小作文开头段基本句型

1、关于小作文开头段基本句型第一张，PPT共六十一页，创作于2022年6月Writing Task 1 基本要求summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparison where relevant.总结信息 （概括特征，数据支持）选择和汇报主要的特点如果合适的话，进行比较第二张，PPT共六十一页，创作于2022年6月2014年小作文题型分布2014年小作文题型分布Times柱状图13表格10曲线图8饼图23、流程图64、地图7混合图2柱状图27%饼图4%流程图12%地图1

2、5%曲线图17%表格21%混合图4%2014年小作文题型分布1、动态图2、静态图第三张，PPT共六十一页，创作于2022年6月小作文完成步骤-图表（线/柱/表/饼图）第一步：审题第二步：开头段（改写题目）第三步：完成主体部分第四步：结尾段第四张，PPT共六十一页，创作于2022年6月第1步：审题首先，确定图形类别 动态图（时间段） 静态图（时间点） 然后，确定描述对象 动态图：有几根线 静态图：几个对象其次，确定时态第四，确定图中重要的信息第五，确定文章结构（分段）第五张，PPT共六十一页，创作于2022年6月区别动态图和静态图动态图：强调变化趋势静态图：强调对比时间动态图静态图时间段时间点/

3、无第六张，PPT共六十一页，创作于2022年6月练习：判断动态图还是静态图 动态图第七张，PPT共六十一页，创作于2022年6月练习：判断动态图还是静态图 动态图25%20%15%10%5%第八张，PPT共六十一页，创作于2022年6月练习：判断动态图还是静态图 动态图US population by race and ethnicity第九张，PPT共六十一页，创作于2022年6月练习：判断动态图还是静态图 静态图第十张，PPT共六十一页，创作于2022年6月练习：判断动态图还是静态图 动态图The pie charts compare the sources of pollutants i

4、n a particular area of ocean.第十一张，PPT共六十一页，创作于2022年6月commuter railheavy raillight railbusDemand response练习：判断动态图还是静态图 静态图第十二张，PPT共六十一页，创作于2022年6月练习：判断动态图还是静态图 静态图第十三张，PPT共六十一页，创作于2022年6月第1步：审题首先，确定图形类别 动态图（时间段） 静态图（时间点） 然后，确定描述对象 动态图：有几根线 静态图：几个对象其次，确定时态第四，确定图中重要的信息第五，确定文章结构（分段）第十四张，PPT共六十一页，创作于2022

5、年6月练习：确定描述对象4根线第十五张，PPT共六十一页，创作于2022年6月练习：确定描述对象4根线25%20%15%10%5%第十六张，PPT共六十一页，创作于2022年6月练习：确定描述对象10根线US population by race and ethnicity第十七张，PPT共六十一页，创作于2022年6月练习：确定描述对象7根线The pie charts compare the sources of pollutants in a particular area of ocean.第十八张，PPT共六十一页，创作于2022年6月练习：确定描述对象5个对象第十九张，PPT共六十

6、一页，创作于2022年6月第1步：审题首先，确定图形类别 动态图（时间段） 静态图（时间点） 然后，确定描述对象 动态图：有几根线 静态图：几个对象其次，确定时态：第四，确定图中重要的信息第五，确定文章结构（分段）通过给定的时间确定第二十张，PPT共六十一页，创作于2022年6月练习：确定时态 过去时第二十一张，PPT共六十一页，创作于2022年6月练习：确定时态 25%20%15%10%5%过去时将来时第二十二张，PPT共六十一页，创作于2022年6月第1步：审题首先，确定图形类别 动态图（时间段） 静态图（时间点） 然后，确定描述对象 动态图：有几根线 静态图：几个对象其次，确定时态第四，

7、确定图中重要的信息 （最高值、第二高值、起始结束值、反转的数据、总体趋势）第五，确定文章结构（分段）第二十三张，PPT共六十一页，创作于2022年6月动态图什么数值比较重要一般来说：（针对一条线来说）1、最高值2、最后一年的数据3、第一年的数据4、中间的数据第二十四张，PPT共六十一页，创作于2022年6月练习：确定重要信息 最高值：road第二高值：water最低值：pipeline总体趋势：road，water，pipeline上升，rail 平稳第二十五张，PPT共六十一页，创作于2022年6月第1步：审题1. 确定图形类别：2. 确定描述对象：3.确定时态：4.确定重要信息5.分段：动

