2022届江苏省南京市考前模拟训练（一）英语试题（解析版）

1、PAGE PAGE 7第页南京市2022届考前训练题（一）英 语 2022.5.20第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分)第一节（共15小题: 每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AWhen first-time visitors imagine California, one of the first things that come to mind is likely the beach. California offers hundreds of beaches to choose from. To help visitors d

2、ecide which coast to travel to, we have listed four beach towns California offers.LagunaOne glance at Laguna Beach can leave the viewers amazed at its beauty. Yet there is more to it than its good looks. Laguna features more than 100 art galleries and studios, which wont let viewers down. Summer is

3、Lagunas peak travel season when the majority of its yearly festivals take place. Winter will likely bring discounts, but you wont be able to swim at the beach.MontereyWhat Monterey lacks in swimmable shorelines it makes up for in breathtaking scenery. Monterey State beach is an underrated attraction

4、, offering 4 miles of quiet beach, where youll find relatively few beachgoers. Montereys central California location subjects it to mild temperatures during the winter, making Monterey an attractive destination year-round.PismoThis small beach town offers little to do other than beach activities, bu

5、t that isnt necessarily a bad thing. It offers outdoor activities throughout the year, including surfing, kayaking, surf fishing and swimming. Dont forget to see butterflies at Pismo Beach Monarch Butterfly Grove if youre in town between late October and late February. The best time to visit is duri

6、ng the fall, which offers warm temperatures.PfeifferAs an ideal place for photographers, Pfeiffer Beach impresses with its awesome surrounding cliffs and collection of rock formations. Keep in mind, though, that the beach is not safe for swimming due to its strong currents and underlying rocks. The

7、best time to visit is from September through November when the summer tourists have returned home.21. What distinguishes Laguna from the other three beach towns?A. Its various fun beach activities. B. Its plentiful galleries and studios.C. Its relatively less crowded beach. D. Its splendid and aweso

8、me scenery.22.For swimming lovers, which beach town is a good choice all year round?A. Laguna. B. Monterey. C. Pismo. D. Pfeiffer.23. Where can the text be found?A. In a travel brochure. B. In a Geography textbook.C. In a visitors journal. D. In a photography magazine.BJose Alberto Gutierrezs life w

9、ould never be the same again after finding a copy of Anna Karenina in the trash(垃圾) 20 years ago. It happened while he was driving his garbage truck through wealthier neighbourhoods and seeing books abandoned by the rich. It ignited his desire to start rescuing books from the trash. Eventually, he t

10、urned his book collection into a community library.In Colombias capital city of Bogota, libraries tend to be far away from poorer communities. The option of buying new books is non-existent for poor families and having access to a library of books is a luxury. Gutierrez grew up poor, and his family

11、could not afford to educate him beyond primary school. Nevertheless, his mother was a passionate reader and read stories to him every night. Her love for books left a deep impression on Gutierrez, who never let a lack of formal education stop him.Today, his community library, “The Strength of Words”

12、, occupies most of his home and is piled from floor to ceiling with fiction and non-fiction titles. Everything from school textbooks to storybooks can be found in his collection of over 20,000 books!The Strength of Words library is open every weekend, and children in Gutierrezs neighbourhood are all

13、owed to look through the book collection. Adults are also welcome to expand their vision and develop new skills for a better life.Today, the Gutierrez family doesnt merely want to start libraries in neighbourhoods. They want to create more safe spaces for school children to spend their time reading.

