryingB. practicingC. includingD. consi

25、dering解析：根据该句中的“Berry ran the event from beginning to end”可知，Berry 从头 到尾管理这一事项，且空后介绍了其中的一个细节，由此可推知，此处表示“包 括”。答案：cA.orderB. normalC. natureD. balance解析：此处表示“恢复常态”，与空后的afterward和空前的everything was cleaned up相呼应。答案：BA.planB. attendC. discoverD. introduce角星析：根据上文中的Berry organized kids club meetings at hi

26、s house”可推知， Berry是活动的组织人和策划人，此处表示Berry继续组织会议并策划更多的活 动。答案：A18 . A.attitudeB. commitmentC. devotionD. key解析：根据该句中的find what most people like并结合语境和选项可推知，此处 表示筹钱的关键所在。commitment ”承诺，奉献 ；devotion “奉献” ;key “关 键”。答案：D19. A.involvedB. concernedC. settledD. impressed解析：根据上文中的“Berry organized kids* club mee

27、tings at his house, 8 his friends to help.n可推知，此处表示Berry想让其他的孩子也参与其中，帮助他人。 答案：A20. A.judgmentB. decisionC differenceC differenceD. evidence解析：根据上文内容可知，Berry就是一个很好的例子，证明了每一个人都可以 做其力所能及之事来帮助他人，从而有所影响。make a difference “有影响”。 答案：cII .语法填空(2021 全国 乙卷)Ecotourism is commonly regarded as low impact(影响)trav

28、el to undisturbed places.lt is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become 1.(educate)about the areas-both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics, and often provides money for conservation and benefits the 2.(develop)of the local areas.Ecotourism has 3.(it)origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s.It was not widely accepted as a travel concept 4