2023届山西省灵丘县第一中学高考英语五模试卷含解析

1、2023届高考英语模拟试卷考生须知：1全卷分选择题和非选择题两部分，全部在答题纸上作答。选择题必须用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题的答案必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或答字笔写在“答题纸”相应位置上。2请用黑色字迹的钢笔或答字笔在“答题纸”上先填写姓名和准考证号。3保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。第一部分 （共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1Thanks to her determination and perseverance on the piano lesson, she has a _ grasp of the subject.AcomprehensiveBc

2、onfidentialCconservativeDcompulsory2Time is a precious _ that is often taken for granted among the young people.AcommodityBcommissionCcomponentDconstitution3Keep up your spirits even if you _ fail hundreds of times.AmustBneedCmayDshould4It is difficult for any of us to eat better, exercise more, and

3、 sleep enough,_ we know we should.AbecauseBeven ifCunlessDbefore5Word came that 30 firefighters gave their lives to our country _ national property security.Ain exchange forBin response toCin terms ofDin contrast with6When the organization _ in March, 2019, there was almost no money in the bank and

4、more than $1 million of debt.AfoldedBboomedCregisteredDsprang7I have often thought it would be a blessing if each human being _ blind and deaf for a few days at some time in his life.Ahas been strickenBwere strickenChad beenDwould be8_ you sing and dance at this late hour of the night?Sorry, I will

5、stop right now.AMayBShallCWillDMust9 The movie Lalaland is awesome. Its really a pity that you didnt make it. Sorry, I _. I was too busy then.Adidnt BdidCwouldnt Dwould10_ some leaders and scientists have praised Chinas achievement in space technology, others regard Chinas progress as a threat.AUnle

6、ssBOnceCEven thoughDNow that11Every man has his faults. We should, therefore, lean to be _ of others.AignorantBresponsibleCreliableDtolerant12 They say Philips brother is a billionaire. _? He wouldnt accept any help from his brother, even if it were offered.AWhat if BWhat for CSo what DForget it13Ou

7、r society would be better off but for the fact that the economy _ by the current global financial crisis.Ahad been affectedBwere affectedCshould be affectedDis affected14An international team of astronomers announced Wednesday that they _ the first-ever image of a black hole.Ahave capturedBwere capt

8、uringChad capturedDwould capture15Laughter produces short-term changes in the function of the heart and blood circulation,_heart rate and oxygen consumption.Aincreasing Bto increase Chaving increased Dbeing increased16As he works in a remote area, he visits his parents only _Aanxiously Boccasionally

9、Cpractically Durgently17I need help now! I have to fix a leaking pipe in my bathroom but Im not sure _to begin.Awhat BwhichCwhere Dwhen18We have no idea what air we will be breathing in the future if we anything to stop hazy weather.Ahadnt done Bdidnt doChavent done Ddont do19 How did you find Profe

10、ssor Smiths speech last night ? To be frank, his speech didnt _ to me .AappealBbelongCreferDoccur20Molly finally agreed, _ reluctantly, to go and see a doctor.AafterwardsBalmostCotherwiseDsomewhat第二部分 阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21（6分）The pills we take to treat anxiety may affect the

11、 behavior of fish, new research in the journal Science suggests.Swedish researchers found a common drug in rivers downstream of wastewater treatment plants. It is a drug for treating anxiety, called oxazepam. It is accumulating in fish and makes them bolder. Wastewater treatment plants are not desig

12、ned to get rid of drugs. As a result, the drugs end up in wildlife, reaching harmful levels.“Its something we dont think about very often, but there are a lot of similarities between fish and humans. So some of our responses to drugs can be seen in fish as well,” said Karen Kidd. She is a biologist

13、at the University of New Brunswick, Canada. The mood-altering drugs get into waterways when people taking the prescriptions throw unused pills into the waste stream.The researchers let perch（鲈鱼）swim in lab tanks with concentrations similar to those found downstream from wastewater treatment plants.

