2022届陕西省西安市长安区一中高三第五次模拟考试英语试题 听力

1、PAGE 13第页高三第五次教学质量检测英语试题 考试时间:120分钟 满分：150分第I卷（ 满分100分）第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节(共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1What does the woman think of Bob?AHonest. BHelpful. CTroublesome.2How are the speakers going to work?ABy taxi. BBy bus

2、. CBy subway.3Where will the woman live next year?AOutside the school. BIn the dormitory. CUnknown.4What is the relationship between the two speakers?AHusband and wife. BEmployer and employee. CWaiter and customer.5How much should the woman pay?A$20. B$72. C$90.第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每

3、段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6What does the woman want to do?AMake some copies. BBuy a copy machine. CUse the washing machine.7How can the woman learn to use the machine?ABy reading a post online. BBy learning from the

4、man.CBy reading the instructions herself.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8What does Richard plan to do during the summer vacation?AStart his own business. BWork in his fathers firm. CWash dishes in a restaurant.9What does Richard suggest the woman do?AFind the missing students.BHelp children with their study.CDesign

5、 advertisements for a newspaper.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10Who is probably the man?AA doctor. BA passenger. CA taxi driver.11Why is the man asking for help?ABecause a woman is seriously ill. BBecause a woman has been attacked.CBecause a woman is lost on the highway.12What should the man do next?AStay with t

6、he woman. BAsk someone else for help. CMove the woman to a safer place.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13Where does the conversation take place?AAt a garage. BIn a restaurant.CIn the womans office.14Where is the garage mentioned by the man?ANear the mans home. BNear the womans flat. CBeside the highway.15What day

7、is it today?AFriday. BSaturday. CSunday.16What can we learn from the conversation?AThe man told the woman a lie. BThe mans car broke down halfway.CThe woman forgave the man finally.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17What does the speaker do?AA lawyer. BA movie producer. CA radio announcer.18What did Billy Wilder f

8、irst do after leaving school?AHe became a reporter. BHe began making movies. CHe wrote movies in Germany.19How many Oscar awards did Billy Wilder win?ATwo. BSix. CFifteen.20How old was Billy Wilder when he died?A50. B80. C96.第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

9、ADont you have time for reading? If you are interested in non-fiction books, here are some good choices for you.A Room of Ones OwnThis essay by English writer Virginia Woolf is based on several lectures given to two womens colleges at Cambridge University in 1928. In the essay, Woolf describes that

10、its circumstance not talent alone, that allows men to be more successful at writing. Women, in other words, spend so much time cooking, cleaning, and tending to their children that they have no time left for art. To write well, therefore, a woman must have a “room of her own”. While on its surface,

11、this essay appears to be only about writing, it is actually about wealth and class, freedom and confinement, and the power struggle between sexes.The Art of WarWritten by ancient Chinese warrior Sun Tzu, The Art of War is widely considered to be one of the best books about military strategies in hum

12、an history. Consisting of 13 chapters, each dealing with a separate aspect about how to fight a war, the book has been translated into every major language and has thousands of editions. For centuries, it has been used to train world leaders for its detailed study of military strategies and effectiv

13、e leadership.Letter to My DaughterThis book of essays by Maya Angelou, a respectable African-American poet, is written for “the daughter she never had” the millions of women, both young and old, that she considers to be her “family”. From the viewpoint of a caring, older relative, this book contains

14、 lessons selected from her own life experiences, including the birth of her only child, a son, as well as the development and loss of friendship.A Brief History of TimeIf youre short of time, then why not read about, well, the creation of time? This book, first published in 1998 from brilliant scien

15、tist and mathematician Stephen Hawking, explores mind-bending questions about the creation of the universe, including if and when it will end, and if so, how. Despite its heavy subject matter, Hawking addresses these questions in a way thats easy to understand, even for those who know little about p

16、hysics.21. What can we learn about the four books?A. A Brief History of Time mainly focuses on the matter of time.B. Letter to My Daughter is actually a common family letter.C. The Art of War gives advice on how to be a world leader.D. A Room of Ones Own is more than about writing.22. What can be in

17、ferred from the passage?A. As a physicist, Hawking is equally famous in writing.B. Maya devotes herself to fighting for womens rights.C. The book by Sun Tzu is helpful in policy-making.D. Woolf looks down upon men in writing.23. What is the purpose of the passage?A. To make comparisons among the fou

18、r books.B. To recommend the four books to readers.C. To make comments on the four books.D. To promote sales of the four books.BHaving worked for more than a decade in finance in the oil industry in Canada, Tori Fahey found herself wanting more from life. But it wasnt through desperation that her cir

19、cumstances changed: “I didnt get fed up and storm off, nothing like that; it was curiosity about other interests and wanting to experience something new.”Fahey left her job and completed an MBA before setting up a move to New York to begin a degree. However, the opportunity of an open year between t