8、态图（1974-2002） 有4根线分两段过去时最高值：road货运量最大最低值：pipeline货运量最少趋势：road，water，pipeline货运量上升，rail 货运量平稳第二十六张，PPT共六十一页，创作于2022年6月小作文完成步骤-图表（线/柱/表/饼图）第一步：审题第二步：开头段（改写题目）第三步：完成主体部分第四步：结尾段第二十七张，PPT共六十一页，创作于2022年6月第2步：开头段基本句式1. informatione.g. The chart/graph provides/presents the information/data about. .2. compar

9、e+名词e.g. The chart compares. . 3. show/illustrate +名词e.g. The chart shows the changes in. .4. how+宾语从句e.g. The chart/graph shows/illustrates how. . changed/varied. .（How 引导的名词性从句后面一定要加完整的句子)5. that+宾语从句：粗略的描述总体趋势e.g. The chart/graph shows/reveals/indicates/suggests that. . 第二十八张，PPT共六十一页，创作于2022年6月开

10、头段简单换词graph （图表、曲线图）chart (图表) =diagram = shows (v.) = information = the number of =the proportion of =poeple in the USA=how to produce=in three countries=表达（一段时间) 例如：从1999到2009年=line graphbar chart，pie chart，flow chartFrom 1999 to 2009 = between 1999 and 2009 = over a period of 10 years=over the pe

11、riod from 1999 to 2009 = during the period between 1999 and 2009in the UK, France and Spainthe process of producingAmericansthe percentage of = the figure forthe figure fordata illustrates figure （流程图）= flow chart第二十九张，PPT共六十一页，创作于2022年6月练习: 开头段改写第三十张，PPT共六十一页，创作于2022年6月练习: 开头段改写The graph provides t

12、he information about the amounts of goods transported in the United Kindom by four means of transport over the period from 1974 to 2000. The line graph compares the quantities of goods transported in the United Kindom by four types of transport from 1974 to 2000. The graph illustrates the quantities

13、 of goods transported in the United Kingdom by four means of transport from 1974 to 2002. The graph illustrates (how the quantities of goods transported by four means of transport had changed) in the United Kingdom over a period of nearly 30 years. 注意: 从句的完整性第三十一张，PPT共六十一页，创作于2022年6月练习: 开头段改写The fol

14、lowing table presents some information about consumer spending on three items in five different countries in 2002.The table shows percentages of consumer expenditure for three categories of products and services in five countries in 2002. 第三十二张，PPT共六十一页，创作于2022年6月练习: 开头段改写The bar chart compares diff

15、erent age groups in terms of internet usage between 2003 and 2006.第三十三张，PPT共六十一页，创作于2022年6月USA 40%Others 20%UK 10%Japan 30%Above 50 years old50%Below 30 years old15%40-49 years old20%练习: 开头段改写法一：The two pie charts demonstrate the situation of overseas travel by Indians in terms of four destinations

16、and age groups respectively. 法二：The first pie chart depicts the information about the number of Indians travelling to different countries, and the second one illustrates the figure for India travellers by different age groups. 第三十四张，PPT共六十一页，创作于2022年6月练习: 开头段改写-流程图The diagram below shows the process

17、 by which bricks are manufactured for the building industry.brick manufacturingdiggerbrickswire cuttersand + watermetal gridrollerclaydeliverypackagingcooling chamberkilndrying ovenmould法二：The diagram shows how the bricks are produced in seven steps for the building purposes. 法一：The diagram shows th

18、e process of brick manufacturing in seven steps for the building purposes. 第三十五张，PPT共六十一页，创作于2022年6月Chorleywood is a village near London whose population has increased steadily since the middle of the nineteenth century. The map below shows the development of the village. 1868 18831883 19221922 1970

19、1970 1994built 1970built 1909练习: 开头段改写-地图方法一：The map shows the changes and development of Chorleywood village in Great Britain over a period of 126 years from 1868 to 1994.方法二：The map illustrates the changes in an area called Chorleywood during the period from 1868 to 1994. 第三十六张，PPT共六十一页，创作于2022年6月

