2019-2020年高三第二次诊断性考试英语试题含解析

1、2019-2020年高三第二次诊断性考试英语试题含解析201411试卷总评：整套试卷突出了语言运用能力的考查。阅读难度不高，且试题以细节理解题为主，阅读理解题阅读量不大。完形填空内容比较简单、易懂，比较容易定位关键词，语法填空选择的材料也比较简单，所填空设计到了，名词、冠词、代词、从句、非谓语动词，可以说考查比较基础、全面。改错部分所涉及的错误比较明显，学生比较 容易确认、改正。总的来说，整套试卷的难度小，属偏易范畴，比较有利于提升高三学子的自信心。说明：本试卷分第I卷(选择题）、第II卷(非选择题)和答题纸三部分。第I卷1至11页。第II卷11至12页。试题答案请用2B铅笔或05mm签字笔填

2、涂到答题卡规定位置上，书写在试题上的答案无效。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。第I卷 (选择题 100分)第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5个小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A B C三个选项中选出最 佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小 题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1What will Dorothy do on the weekend?AGo out with her friend BWork on her paper CMake some plans2What was

3、 the normal price of the T-shirt?A$15 B$30 C$503What has the woman decided to do on Sunday afternoon?ATo attend a weddingBTo visit an exhibitionCTo meet a friend4When does the bank close on Saturday?AAt 1：00 pm BAt 3：00pm CAt 4：00pm5Where are the speakers?AIn a store BIn a classroom CAt a hotel第二节(共

4、15小题：每小题15分，满分225分) 听下面5段对话或对白，每段对话或对白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三 个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置，听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅 读各个小题。每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白 读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6What do we know about Nora?AShe prefers a room of her own.BShe likes to work with other girlsCShe lives near the city center7What is good about

5、the flat?AIt has a large sitting room BIt has good furnitureCIt has a big kitchen听第7段材料，回答第8、9题8Where has Barbara been?AMilan BFlorence CRome9What has Barbara got in her suitcase?AShoes BStones CBooks听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10Who is making the telephone call?AThomas Brothers BMike Landon C.Jack Cooper11Wha

6、t relations the woman to MrCooper?AHis wife BHis boss CHis secretary12What is the message about?AA meeting BA visit to France CThe date for a trip.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13What could the man speaker most probably be?AA person who saw the accidentBThe driver of the lorryCA police officer14What was MrsFrank

7、s doing when the accident took place?AWalking along ChurchillAvenurBGetting ready to cross the roadCStanding outside a bank15When did the accident happen?AAt about 8：00 amBAt about 9：00 amCAt about 10：00 am16How did the accident happen?AA lorry hit a car.BA car ran into a lorryCA bank clerk rushed i

8、nto the street听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17What is the talk mainly about?AThe history of the schoo1 BThe courses for the term CThe plan for the day18Where can the visitors learn about the subjects for new student?AIn the school hallBIn the science labsCIn the classrooms19What can students do in the practical

9、 areas?ATake science coursesBEnjoy excellent mealsCAttend workshops20When are the visitors expected to ask questions?ADuring the lunch hourBAfter the welcome speechCBefore the tour of the labs第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑【题文】AScientists hav

10、e claimed a milestone in the drive for new energydevelopment of the first practical artificial leaf, an advanced solar cell that imitates the process，called photosynthesis(光合作用)，that green plants use to make sunlight and water into energy.“A practical artificial leaf has been a dream of scientists f

11、or decades，”said Daniel Nocera，who led the research team“We believe we have made itThe artificial leaf shows particular promise as an inexpensive source of electricity for homes of the poor in developing countries. One can imagine villages in India and Africa soon purchasing an affordable basic powe

12、r system based on this technology”The leaf is like the shape of a poker card but thinnerPlaced in water in a bright sunlight， it could produce enough electricity to supply a house in a developing country with electricity for a day by splitting water into hydrogen and oxygen, which are stored in a fu

13、el cell to produce electricityThe“artificial leaf”is not a new conceptThe first artificial leaf was developed more than a decade ago by John TtlrnerHowever, it was impractical for wider use，as it was composed of rare，expensive metals and was highly unstable with a lifespan of barely one dayNoceras n

14、ew leaf overcomes these problemsIt is made of inexpensive materials that are widely available，works under simple conditions and is highly stableLaboratory studies showed that it could operate continuously for at least 45 hours without a drop in activityThe key to this breakthrough is Noceras recent

