2021年浙江高考英语复习练习讲义：专题一名词、代词和冠词

1、第一部分语法知识专题一 名词、代词和冠词探考情 悟真题【考情探究】考点考向2019-062018-112018-06 考情分析2017-112017-061. 名词和动词、形容词等之间的词性转换connection(s)weight(weigh)monthscarrots名词2. 名词的单数和(connect)women(woman)dishes(dish)(month)(carrot)复数3. 名词的所有格1. 不定代词2. 物主代词3. 指示代词代词4. 人称代词them(they)ittheir(they)myself(I)5. 疑问代词6. 反身代词7.it 的用法1. 定冠词冠词2.

2、 不定冠词theana3. 零冠词预测热度分析解读 目前高考对词汇运用的直接考查, 主要集中在语篇填空题型中。而间接的考查则体现在写作中 , 不论是应用文写作还是读后续写和概要写作 , 以上三类词汇都起着非常重要的作用。一、名词根据上下文判断是否用名词 , 是否用名词的复数形式。 因此考生一定要掌握名词复数形式的构成规则。根据所给的同根词 , 写出相应的名词。 因此考生要掌握英语单词的基本构词法。 与名词有关的词性转换将是考查的热点。同时特别注意既有词性转换, 又有复数形式的考查方式。有可能考查在无提示词的情况下根据语境写出适当的名词。这类词一般都是固定结构或上下文有明确的提示。因此考生要掌握

3、含有名词的一些固定词组。这类题设题的难度较大, 近几年都没有涉及, 但是 ,考生还是应当做好必要的准备。二、代词根据上下文语境写出合适的代词。根据所给的同根词 , 写出合适的代词形式。因此考生要掌握英语代词的各种形式之间的转换规则。三、冠词根据上下文的逻辑关系选择合适的定冠词或不定冠词。 在此类考查中 , 名词实际上起着主要的作用。 所 以要重点研究与设空处相关的名词。从以上考查方式中可以看出 , 对这三种词类的考查, 主要集中在对上下文的理解上面。因此, 读懂句子、读懂上下文、抓住上下文的主旨是这类题目的解题关键。破考点 练考向【网络清单】名词个体名词：dog,chair,child,wom

4、an 等可数名词集体名词：class,family,people 等普通名词分类物质名词：water,tea,oil,air等不可数名词抽象名词：attention,love,pride,fun等专有名词：America,China,John 等单数名词变复数名词的常用规则有生命的人或物的所有格：Tom and Helen s parents，c表示时间、自然现象、度量衡、金额、国家或城市的名词的所有格 stwo years time,an hour s ride名词所有格()，s所有格的构成规则of 一般用于表示无生命的东西的所有格：the window ofthe house双重所有格：表

5、示其中之一或其中一部分，突出局部： a friend of Tom s, any work of Mo Yan s作主语:Mr. Smithwas born in Canada.作宾语:Johnsonis reading anovelin his study.名词的句法功能作表语:She is a lovelygirl.作定语:She is afootballplayer.作补语:Everyone elected himmonitor.名词构词法(构成名词的后缀)人1工N主格 ,匈*35v.iT.Rc/bcy）在句中作主而“宣格，me d you h him： b her, it, un b

6、ihcm）fF 句中作片:ih 衷谙物;；JTI形容词性物主代词c mX ynur.hh, her, our/hei门在名词前作定语恒I名词性物主代词C fniMiuni,hEhF,it!i.ourF；.thET相当于“形容同性物主代词+名词在句中作主语.宾语、表语 耳工式：mx self, yuurst If, himx:lfT herw： If, itic If. ourselve;i, ynursc ves, themsc Ives 用法:宾谓、表语,同他话Yiuj will have to sen: lI he t）“ gt）ne tu school fur .oumdf. （ jij