20、小作文完成步骤-图表（线/柱/表/饼图）第一步：审题第二步：开头段（改写题目）第三步：完成主体部分第四步：结尾段第三十七张，PPT共六十一页，创作于2022年6月第3步 主体部分动态图必备8个句型1. The figure of . increased/decreased.2. There be 句型3. see/witness4. 分词结构5. 用after which, during which time, by which time,when, where引导的定语从句6. 用while/whereas/although 引导的状语从句，或者but引导的并列句7. 倍数8. 比较级和最高

21、级第三十八张，PPT共六十一页，创作于2022年6月（图表类）必备句式基本句型1：The figure of . increased rapidly from to during the period from to .主语(.的数值)描述趋势的 V.描述变化幅度的 adv.描述变化幅度的 prep.时间范围The figure of.The amount of.The quantity of.The number of.The percentage of.The proportion of.上升下降大幅度地显著地稳定地平稳地小幅度地微弱地by .to .from.toduring/over

22、the period from.to.;in the following.years;in the early/late period between.and.increase;rise;grow;climb;soar;rocket;surge;ascend;go up;decrease;decline;drop;deminish;descend;plunge;plummet;wind down;fall;go down;markedly；remarkably；significantly;considerably;dramatically;sharply;rapidly;substantial

23、ly;drastically;exponentially;stably;steadily;constantly;gradually;continuously;moderately;gently;slightly;modestly;marginally；slowly;fractionally;insignificantly;注意：表示上升和下降的单词一般都是不及物动词，没有被动语态。第三十九张，PPT共六十一页，创作于2022年6月M-city 人口变化图20002005201020155201015millionyear基本句型1：The number of population increa

24、sed considerably to 15 million during the period between 2000 to 2010.第四十张，PPT共六十一页，创作于2022年6月（图表类）必备句式基本句型2：There be句型S.+V.冠词描述变化幅度的 adj.描述趋势的 n.时间范围There is .; There emerges .;The period from .to.witnesses.; The early/late/subsequent/following.years see.;This is followed by.; It undergoes/experien

25、ces.;aan大幅度的明显的稳定的平稳的小幅度的微弱的上升下降in betweenandfrom to.marked;rapid;sharp;significant;dramatic;drastic;considerable;substantial;exponential;stable;steady;constant;gradual;continuous;moderate;gentle;slow;slight;modest;fractional;insignificant;increase;rise;growth;leap;soar;boom;surge;decrease;fall;decl

26、ine;slide;plunge;第四十一张，PPT共六十一页，创作于2022年6月M-city 人口变化图20002005201020155201015millionyear基本句型2： There was a marked increase in the population from 2000 to 2010.There was a downward/an opposite trend in the population in the following five years. 第四十二张，PPT共六十一页，创作于2022年6月（图表类）必备句式基本句型3：see/witnessS.+V

27、.冠词描述变化幅度的 adj.描述趋势的 n.时间范围There is .; There emerges .;The period from .to.witnesses.; The early/late/subsequent/following.years see.;This is followed by.; It undergoes/experiences.;aan大幅度的明显的稳定的平稳的小幅度的微弱的上升下降in betweenandfrom to.marked;rapid;sharp;significant;dramatic;drastic;considerable;substanti

28、al;exponential;stable;steady;constant;gradual;continuous;moderate;gentle;slow;slight;modest;fractional;insignificant;increase;rise;growth;leap;soar;boom;surge;decrease;fall;decline;slide;plunge;第四十三张，PPT共六十一页，创作于2022年6月M-city 人口变化图20002005201020155201015millionyear基本句型3：In terms of the population of

29、 M-city, the period from 2000 to 2010 witnessed/saw a significant increase with the figure rising from 5 million at the very start to 15 eventually.第四十四张，PPT共六十一页，创作于2022年6月补充知识-see的使用21世纪初中国房价大幅上升。China： China saw a dramtic increase in house prices in the 2000s.The 2000s The 2000s saw a dramatic in