20、he MBA and the degree came up, and as a keen touring cyclist, Fahey realised that a much dreamed-about adventure was now becoming a possibility: The ride in Africa had been on my fantasy list. It was a moment when I realised that I could do anything, so I should.Fahey rode across Africa, a 7,500-mil

21、e trip that took four months. The whole experience had a life-changing impact. Fahey said: “Bicycles provide a literal freedom. You dont allow yourself to feel like that in everyday life because there are so many distractions. But when you re out on the bike and theres nothing else, you re really fr

22、ee to experience what life is.”Post-degree, Fahey worked on projects with the UNDP(United Nations Development Project) in Montenegro with the aim of bringing investment to rural communities. It was while working on these projects that the seeds were sown for the next new investment. “It was through

23、my trip across Africa that I discovered pannier and rack systems inconvenient and I was never going to use them again.” Little did she know this would lead her to start up her own company.In 2013, Apidura was born, producing storage solutions for people looking to travel the world by bike, race acro

24、ss continents and carry all they need to do so. Its now a successful global brand, but Fahey remains reflective about what else the company can do for people.24. Why did Fahey leave her job in Canada?A. She was bored with the job.B. She was disappointed with life.C. She wanted to add new dimensions

25、to her life.D. She found it hard to adjust to the circumstances.25. Which can best describe Faheys ride experience in Africa?A. Demanding. B. Liberating. C. Eventful. D. Dangerous.26. Why did Fahey launch Apidura?A. To encourage bicycle traveling.B. To make her investment profitable.C. To help cycli

26、sts carry traveling stuff.D. To increase the pleasure of riding bikes.27. What is the passage mainly about?A. A tough path to fame.B. An adventure across Africa.C. The benefits of green travelling.D. The story behind the birth of Apidura.CReading minds may not be simple, but it might be possible act

27、ually. What if a brain scan could reveal your memories? A team of British scientists recently just did thatthey used brain scans to look at spatial（空间的）memory in four people. Spatial memory is the kind of memory you use to remember where you are. You use spatial memory to remember how to get from yo

28、ur house to school. People build spatial memory as they explore a new city or a new building and take in information about their surroundings. The scientists asked each participant to sit down at a computer and wander through 3D rooms. These virtual rooms contained images of objects, like clocks and

29、 doors, so that the people could know where they were. Each person was encouraged to explore the virtual space. As the people became familiar with these rooms, their brains were taking notes of where things were, and how to get from one point to another. After observing these rooms, the participants

30、 were instructed to go to a specific location within the rooms. At this point, the scientists took pictures of the peoples brains using an instrument called FMRI（核磁共振成像） . As participants stared at the floor, the scientists took FMRI scans to measure brain activity. They repeated this process many t

31、imes. After a few repetitions, the scientists recognized the patterns in the participants brains. By looking at patterns on the brain scans, the scientists were able to read the spatial memory of the test subjects. This experiment shows that it is possible to use FMRI to gather some kinds of memorie

32、s from people. However, your secret thoughts and personal memories are safefor now. “It is not the case that we can put someone in a brain scanner and simply read his private thoughts,” said one of the scientists who worked on the project.28. What can we learn about spatial memory from the first par

33、agraph?A.It contributes to exploring a new subject.B. It lets you remember what has been done.C. It helps you memorize places where you are.D. It takes in information about new knowledge.29. Which of the following is the right order of the study?a. The scientists took photos of the brains with the F

34、MRI. b. The scientists read the spatial memory of the participants. c. The participants were asked to explore virtual rooms. d. The scientists repeated the process a few times.A. a, b, c, d B. c, a, d, b C. b, c, d, a D. c, d, a, b30. Why are our secret mind and private memories safe?A. Because FMRI

35、s cant gather any memory from people.B. Because scientists cant understand all pictures taken by FMRIs.C. Because FMRIs cant be completely reliable now.D. Because scientists cant read peoples thoughts directly.31. What does the passage mainly talk about?A. Spatial memory and FMRIs. B. What is spatia

36、l memory.C. How scientists can read peoples memories. D. A new kind of cameraFMRIs.DThis is the greatest mystery of our adult life: How can we spend all day typing at a computer and go home feeling exhausted? How could merely activating the small muscles of our fingers leave us worn out at the end o

37、f the day? What causes mental fatigue?“It is kind of a mystery, to be honest.” said Michael Inzlicht, a University of Toronto psychologist who studies self-control, motivation, and fatigue. But scientists do have some clues. There is a hypothesis for why we get so tired from work when were not physi

38、cally active. We get so tired because our motivation runs out. As we work on a task, we struggle to focus on it or eventually lose interest in it. We become less motivated to do the task. We become drawn to the things we want to do (browsing social media or reading music blogs, for instance) rather

39、than the things we have to do. Researchers in the UK published new evidence that finds some indirect evidence for the motivational model. This study tracked 100 nurses in the UK over two 12-hour shifts.Throughout the shifts, the nurses reported how fatigued they felt at regular intervals. They also