7、l ）反身代词J含有反身代腐的习情用请The cuntpukr m叩、hut 口及 f itself. （ fl Nj 地） Id like r Hhi hinull.Would yem hIi;tw me a larger pair?（更的）T| i 后-t uWul 阮向naiy冠词的活用二它是最需用的字典口 （ 金小三者或-:舞以上中最的Il i m nnM iful dktinnury,1 u very） 它是二Tir常有用的字哩序-气同前社词的活旧It is the semnd time that he has. visited the city. 这是他带三次参侬个城市,1表示次序

8、）Can you give me a second charire?伸脑再给我一次机会蚂？（又一,再-）乐器名词前冠词的活用He is playing the piajin-（西洋乐器前加 the）He i.h pEfing gi bcmiywcd pijmL西洋乐器被当作普通名词使用时.叮与不定制词连用）He likei 10 phy frfra.（中国乐器前不加习词iword, man前的过词活册Fur j long time they walked without siiying a *皿 jrd Jim 格心 thu Hrsc to break iiw silence.（谭nrd作-通

9、词.由”巾.为普通名词.根据而要与相应的不定冠祠左用j Wurd collie That J 曲g HtidEd at huiiic.乙嬴作消息.信息H讲.马零号词专用）He 讪 g difficult mmi 1 deal with.（2心产男人.人“讲.为普通名词.根据需要与相应的不定冠词连用）Scsmc people drink gn ch coiquermm 作人类 1讲.需与多冠词连用）【考点集训I】考点一名词I.The（possible）that there is life on other planets in the universe has alwaysinspired sc

10、ientists to explore the outer space.答案 patience2.Try to understand what s actually happening instead of acting on the (assume)you ve made.答案 assumption3.The disappearance of dinosaurs is not necessarily caused by astronomical incidents. But alternative(explain)are hard to find.答案 explanations4.It is

11、 important to pay your(electric)bill on time, as late payments mayaffect your credit.答案 electricity5.Some schools will have to make (adjust) in agreement with the national soccer reform.答案 adjustment/adjustments6. 一 Go and say sorry to your mom,Dave.一 Id like to,but I m afraid shewon t be happy with

12、 my(apologize).答案 apology/apologies7.One of the most effective ways to reduce(stressful)is to talk aboutfeelings with someone you trust.答案 stress.He gave himself a new name to hide his (identify)when he went to carry out the secret task.答案 identity.Her(motivate)for writing was a desire for womento g

13、et the right to higher education.答案 motivation.Whenever I made mistakes,the teacher pointed them out with(patient).Without proper treatment, minor(injure)or burns could lead to moresuffering and even loss of lives.答案 injury/injuries.While she was in Paris,she developed a(tasty)for fine art.答案 taste.

14、My first(impress)of him was that he was a kind and thoughtful young man.答案 impression.Three months later,Jesse was able to communicate happily with all his classmates about regular things like homework and(game).答案 games.You d better write down the phone number of that restaurant for future (refer).

15、答案 reference.Your(perform)as a student will be excellent if you develop a habit of reflecting on how you learn.答案 performance.They were the kind that I did not have in my(collect)so I placed themcarefully in my bag.答案 collection.For sustainable development, the government has decided to give(prefer)

16、to those energy-conserving and environment-friendly businesses in many aspects.答案 preference.Due to the (apply)of this medical technology,some diseases can be treated at an early stage.答案 application考点二代词n many ways, the education system in the US is not very different frominthe UK.答案 that.The quali

17、ty of education in this small school is better than in somelarger schools.答案 that.How would you likeif you were watching your favorite TV program and someonecame into the room and just shut it off without asking you?答案it.The meeting will be held in September,butknows the date for sure.答案 nobody.To w

18、arm himself,the sailor sat in front of the fire rubbing one bare foot against the.答案 other.Niki is always full of ideas,butis useful to my knowledge.答案 none.Susan made clear to me that she wished to make a new life for herself.答案it8.A smile costs ,but gives much.答案 nothing/littlen some countries,peo