14、 This is important for kids living in Bogota where many young people waste time in the streets.Gutierrezs journey to give treasure back to his local community is an amazing example of how every one of us can improve the lives of those around us by identifying needs, investing time and finding a simp

15、le solution. How might we take a leaf out of Guticrrezs book?24.What does the underlined word “ignited” mean in paragraph 1?A. Satisfied. B. Ignored. C. Excited. D. Expressed.25. What do we know about Gutierrezs library?A. It aims to recycle and reuse the garbage.B. It is sponsored by wealthier comm

16、unities.C. It is in the charge of his passionate mother.D. It makes knowledge accessible to poor kids.26. What message does the last sentence convey?A. We should value Gutierrezs spirit of paying back.B. We can follow Gutierrezs example to help others.C. We should go to visit Gutierrezs library pers

17、onally.D. We can donate deserted books to Gutierrezs library.27.Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?A. From Trash to Treasure B. The Books of GutierrezC. From Home to Community D. The Strength of ReadingCA new gene editing procedure may provide doctors with a potential cure for b

18、oth anxiety and alcohol use disorders. Researchers say the treatment acts like a factory reset for the patients brain.Previous studies by the same team found that too much drinking during adolescence changes a persons brain chemistry in the region of the Arc gene, by decreasing Arc expression in the

19、 amygdala (杏仁核) affecting how people process emotions. When that occurs, it makes someone more likely to suffer from mental health issues and use alcohol too much during adulthood.The new study focused on reprogramming such changes to the brain at a genetic level. “It provides evidence that gene edi

20、ting is a potential antidote(解毒剂) to these effects, offering a kind of factory reset for the brain, if you will,” says Subhash Pandey, study senior author.Using the gene-editing tool CRISPR-dCas9, the team controlled the acetylation (乙酰化) and methylation (甲基化) processes in the Arc gene of lab rats.

21、These two processes play key roles in whether a gene is more or less likely to be activated within the person or animal. To start, researchers studied adult rats exposed to alcohol when younger. The team measured anxiety levels using behavioral exams and tracked the rats addiction to alcohol by givi

22、ng them two bottles to choose fromone with water and the other alcohol. When CRISPR promoted acetylation, rats Arc gene expression normalized. This also decreased anxiety and lowered the animals alcohol consumption. In their next experiment, study authors examined some rats without exposure to alcoh

23、ol when younger. They found that promoting methylation caused Arc expression to decrease, leading to an increase in anxiety and drinking.“This study not only helps us better understand what happens in brain developing when adolescents are exposed to alcohol but more importantly, gives us hope that o

24、ne day we will have effective treatments for anxiety and alcohol use disorder,” Pandey reports.28.What does “that” refer to in paragraph 2?A. The consumption of alcohol in adulthood.B. The decrease of chemistry in the amygdala.C. The control of emotions in ones adolescence.D. The change of brain che

25、mistry in Arc gene region.29.How does the new study get the results?A. By using chemical tools. B. By analyzing brain structures.C. By referring to previous studies. D. By doing experiments on animals.30.According to Subhash Pandey, _.A. Acetylation may relieve alcohol use disorderB. Gene editing ha

26、s a wide use in brain developmentC. Gene editing can save patients from chemical poisonsD. Methylation may contribute to the management of emotions31.What may be the purpose of the research?A. To recommend a factory reset. B. To help treat physical problems.C. To seek ways to improve mental health.

27、D. To persuade adolescents not to drink.DThe arts are an expression or application of human creativity and imagination. They help with young peoples development. Therefore, its important that all young people be exposed to the arts. They allow them to realize their potential through different forms

28、of the arts at a young age and encourage self-expression and creativity.Often, youths dont realize their potential due to the lack of exposure. If they arent exposed to the arts, they wouldnt even know they may have the talent or potential. If its discovered at an early age, they can gradually use t

29、heir potential through higher education in the arts. Some might even choose to pursue it as a hobby or an occupation in the long run. I started learning to play the piano at five and now, at 15, I have realized my interest and passion in piano which would have been unknown without exposure to it.Bes

30、ides, youths can express themselves through exposure to the arts. Facing stress from school or their personal lives, they can find a new channel through artistic expressions such as dance or painting. Some who find it hard to express themselves might choose to bottle it up, leading to many psycholog

31、ical problems such as depression.The arts also boost creativity. They let youths enhance their problem-solving skills by thinking out of the box. Researchers have found people tend to do something creative after engaging in the arts.However, some critics may argue the arts will distract youths from