15、discovery of several new powerful， inexpensive catalysts，which are able to accelerate the chemical reaction under simple conditionsRight now, Noceras leaf is about 10 times more efficient at carrying out photosynthesis than a natural leafYet he is optimistic that he can boost the efficiency of the d

16、evice much higher in the future21Daniel Nocera describes his artificial leaf as promising in_Amaking an artificial plant that can feed itselfBfinding a new kind of catalyst to produce electricityCchanging the sunlight and water into electricity directlyDproviding electricity for the poor family at a

17、 low cost22According to the passage, catalysts in the artificial leaf_Aspeed up the process of chemical reactionsBreduce the loss of energy during its operationCwork as a media to store collected energyDslow down the course of chemical reactions23The underlined word“it”in the fourth paragraph refers

18、 to_Aphotosynthesis Bcatalyst used by the solar cellCTurners artificial leaf DNoceras new leaf24The passage is most probably from_ Aa science fiction story Ba fairy tale bookCan advertisement for solar products Da science news report【答案】【知识点】C8 科普知识类 【文章综述】穷人的福音，一种能够进行光合作用的人造叶子能够发电了，非常的廉价，作者在文中对其做了具

19、体的说明。【答案解析】21.D，细节题，根据第二段第三句话可知答案 ：The artificial leaf shows particular promise as an inexpensive source of electricity for homes of the poor in developing countries.。22.A，细节题，根据最后一段第一句话：The key to this breakthrough is Noceras recent discovery of several new powerful inexpensive catalysts，which are

20、able to accelerate the chemical reaction under simple conditionsWhich代替的就是catalysts，它的作用就是加速化学反应的，故答案选A。23.C，推断题，本it和上一个it指的是同一个事物，即：Turners artificial leaf。根据上下文逻辑，不难猜出。24.D，推断题，从文章内容看本篇文章是一篇科普文章，故出处应当是D .【题文】BWhen learning a second language，it is important to study the culture of the language your

21、e learningAnyone can learn another languages grammar from a textbook，but what good is this learning if you dont understand the culture of the person youre speaking to? Only in learning another language and its culture will you be able to proficiently communicate with a person in that languageThere a

22、re many ways to enhance your language studies by studying the countrys culture；this can include reading literature，watching movies，or listening to popular musicMany schools in the United States emphasize the importance of culture understanding in language classesInstead of memorizing only vocabulary

23、 words and grammar patterns，classes from elementary schools to universities are teaching literature，pop songs，and films in their classesFrom these various mediums students can learn a great deal about the culture of a language they studyThese different forms of media can teach various characteristic

24、s about the language，culture，and history of a societyLiterature can allow you to understand the history and current debates confronting a cultureFor example，if you read John Steinbecks GraPes of Wrath you can understand the history and problems of ordinary American farmers in the Great DepressionIn

25、watching films one can learn about what is popular in a society, and also slang phrases one definitely wont find in a textbookIn pop songs one can understand what the current craze in a culture is；what kind of music people like to listen to，what that culture finds romantic，and even what the contempo

26、rary“cool”viewpoint in that society isIf you truly are interested in learning a language，dont underestimate the importance of learning about the languages home cultureOf course one must learn a languages grammar and vocabulary, but this will only get you so far in actually being able to communicate

27、effectivelySo if you are learning a language，take the time to also study the culture25The best title for this passage would be_AImportant Factors in Learning a Second LanguageBThe Importance of Culture in Learning a LanguageCEffectively Communicating in a Second LanguageDWhy You Should Watch Films a

28、nd Listen to Music When Learning a Foreign Language26In the above passage literature is described as an important way to learn _about a cultureAhistory Bpolitical issues Csocial issues Dall of the above27Which of the following opinions was NOT expressed in the passage above?ALanguage learning needs

29、to be supplemented by cultural learningB. Cultural learning can give key insights into a societys history， language，and current trendsCA majority of time should be given to cultural learning while learning a second language DThe key to effective communication is language and cultural proficiency【答案】

30、【知识点】C5 文化教育类【文章综述】如何能够更好的学习一门外语呢？在作者看来那就是学其文化。【答案解析】25.B,主旨题，选标题的基本原则就是要反映文章主旨，而文章的主旨一般在文章首段，本篇文章的主旨就是文章第一句话：When learning a second language，it is important to study the culture of the language youre learning据此可判断答案选B。26.D，细节题，根据第三段第一句话：Literature can allow you to understand the history and current