40、wore devices that monitored and tracked the amount of physical activity they were engaged in. When the researchers investigated what could possibly explain the fatigue, they found some interesting patterns. Heres the result: There was no connection between the amount of physical work the nurses did

41、and their feelings of fatigue. Instead, they found this small connection: The nurses who were least likely to feel fatigued from their work also felt the most in control of their work, and the most rewarded for it. These feelings may have boosted their motivation, which may have boosted their percep

42、tion of having energy.Inzlicht has also found evidence for the motivational model in his work. A few years ago, he and Carleton University psychologist Marina Milyavskaya monitored 159 students at McGill University in Canada for a week. “What was surprising to us was the biggest predictor of fatigue

43、, not whether they had self-control.” Inzlicht said. “Instead, the predictor was the number of temptations they felt.” “If youre typing at work, and if youre anything like me, you got a few browsers open. These lead to temptations,” he said. “Temptations make us less motivated to do our work, which,

44、 in turn, may make us tired.”And there may be an evolutionary reason for why our brains would do this. “As an organism, we need to meet multiple goals to survive.” Inzlicht explains. “Were not merely focused on finding food or pursuing our passions in life. We need to do all these things to be a hea

45、lthy, thriving species.” Because these multiple goals compete with one another (for our time), we need a mechanism sending signals. “Hey, stop doing that thing and do something else.” That mechanism, he suggests, could be fatigue.In this light, boosting our motivation to stay on a task could lead us

46、 to feel less fatigued.32. Why does the author ask so many questions in the first paragraph? A. To introduce a common phenomenon. B. To raise some questions that are appealing. C. To lead to the theme and attract attention. D. To show the authors concern of the problem.33. The underlined word “fatig

47、ue” in the passage could best be replaced by_. A. excitement B. tiredness C. health D. disability34. Which one is the hypothesis for why we are often feel exhausted after one-day work?A. We are drawn to others things we have to do.B. Lacking drive to finish a task leads to tiredness.C. Smaller amoun

48、t of physical activity makes us more tired. D. Better self-control can boost ones motivation to work.35. Which of the following may Inzlicht agree with? A. The person with strong self-control can get more reward from work. B. The one who are less motivated will be exposed to more temptations. C. Whi

49、le typing, we use little part of our muscle, which is more tiring. D. Typing with some browsers open will sometimes makes us more tired.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。At one point or another, youve probably heard someone speak with confidence on a topic that they actu

50、ally know almost nothing about. This phenomenon is known as the Dunning-Kruger effect. In a set of studies, researchers Justin Kruger and David Dunning asked participants to complete tests of their skills in a particular domain(领域). Then, participants were asked to guess how well they had done on th

51、e test. 36 This effect was most pronounced among participants with the lowest scores on the test. In other words, if someone knows very little about a particular topic, they may not even know enough about the topic to realize that their knowledge is limited. Importantly, someone may be highly skille

52、d in one area, but be influenced by the Dunning-Kruger effect in another domain. 37 If people who know very little about a topic think theyre experts, what do experts think of themselves? Interestingly, Dunning and Kruger found that although experts typically guessed their performance was above aver

53、age, they didnt realize quite how well they had done. They often make a different mistake: 38 What can people do to overcome the effect? Dunning and Kruger once had some of the participants take a logic test and then complete a short training session on logical reasoning. After the training, the par

54、ticipants were asked to assess how theyd done on the previous test. 39 As a result, the participants who scored in the bottom 25 percent lowered their estimate of how well they thought they had done on the initial test. In short, The Dunning-Kruger effect suggests that we may not always know as much

55、 as we think we do. 40 However, by challenging ourselves to learn more, we can work to overcome the effect. A. Researchers found that the training made a difference. B. They assume that everyone else is knowledgeable, too. C. This happens when people know much about a topic. D. They found that parti

56、cipants tended to overestimate their abilities.E. All of them had an accurate view of their performance.F. This means that everyone can potentially be affected by the Dunning-Kruger effect.G. In some domains, we may not know enough about a topic to realize that we are unskilled.第三部分 语言知识运用完形填空（共20小题

57、；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。We are at that time of year when students are crazily selecting courses for their upcoming year of university. I love getting to talk with first-year students about what 41 they want to take and what they hope to do with their degree in futu

58、re.Best of all, I love the students that come in well-prepared and 42 about all of the coursesthose students who say, “I cant choose, there are so many that sound interesting.” On the other hand, there are the few students that have not yet found their 43 and some that just dont seem to want to be h

59、ere at all. When I ask, “What courses are you most excited about taking?” and the 44 is, “Whatever course is the easiest.” I think, “Wow, you are to 45 a lot of lessons in the subject of life.”I learned those lessons when I was going into my second year of university. A friend of mine, Jeff, was a y

60、ear behind because he had been diagnosed with cancer and had been 46 intensive chemotherapy(化疗) during what should have been his first year. I spent many days up on the cancer 47 visiting Jeff.During my second year, Jeff was able to 48 his first year courses and on the days when he was 49 to it, he