32、studies. This has proven incorrect. A study in 2010 found that greater exposure to the arts led to higher graduation rates and test scores.In conclusion, the exposure of the arts to youths is important as it helps them recognize their capability in the arts and express their feelings and imagination

33、. We can do so by being exposed to the arts and being more willing to learn something new. This gives us endless opportunities to acquire new skills and become a better version of ourselves.32. What can we learn from paragraph 1?A. Youths cant get access to the arts without imagination.B. Young peop

34、le get exposed to music to become creative.C. The exposure to the arts makes for youths development.D. Human creativity is the consequence of learning the arts.33.The author mentions his experience of learning to play the piano to _.A. show his talent and potential in the artsB. indicate the choice

35、he made was correctC. prove the benefits of early exposure to the artsD. encourage readers to learn musical instruments early34.What does the underlined phrase in paragraph 3 probably mean?A. Refusing to admit ones own shortcomings.B. Drinking up a bottle of wine to erase anxiety.C. Locking oneself

36、up in a room for a long time.D. Avoiding sharing ones emotions with anyone.35. What does the last paragraph mainly say about youths exposure to the arts?A. Its appeal to the young. B. Its significance for youths.C. Chances of learning the arts. D. Wide recognition of its function.第二节 （共5小题: 每小题2.5分，

37、满分12.5分）阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。As a working mother, my years passed without time for relaxing. The kids have been out of the nest, and I have been retired. Now I could take some time for ME! 36 As a lifelong list maker, I did my research. There were relaxation activities like med

38、itation (冥想), exercise, socializing. I was determined to find the one thing that truly filled my soul. And so began my not-so-smooth journey to finding myself.Meditation was the first to come and go. I never fully understood how to shut my mind off. I always felt like I was just waiting for it to en

39、d. Next, I tried “Teatime as Me Time.” 37 I imagined sitting across from a dear friend, drinking elegantly from delicate cups, but that is as far as it ever went. I have the fancy tea set (never used) and a shelf full of tea packages that I will never consume. Exercise is a highly recommended me-tim

40、e activity. But for me, after a week or so of training, exercise time was killing me. 38 Many other me-time experiments left me wanting less of them, not more. I felt like a failure at this me-time thing. I could spend the whole morning watching the big, fuzzy bees in my garden. In those moments, ti

41、me stood still. 39 I discovered that I truly desired less emphasis on me altogether.Maybe the experts had this me-time thing all wrong, and it had little to do with “me” or “time” as I was defining it. Perhaps we are too concerned with how we spend our time instead of enjoying the nothing-ness of si

42、mply being. Instead of viewing it as a hesitation between activities, we can shift our awareness into welcoming timelessness. 40 Maybe a better version of “me time is simply “be time” . or, better yet, “bee time”!A. Taking the focus off myself was a relief.B. Of course, there were many possibilities

43、.C. At first, I was very enthusiastic about this.D. So, I eventually crossed these ideas off my list.E. Sitting around feeling special doesnt feel special to me.F. I still value all those busy years but I know I should learn to relax.G. Witnessing simple moments of nature re-centered my soul better

44、than anything else.第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节 (共15小题: 每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。I have a cupboard of coffee mugs (马克杯) above my coffeemaker. One day, the cupboard door opened and they 41 .Fortunately, nobody was 42 , and I just lost all coffee mugs. What was I to do? I neednt

45、have 43 . Coffee mugs are something of which everyone has 44 . All my friends had them, so everyone was willing to share their extra mugs. Soon, my repaired cupboard was 45 with various mugs. I was certainly 46 for the donated mugs, 47 some were totally different from what I would have chosen. So he

46、re was the strange thing I didnt 48 : I fell in love with them.The mug is such an attractive canvas (画布) for 49 .Many things can be put on a mug. My once boring cupboard was 50 into a rainbow of human experience.I also discovered there is something satisfying about drinking from a 51 mug. The faded(