31、 debates confronting a cultureCurrent debates就包括了political issues 和social issues，据此可知答案选D。27.C，细节题，根据文章内容C项所表述的内容没有在文章中表述到。【题文】CAs you grow older, youll be faced with some challenging decisionslike should you play soccer or field hockey，or like whether to cut class or try cigarettesMaking decisions

32、on your own is hard enough，but when other people get involved and try to press you one way or another it can be even harderPeople who are your age，like your classmates，are called peersWhen they try to influence how you act，or get you to do something, its called peer pressureIts something everyone ha

33、s to deal witheven adults. Lets talk about how to handle itPeers can have a positive influence on each otherMaybe another student in your science class taught you an easy way to remember the planets in the solar systemYou might admire a friend who is always a good sport and try to be more like him o

34、r herMaybe you got others excited about your new favorite book，and now everyones reading itThese are examples of how peers positively influence each other every daySometimes peers influence each other in negative waysFor example，a few kids in school might try to get you to cut class with them，your s

35、occer friend might try to convince you to be mean to another player and never pass him the ball，or a kid in the neighborhood might want you to shop lift with himIt is tough to be the only one who says“no”to peer pressure，but you can do itPaying attention to your own feelings and beliefs about what i

36、s fight and wrong can help you know the right thing to doInner strength and self-confidence can help you stand firm，walk away, and resist doing somethingYouve probably had a parent or a teacher advising you to“choose your friends wisely”Peer pressure is a big reason why they say thisIf you choose fr

37、iends who dont use drugs, cut class，smoke cigarettes，or lie to their parents，then you probably wont do these things either, even if other kids doIf you continue to face peer pressure and youre finding it difficult to handle，talk to someone you trustDont feel guilty if youve made a mistake or twoTalk

38、ing to a parent，a teacher，or a school counselor can help you feel much better and prepare you for the next time you face peer pressure28For whom is the passage most probably written?AStudents BParents CTeachers DCounselors29Both Paragraph 2 and 3 are developed_.Aby space Bby time Cby stories Dby exa

39、mples30In the last three paragraphs，the author mainly_Aexplains why peer pressure is so important Bgives advice on how to deal with peer pressure Cdiscusses how peers influence usDshow how to make more good friends31Which of the following may help handle peer pressure?ASpending more time with your c

40、lassmatesBTaking up more relaxing hobbiesCChoosing friends with no bad habitsDDoing what your classmates do【答案】【知识点】C5 文化教育类【文章综述】文章是向青少年叙述如何处理Peer pressure的建议。文章较为容易，考查较为全面合理，各种题型都有涉及。要求考生在阅读时，把握大意，合理的推测想象。【答案解析】28. 选A 推理题。根据文章第一句As you grow older,已经后面的内容说明这里的you是指选项里的学生，故A正确。29.选D，推断题，两段都是举得例子，关键词

41、example，答案自然是选D了。30. 选B 段落大意题。这三段都是告诉年轻人如何处理peer pressure，可以抵制，也可以向老师求助等建议。故B正确。31. 选C 推理题。根据倒数第二段最后两行If you choose friends who dont cut class, smoke cigarettes, or lie to their parents, then you probably wont do these things either, even if other kids do说明我们可以选择一些有良好习惯的人做朋友，这样就会受到他们的影响，也会有良好的习惯。故C正

42、确。 【题文】DLook at the keyboard of any standard typewriter or computer.“Q，”W，”E，”R”T”and“Y”are the first six lettersWho decided on this arrangement of the letters? And why?People tried for centuries to invent the typewriterIn 1714 in England，Henry Mill filed a patent for a machine called An Artificial

43、Machine Or Method for the Impressing or Transcribing of Letters，Singly or Progressively one after another, as in Writing，whereby all Writing whatsoever may be Engrossed in Paper or Parchment so Neat and Exact as not to be distinguished from PrintThat machine probably didnt sell because no one could

44、remember its name!The first practical typewriter was patented in the United States in 1868 by Christopher Latham SholesHis machine was known as the type-writerIt had a movable carriage，a lever for turning paper from line to line，and a keyboard on which the letters were arranged in alphabetical order

45、But Sholes had a problemOn his first model，his”ABC”key arrangement caused the keys to jam when the typist worked quicklySholes didnt know how to keep the keys from sticking，so his solution was to keep the typist from typing too fastSholes asked his brother-in-1aw to rearrange the keyboard so that th

46、e commonest letters were not so close together and the type bars would come from opposite directionsThus they would not clash together and jam the machineThe new arrangement was the QWERTY arrangement typists use todayOf course，Sholes claimed that the new arrangement was scientific and would add spe