14、“The perch preferred to swim alone rather than in large groups. They were more likely to explore their environment,” said Micael Jonsson of Ume University in Sweden, who helped lead the research.Jonsson said, “This adventurous behavior required more energy. And they ate more plankton（浮游生物）, or tiny

15、algae-eating animals, to guarantee enough energy for their activities. This could reduce the population of plankton.” The result could be more algae(水藻). On the other hand, the new behavior could lead to the opposite effect. If perch make themselves closer to their natural enemies, they are likely t

16、o be eaten by them.None of the scientists is suggesting that people should give up these drugs. They just want to reduce the effects of the medicines on the environment. They recommend wastewater treatment plants should be redesigned to get rid of these medicines. But Kidd said that would be too exp

17、ensive for some communities.Bryan Brooks, director of the Environmental Health Science Program at Baylor University, said drugs could also be designed to break down more quickly in the environment. And the government could continue to run recycling programs where people drop off their unused drugs a

18、t government locations. Brooks said hes particularly concerned about drug effects on aquatic（水生的）environments, like the Trinity River south of Dallas and the South Platte River near Denver, where the majority of the flow comes from treated wastewater. In the developing world, he said, the problem ma

19、y be even worse, because of careless wastewater treatment and industrial regulations.1、Which of the following best describes oxazepams effect on fish?AIt causes fish to be more daring. BIt makes fish much stronger.CIt has little influence on fish. DIt helps treat a fish disease.2、What will happen if

20、 perch become adventurous?AThey will eat more algae.BThere will be less plankton.CThey will need more oxazepam.DTheir natural enemies will be stronger.3、What would be the best title for the passage?AMore wastewater treatment plants are neededBFish in wastewater become more adventurousCDrugs for trea

21、ting mental diseases end up in wildlifeDAnxiety drugs found in rivers change the behavior of fish22（8分）Last year, my mother brought out an old college-ruled notebook: one of the journals in which she has kept a record of all the dinner parties she has hosted since 1976. I have a similar journal. But

22、 I am a writer, and she is a chemist. Mine features descriptions and feelings about the dinners Ive hosted, while hers reads like laboratory notes just the meal plan and who was invited.“Salmon mousse (慕斯),” she announced, reading the first enrty. “My God, I must have made that a hundred times. Do y

23、ou remember them?” I did not. But I did remember that salmon mousse.Old friends came and went in her journal. New favorites joined the menu. My husbands name first shows up in 1997, along with a meal of just hors doeuvres because he loved it. My sister-in-laws name arrived in 2006, and with it, all

24、shellfish disappeared from family menus she would get sick after eating it. There is my mothers partner, Ruth, who appeared in 1991, signaling almost five years of vegetarian (素食主义者) dishes before she gave in to my mothers ham. And there is my father, who, despite being her ex-husband, appeared ever

25、y year after their divorce.While my mother has always written in her journal before a dinner party, I write in mine afterward. In my mothers books, everything is clear. Hers passes from early motherhood through divorce and the deaths of friends without a break. I, on the other hand, have three entir

26、e years unaccounted for. I see her journals and am envious: By 45, I should not be winging it at dinner. I should practice with old favorites. I should have a salmon mousse.And so I am putting this decision into practice at a dinner party for writer friends. The menu is already written in my book. T

27、o start, a favorite of mine has already been cured in the fridge: salmon gravlax. And for this I must apologize to my mother: It is as close as I can get. I love you; I do. But I have always hated that salmon mousse.1、What can we know from Paragraph 3?AThe writers husband is a vegetarian.BThe writer

28、s sister-in-law is allergic to shellfish.CRuth didnt like the ham made by the writers mom.DThe writers father never came back home since his divorce.2、Which statement may come from the writers journal?ASalmon gravlax for writer friends.BThanksgiving, friends coming.CI am glad lots of writer friends

