彩色多普勒超声的临床应用2课件

1、澳大利亚热带雨林 HISTORY OF ULTRASOUND2D3D4DDepartment of Ultrasound Li Feng-hua彩色多普勒超声的临床应用 Ultrasonic diagnosisUltrasonic examination Ultrasonic examination has many advantages: 无创 non-invasive diagnosis technique 易操作 operated easily 无害 not dangeous and not harmful to the patients 短期内可重复检查 repeated many t

2、imes in the short period超声检查优势主要内容Main contents 胆囊、胰腺和肾脏 Gallbladder,pancreas and Kidney 子宫与胎儿显像Uterus and fetus胆囊和胰腺超声检查Gallbladder and PancreasUltrasonography(USG）of the normal gallbladder胆囊(gallbladder)Shape: pear-shaped（梨形）Size: 3 x 9 cm Wall thickness: 3 mm 胆腔内见胆泥Sludge in the gallbladder lumen

3、 急性胆囊炎的声像特征 Ultrasonography of acute cholecystitis 正常胆囊胆汁淤积sludge 急性胆囊炎的声像特征 Ultrasonography of acute cholecystitis 正常声像图胰腺(pancreas)大小 Size: head3cm, body2cm, tail 13cm胰管 Pancreatic duct:liver实质回声 echotexturre:homogeneous USG of the normal pancreas胰腺(pancreas)下腔静脉 the inferior vena cava (IVC)腹主动脉 a

4、orta (AO)肠系膜上动脉 superior mesenteric artery(SMA)脾静脉splenic vein (SV) 胰腺周围血管Pancreas and vasculature 急性胰腺炎(acute pancreatitis)胰腺增大Pancreas enlargement 胰腺回声减低Decreased pancreatic echogenicity胰周积液 Peripancreatic fluid collections 声像特征 Ultrasonography胰周积液 Perikidney fluid collections急性胰腺炎(acute pancreati

5、tis) 声像特征 Ultrasonography急性胰腺炎(acute pancreatitis) 声像特征 Ultrasonography低回声肿块hypoechoic mass胰管及胆道梗阻 obstruction of the pancreatic and biliary duct: 胰管及胆总管扩张dilated pancreatic duct and common bile duct 胆囊增大enlarged gallbladder胰腺癌(pancreatic cancer) 声像特征 Ultrasonography 胆道梗阻部位的诊断高位梗阻 upper obstruction

6、肝总管以上梗阻 obstruction of the common hepatic duct and superior part of it低位梗阻 lower obstruction 胆总管及壶腹部病变引起的梗阻 obstruction caused by diseases of CBD and Duodenal ampulla胰腺癌(pancreatic cancer)Kidney肾 脏肾脏(kidney)肾长径 lenth:average 11cm(range 913cm)肾实质呈低回声Parenchyma: hypoechic肾窦呈高回声Renal sinus: hyperechic肾

7、表面呈线状高回声Surface: hyperechic line 正常声像图 USG of normal kidney 肾窦内结石呈强回声伴声影strong echo in the renal sinusacoustic shadow 肾结石(kidney stone) 声像特征(USG）肾盂积水(Hydronephrosis)肾窦扩张呈液性暗区dilated renal sinus 1cm(collecting system):anechoic spacemild hydronephrosismoderate hydronephrosismarked hydronephrosis 声像特征(USG）肾盂积水(Hydronephrosis)肾盂积水(Hydronephrosis) 声像特征 （ USG ）肾囊肿(kidney cyst)边清壁薄液性暗区伴后方回声增强anechoic lumenclear wall