30、crease in house prices in China.The real estate industry of China The real estate industry of China saw house prices increase dramtically in the 2000s. 第四十五张，PPT共六十一页，创作于2022年6月（图表类）必备句式基本句型4：分词结构e.g. The number of population nearly doubled, rising from two million to four million in 2010. 注意：double

31、 不及物V，无被动 was doubled； 5 million/billion/thousand/hundred, 不加Se.g. The population rose to four million in 2010, before declining to three million in 2012.=The population rose to four million in 2010, after which it declined to three million in 2012.注意：rise不及物V，无被动；第四十六张，PPT共六十一页，创作于2022年6月M-city 人口变

32、化图20002005201020155201015millionyear基本句型4：The number of population nearly tripled, rising from five million to fifteen million in 2010. The population rose to fifteen million in 2010, before declining to ten million in 2015.第四十七张，PPT共六十一页，创作于2022年6月（图表类）必备句式- 定语从句基本句型5：after which，during which time，

33、by which time，when，where引导定语从句 e.g. The population rose to four million in 2010, after which it declined to three million in 2012. e.g. The volume of fruit sales remained constant until 2010, when the figure rose markedly. 水果销售额一致保持到2010。在那一年，销售额急速上升。第四十八张，PPT共六十一页，创作于2022年6月M-city 人口变化图200020052010

34、20155201015millionyear基本句型5：The population rose to fifteen million in 2010, after which it declined to ten million in 2015.第四十九张，PPT共六十一页，创作于2022年6月（图表类）必备句式- 状语从句基本句型6：whereas/while/although引导状语从句e.g. The volume of fruit sales amounted to the peak in August whereas it hit the trough in November.水果的

35、销量在8月份达到高峰，然而在11月触到最低值。注意：用while和whereas时，注意两个单句的结构一致。e.g. Although men outnumbered women in science, this number was declined.虽然读科学的男生比女生多，（但是）这个数字在下降第五十张，PPT共六十一页，创作于2022年6月M-city 人口变化图20002005201020155201015millionyear基本句型6：The number of population amounted to the peak in 2010 whereas it declined

36、 to 10million in 2015. 第五十一张，PPT共六十一页，创作于2022年6月（图表类）必备句式- 倍数基本句型7：times twice/xx times as much as .; twice/ xx times the figure for ; twice/xx times higher than ; e.g. 2010年，娱乐的花费是书的花费的三倍。The spending on entertainment was three times as much as that on books in 2010.The spending on entertainment wa

37、s 5000 dollars, three times the figure for books. The spending on entertainment was three times higher than that on books.注意比较对象要一致folde.g. 芬兰老龄化人口增长了近三倍。基本句型1The number of aging population of Finland increased nearly three fold. 基本句型3The number of aging population of Finland saw a three-fold increa

38、se. 第五十二张，PPT共六十一页，创作于2022年6月M-city 人口变化图20002005201020155201015millionyear基本句型7：The number of population in 2010 was three times as much as the figure in 2000. The number of population of M-city increased nearly three fold in 2010. 第五十三张，PPT共六十一页，创作于2022年6月（图表类）必备句式 - 比较级、最高级基本句型8：比较级、最高级e.g. 同芬兰的老

39、龄化人口相比，日本的老龄化人口数量高出很多。 Compared with the number of aging population of Finland, that of Japan was considerably higher.e.g. 日本的老龄化人口数量是最多的。 The number of aging population of Japan was highest. 注意：比较级易犯错误是“比较对象不一致” 错误句子：The volume of fruit sales was approaching five tonnes in 2014, much higher than 20

40、13.正确句子：The volume of fruit sales was approaching five tonnes in 2014, much higher than the figure in 2013.第五十四张，PPT共六十一页，创作于2022年6月M-city 人口变化图20002005201020155201015millionyear基本句型8：The number of population of M-city in 2010 was highest. 第五十五张，PPT共六十一页，创作于2022年6月图表类小作文最常见错误例：The unemployment rate

41、in the UK rose by 2% between 2008 and 2009, whereas Canada decreased by about 1%. The USA was the highest, at just over 4%.错误1：Canada decreased错误2：The USA was the highest改正：The unemployment rate in the UK rose by 2% between 2008 and 2009, whereas in Canada it decreased by about 1%. The USA saw the highest rise in employment, with an increase of just ove