29、came last night.DTom and Lily are coming as well as Mr. Green tonight.3、How can we describe the writers mother?AConsiderate and strong-minded. BStubborn but organized.COutgoing and generous. DWarm-hearted but disloyal.4、Why does the author write this passage?ATo show her love for her mother. BTo put

30、 her decision into practice.CTo compare two different journals. DTo express her hate for salmon mousse.23（8分）We can achieve knowledge either actively or passively. We achieve it actively by direct experience, by testing and proving an idea, or by reasoning.We achieve knowledge passively by being tol

31、d by someone else. Most of the learning that takes place in the classroom and the kind that happens when we watch TV or read newspapers or magazines is passive. Conditioned as we are to passive learning, its not surprising that we depend on it in our everyday communication with friends and co-worker

32、s.Unfortunately, passive learning has a serious problem. It makes us tend to accept what we are told even when it is little more than hearsay(传闻) and rumor.Did you ever play the game Rumor? It begins when one person writes down a message but doesnt show it to anyone. Then the person whispers it, wor

33、d for word, to another person. That person, in turn, whispers it to still another, and so on, through all the people playing the game. The last person writes down the message word for word as he or she hears it. Then the two written statements are compared. Typically, the original message has change

34、d.Thats what happens in daily life. The simple fact that people repeat a story in their own words changes the story. Then, too, most people listen imperfectly. And many enjoy adding their own creative touch to a story, trying to improve on it, stamping it with their own personal style. Yet those who

35、 hear it think they know.This process is also found among scholars and authors: A statement of opinion by one writer may be restated as fact by another, who may in turn be quoted by yet another; and this process may continue, unless it occurs to someone to question the facts on which the original wr

36、iter based his opinion or to challenge the interpretation he placed upon those facts.1、According to the passage, active learning may occur in _.Areading scientific journalsBlistening to the teacher in classCdoing a chemical experimentDwatching news programmes on TV2、What does the underlined word “it

37、” in Paragraph 2 refer to?AClassroom. BNewspapers.CActive learning. DPassive learning.3、The game Rumor is mentioned in Paragraph 4 in order to tell readers that _.Aplaying games can make people more activeBpeople tend to like telling lies when playing gamesCa message may be changed when being passed

38、 onDpeople may have problems with their sense of hearing4、What can be inferred from the text?AScholars and authors cant be trusted.BPassive learning may not be reliable.CPeople like spreading rumors in daily life.DActive learning is more Important than passive learning.24（8分） According to Guglielmo

39、Cavallo and Roger Chartier, reading aloud was a common practice in the ancient world, the Middle Ages, and as late as the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. Readers were “listeners attentive to a reading voice,” and “the text addressed to the ear as much as to the eye.” The significance of reading

40、 aloud continued well into the nineteenth century.Using Charles Dickenss nineteenth century as a point of departure, it would be useful to look at the familial and social uses of reading aloud and reflect on the functional change of the practice. Dickens habitually read his work to a domestic audien

41、ce or friends. In his later years he also read to a broader public crowd. Chapters of reading aloud also abound in Dickenss own literary works. More importantly, he took into consideration the Victorian practice when composing his prose, so much so that his writing is meant to be heard, not only rea

42、d on the page.Performing a literary text orally in a Victorian family is well documented. Apart from promoting a pleasant family relationship, reading aloud was also a means of protecting young people from the danger of solitary（孤独的）reading. Reading aloud was a tool for parental guidance. By means o

43、f reading aloud, parents could also introduce literature to their children, and as such the practice combined leisure and more serious purposes such as religious cultivation in the youths. Within the family, it was commonplace for the father to read aloud. Dickens read to his children: one of his su

44、rviving and often-reprinted photographs features him posing on a chair, reading to his two daughters.Reading aloud in the nineteenth century was as much a class phenomenon as a family affair, which points to a widespread belief that Victorian readership primarily meant a middle-class readership. Tho