47、褪色的) drawings and worn inside are comforting, like a worn T-shirt: something one can 52 into. Since much of my collection came from strangers, the cups contain many 53 If you come for coffee with me, you wont find it served in a neat new cup with a saucer that _ 54 it. Instead, youll get a unique ex

48、ample of human 55 .41.A.ran out B. broke down C. poured out D. rolled down42.A. disturbed B. hurt C. blamed D. lost43.A. worried B. complained C. explained D. struggled44.A. options B. favorsC. extras D. piles45.A. decorated B. filled C. equipped D. linked46.A. anxious B. ready C. fearful D. gratefu

49、l47.A.but B. soC. as D. or48.A. understand B. spotC. expect D. accept49.A. connection B. encouragement C. commitment D. expression50. A. mixed B. transformed C. thrown D. fitted51.A. delicate B. brand-new C. colorful D. second-hand52.A. relax B. change C. benefit D. stretch53.A. comments B. interest

50、s C. stories D. regrets54.A. connects B. matches C. holds D. protects55. A. need B. spirit C. relationship D. creativity第二节（共10小题:每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。The world is using clean energy. It 56 (specific) refers to energy produced from natural resources without creating environm

51、ental debt. It is hoped that using this type of energy might reduce greenhouse gas emission, 57 (make) a safer planet for all inhabitants.In reality, clean energy has 58 (it) problems too. For instance, wind farms can have a significant effect on local bird populations. 59 , these negative consequen

52、ces tend to be relatively small in comparison to petroleum or coal.An additional reason 60 it can be so desirable is that it tends to come from resources that are free. This is not the case 61 energy sources like oil. Most of oil fields 62 (locate) in Middle East. Those in favor of creating clean en

53、ergy sources say that 63 (independent) from oil in foreign countries prevents a host of international problems.Much remains to be done to figure out how to use renewable energy sources to their best advantage. One of the issues is 64 to transport collected energy from one place to another, since man

54、y places that produce this energy are in remote locations. Changing the power grid(电力网) 65 (accommodate) different sources of energy can help solve this problem, but this has yet to occur on a wide scale.第四部分写作（共两节, 满分40分)第一节 （满分15分)假定你是李华，你的英国笔友 Paul来信说想学做一道中国菜。请你给他写一封回信，内容包括:1.你的推荐; 2.推荐理由。注意:1.词数

55、应为80左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Dear Paul,Yours, Li Hua第二节 (满分25分)阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。Flora and her dad were going to move to a new house. Friday, a truck would come for the furniture. Then the next week, workers would dig up the yard. Where Flora and Papi had grown flowers, the workers

56、would put in a parking lot.“Our poor flowers, Flora sighed to herself, looking at the bright purple blooms and soft and green weed coming out of the soil. She sat outside, selling things she didnt want to take to the new house. Beside her hung a sign that said “Yard Sale. Her yard sale was the first

57、 one of the year on Apple Street, and several of her neighbors had come over to have a look.Papi came out. He held a dish piled high with nuts. Heres a snack for everyone, he said. Floras dad loved sharing things. Most of all he loved sharing jokes. He smiled when he saw Floras sign and winked (眨眼)

58、at the customers gathered around.“Yard sale? What are you selling yards of? Or meters of? he asked. Ribbons? Carpet? Cloth? Wheres your ruler?”“Not that kind of yard, joked Mrs. Ciro. It must be this nice grassy yard were standing on thats for sale.“How much for the weed by your sign? asked Mr. John

59、son, joking.Flora gave no response. She didnt think their jokes were funny. She felt extremely in low spirits at the thought that the lovely yard was already sold, and soon their poor flowers and weed would be ruined. Deader than a doorknob, Papis papi would say, she thought to herself bitterly, “Wh

60、ats worse, the new house doesnt have any flowers at all.With a sigh, Flora dug her heels deep into the grass. But when she felt the soft earth move under her heels, she knew what she could do.She whispered her clever plan to Papi. He nodded, smiling, and sat down in her seat instead.注意:1.续写词数应为150左右