47、ed and efficiencyThe only efficiency it added was to slow the typist down，since almost any word in the English language required the typists fingers to cover more distance on the keyboardThe advantages of the typewriter outweighed the disadvantages of the keyboardTypists memorized the crazy letter a

48、rrangement，and the typewriter became a huge successBy the time typists had memorized the new arrangement of letters and built their speed，typewriter technology had improved，and the keys didnt stick as badly as they had at first32The author thinks the machine invented by Henry Mill could not be sold

49、because_.Ait was difficult for people to accept new thingsBthere were great disadvantages of the key boardCthe machine could not be distinguished from printDthe name of the machine was too long33Sholes decided the QWERT arrangement of the keyboard in order to_Aarrange the letters in alphabetical ord

50、erBcause the keys to jam when the typist worked quicklyCsolve the problem of the keys jammingDcompete with”ABC”key arrangement34It is infer red that the QWERTV arrangement of the keyboard_Ais the most scientific arrangement Badds speed and efficiency of typistsCkeeps the typist from typing too fast

51、Dis easy for typists to memorize35Which of the following can be the best title of the passage?AThe Arrangement of The Letters on KeyboardBThe Story of Christopher Latham SholesCHow to Invent The TypewriterDThe First Practical Typewriter【答案】【知识点】C8 科普知识类 【文章综述】说明文。本文主要介绍了键盘上QWERTY这种字母排列顺序的来由。【答案解析】32

52、.选D本题为观点态度推断题。第二段最后一句“That machine probably didnt sell because no one could remember its name!”可推知，坐着认为机器可能卖不出去是因为它的名字太长了，没有人能记住。33. 选C，本题为观点态度推断题。从第四段“his ABC key arrangement caused the keys to jam when the typist worked quickly. ”可知，肖尔斯决定“QWERTY”这种排列是为了解决“ABC”键这种排列所引起的“键堵塞”问题。34. 选C，本题为主要细节正误题。从第四

53、段中的“his solution was to keep the typist from typing too fast.”和“The only efficiency it added was to slow the typist down”可知，QWERTY排列只能让打字员的打字速度慢下来，C选项与其意思一致。35. 选A本题为主旨归纳题。第一段的“Who decided on this arrangement of the letters? And why?”是全文的主旨句，文章后面的内容都是围绕这两个问题展开的。【题文】第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选

54、项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余 选项。When your pet is sick，you know it needs medicationBut pets，like babies，dont know the pill you want them to take will help them. 36 Here are some tips to help get your pet to take liquid medicine37 If the answer is yes，then your easiest path is to mix it with canned foodF

55、irst give your hungry pet a small amount of canned food without the medicationIts important that the pet nibbles(一点点地吃)at the food and sees that theres nothing wrongNext，while the pet is still hungry, mix the medication in a small amount food and present itRepeat as necessary to get the entire dose(

56、剂量)down 38 If the pet decides not to finish the meal，the dose will be wastedIf the chemist says the medication cannot be taken with food，you need a syringe(注射器) or a dropper to get the liquid down your pets throat39 Keep a cheerful tone in your voice so the pet doesnt sense your stress or hesitation

57、Position your pet where it cannot run away, perhaps having a dog sit with his back against a wall or chairor a cat on your lap 40 Use your other hand to insert the syringe or dropper between the cheek and back teethSlowly squeeze the medication so the pet wont chokeTry to keep your pets mouth closed

58、 for approximately 30 seconds until you see it has swallowed，If your pet is being obstinate(倔强的)，stroke(抚摸)its throat gently or blow on the faceBe sure you end the session with praise and perhaps a treat so your pet will not associate medication with a bad experience.ABefore you call your pet in，be

59、Sure to have the medication and any other materials youll need readyBOnce the pet is in position，use one hand to gently open the pets mouth from above， tilting back the head slightlyCAsk the vet if the liquid medication can be given with foodDYou should know the reason why the pet refuses to take me

60、dicineENever mix the medication with the full meal FThey just know it smells funny and they dont want itG. Dont force your pet to swallow all the medicine【答案】【知识点】I3信息匹配【答案解析】36.F，根据上下文逻辑关系，上文说，宠物就像小孩一样，不知道吃药对他自己的病有好处，他们只知道有味，而不想吃。故选F。37.C，根据关键词food，把液体药和食物一块吃。38.E，前文句意可知：尽管宠物是饿的，但是要把药混合在少量的食物里，然后重复