45、se who fell outside this group tended to be overlooked by Victorian publishers. Despite this, Dickens, with his publishers Chapman and Hall, managed to distribute literary reading materials to people from different social classes by reducing the price of novels. This was also made possible with the

46、technological and mechanical advances in printing and the spread of railway networks at the time.Since the literacy level of this section of the population was still low before school attendance was made compulsory in 1650 by the Education Act a considerable number of people from lower classes would

47、 listen to recitals of texts. Dickenss readers, who were from such social backgrounds, might have heard Dickens in this manner. Several biographers of Dickens also draw attention to the fact that it was typical for his texts to be read aloud in Victorian England, and thus literacy was not an obstacl

48、e for reading Dickens. Reading was no longer a chiefly closeted form of entertainment practiced by the middle class at home.A working class home was in many ways not convenient for reading: there were too many distractions, the lighting was bad, and the home was also often half a workhouse. As a res

49、ult, the Victorians from the non-middle classes tended to find relaxation outside the home such as in parks and squares, which were ideal places for the public to go while away their limited leisure time. Reading aloud, in particular public reading, to some extent blurred the distinctions between cl

50、asses. The Victorian middle class defined its identity through differences with other classes. Dickenss popularity among readers from the non-middle classes contributed to the creation of a new class of readers who read through listening.Different readers of Dickens were not reading solitarily and “

51、jealously,” to use Walter Benjamins term. Instead, they often enjoyed a more communal experience, an experience that is generally lacking in todays world. Modern audiobooks can be considered a contemporary version of the practice. However, while the twentieth and twentieth-first-century trend for in

52、dividuals to listen to audiobooks keeps some characteristics of traditional reading aloudsuch as “listeners attentive to a reading voice” and the ear being the focusit is a far more solitary activity.1、What does the author want to convey in Paragraph 1?AThe history of reading aloud.BThe significance

53、 of reading aloud.CThe development of reading practice.DThe roles of readers in reading practice.2、How did the practice of reading aloud influence Dickenss works?AHe started to write for a broader public crowd.BHe included more readable contents in his novels.CScenes of reading aloud became common i

54、n his works.DHis works were intended to be both heard and read.3、How many benefits did reading aloud bring to a Victorian family?A2.B1.C2.D3.4、Where could a London steel worker possibly have gone to for reading?AWorking place.BHis/her own house.CNearby bookstores.DTrafalgar Square.5、What change did

55、reading aloud bring to Victorian society?ADifferent classes started to appreciate and read literary works together.BPeople from lower social classes became accepted as middle-class.CThe differences between classes grew less significant than before.DA non-class society in which everyone could read st

56、arted to form.6、What is likely to be discussed after the last paragraph?ANew reading trends for individuals.BThe harm of modern audiobooks.CThe material for modern reading.DReading aloud in contemporary societies.25（10分） An unconventional new initiative(首创)in Canada will soon allow doctors to prescr

57、ibe art to their patientsby giving them free access to a local museum.Wandering through the Montreal Museum of Fine Arts(MMFA)，these patients and their loved ones will be able to feast their eyes on the peaceful collections of art.The initiative is the first of its kind in the world.And while you ce

58、rtainly cant replace a conventional treatment with a couple of paintings，the idea is for such“prescriptions”to assist a persons current treatment plan.Under the new program，members of the Francophone Association of Doctors in Canada(MFDC)will be able to hand out up to 50 prescriptions for their pati

59、ents.These prescriptions will be available for those with a wide range of mental and physical illnesses，and each of them will allow two adults and two children to visit the museum for free.“By offering free admission to a safe，welcoming place，a relaxing experience，a moment of relief，and an opportuni

60、ty to strengthen ties with loved ones，MMFAMFDC Museum Prescriptions contribute to the patients well-being and recovery，”explains a news conference from the MMFAIt may look a lot like a marketing effort for the museum but theres also increasing evidence that the display of visual art，especially if it