主动形式表示被动意义

1、例如：The book sells well.这种书很畅销。These clothes wash easily.这些衣服很易洗。The pen writes well. 这笔很好写。This meat cuts easily.这肉很好切。 3、一些与cant(不能)或wont(不会)连用的动词。常用的有： lock(锁住)， shut(关上) ， open(翻开)， act(上演)， write(写)，cut(砍，切)，wear(穿，戴)等，用作不及物动词时，用主动表被动。 例如：The door wont open.这门打不开。It cant move.它不能动。请体会下面三个句子的不同：

2、1.His books sell well, so they are sold out soon. 2.The door wont open, so well ask the repairman to open it. 3.We measured the bridge and it measures 20 metres long! 有一类动词既是及物的，又是不及物的，如果表示主语内在的特征、性质或所处的状态而不是强调动作本身，就要用动词的主动形式表被动，这样用起来简洁，符合英美人的习惯。常见的动词有：sell, wash, write, wear, open, shut, lock, clos

3、e, start, begin, read, tear, boil, burn, grow, break, change, weigh, measure等。 II、Doing形式表示被动1. bewellworth doing (很值得The book is worth reading. 这本书值得读。2. Sth.+need/want/ require要求，需要+ doing/ to be done The window needs cleaning The old building requires repairing. These young seedlings will require

4、 looking after Your hair wants/needs cuttingIII、to do 形式表示被动 1. 某些动词, 如to let出租, to blame责备, to seek寻找用主动式表被动意义。 例: Who is to blame for starting the fire？You are to blame for the accident. The house is to let. The reason is not far to seek. 2.在疑问词what/ which/ whom + to do构造中，主动表被动例: I dont know whic

5、h to choose . = I dont know which I should chooseHe asked me what to do .3. 在不定式作定语的某些固定句型中, 用主动形式表被动意义。1havegive, showsth. to doHe has a family to support. Please get me something to read. Hell show you the right path to take. 试比较: Have you anything to do this afternoon? 今天下午你有事要做吗? to do是由you发出的Ha

6、ve you anything to be taken to your parents? 你有要带给你父母的东西吗? 谁带不得而知2There be n./ pron. to doThere is nothing to do this weekend. 这个周末无事可做。3ItThis, Thatbeaanadj. n. to doThis is a difficult question to answer. 这是个难答的问题。It is an easy sentence to translate. 这个句子很容易翻译。4、在不定时作状语中, 不定式有被动意义, 与句子主语构成动宾关系。 1S

7、. betooadj. to doThe question was very difficult to answer. 这问题很难答复。He is hard to deal with. 他很难对付。2动词+宾语+形容词+不定式I found the car comfortable to ride in. 我觉得这种车很好坐。That makes poetry difficult to write. 那就使得诗很难写。IV、介词形式表示被动“be + under +名词构造，这种构造表示某事“正在被进展中，常用的名词有：construction建立、 discussion讨论、 repair(修

8、理)、 treatment(治疗)、 question(质问)。The building is underconstruction = The building is being constructed .The whole matter is under =is being discussed).巩 固 练 习 1. The chair looks rather hard, but in fact it is very comfortable to _. A. sit B. sit on C. be sat D. be sat on2. Im hungry. Get me something

9、 _. A. eat B. to eat C. to be eat D. for eating3. It is difficult for a foreigner _ Chinese. A. write B. to write C. to be written D. Written4. I have no more letters _, thank you. A. to type B. typing C. to be typed D. typed5. The car is rather difficult _. A. to repair B. to be repaired C. repairi

10、ng D. being repairedBBBCA6. She had no money _ a birthday present for their children. A. to buy B. to be bought C. bought D. buying7. There are many good films played by ChengLong that are worth _.A. to be seen B. being seen C. seeing D. to see8. The food _ easily and sells _.A. cooks ； well B. is cooking； good C. is cooked； well D. cooked； good9. The windows of the building cant _. A. be closed B. close C. be closing D. closed10. The man is difficult _A. to do with B. to deal with C. to be done with D. to be dealt withACABB11. A journalist should first decide what events _ before makin