19、ple eat with chopsticks,while in ,knives and forks.答案 others.An average of just 18.75 cm of rain fell last year,makingthe driest yearsince California became a state in 1850.答案it.You can ask anyone for help.here is willing to lend you a hand.答案 Everyone/Everybody12.I d appreciateif you could let mekn

20、ow in advance whether or not you willcome.答案it13.She d lived in London and Manchester,but she likedand moved toCambridge.答案 neither14. When shall I call,in the morning or afternoon?一 .I ll be in all day.答案 Either15.This is 18-year-old Musa Bockarie s story about how first aid saved (he)life.答案 his16

21、.Studying Wendy s menu,I found that many of the items are similar toofMcDonald s.答案 those17.The traffic on the main streets has a longer green signal than on the small ones.答案 that18.Sarah made to the airport just in time to catch her plane this morning.答案it19.During the rush hour, I have been looki

22、ng for a taxi buthaven t found yet.答案 onet s an either-or situation we can buy a new car this year or we can go on holiday but we can t do .答案 both考点三冠词. prize for the winner of the competition istwo-week holiday inParis.答案 The;a.Jane s grandmother had wanted to write a children s book for many year

23、s,but one thing or another always got inway.答案 the3.I just heard bank where Dora works was robbed by gunman wearing a mask.答案 the;a4. more learned a man is,more modest he usually becomes.答案 The;the5.Brian is gifted in writing music;he is very likely to be Beethoven.答案 a6.Life is like ocean:Only the

24、strong-willed can reach the other shore.答案 an7.I can t tell you way to the Wilsons because we don t have Wilsonhere in the village.答案 the;a8.It was cold winter night and the moon was shining brightly across the nightsky.答案 a.People develop a preference for a particular style of learning at early age

25、 and these preferences affect learning.答案 an.Animals are obviouslylower form of life than humans.答案 a.Four and half hours of discussion took us up to midnight,and a break for cheese,choc01ate and tea with sugar.答案 a.Marco Polo is said to have sailed onPacific Ocean on his way to Java inthirteenth ce

26、ntury.答案 the;the.Sarah looked atfinished painting with satisfaction.答案 the.He missed gold in the high jump,but will get second chance in the long jump.答案 the;a.The Smithsdon t usually like staying at hotels,but last summer they spent afew days at a very nice hotel by sea.答案 the.We are said to be liv

27、ing in Information Age, time of new discoveries and great changes.答案 the;a【三年模拟】A组 20182020年模拟基础题组考点一名词.(2020 届浙江杭州三校联考 ,52)They were asked whether they had experiencedconflict or (tense)with somebody that day.答案 tension.(2020 届浙江东阳中学模拟 ，56)There are video cameras on street(corner),vehicles and our

28、own front doors.答案 corners.(2020 届浙江 9+1 联盟，63)Last month, two nurses in Beijing were placed under punishment for putting(lock)on two shared bikes.答案 locks.(2020 届浙江高中联盟，60)Since 1994, when Chinese government lifted along-standing ban on all foreign films, the(grow)in China s box office hastranslate

29、d into huge profits for US studios.答案 growth.(2019 浙江名校联盟二模，65)People have used secret (code) throughout history to protect important information.答案 code(s).(2019 浙江绿色评价联盟，63)All in all, the engineering advancements used toconstruct these super tall buildings can turn one maH s dream into (real).答案

30、reality.(2019 浙江稽B日联考，59)Calligraphy has influenced the world widely and has evenbeen introduced to many neighboring(country).答案 countries.(2019 浙江杭高分校模拟，65) (explore) of the Moon did continue after the astronauts left, but by robots instead of people.答案 Exploration(s).(2018 浙江杭州一模，59)She thought sh

31、e would be one of the best known(face) on the cinema screen throughout the world.答案 faces.(2018 浙江金丽衢一模，60)I considered these characters to be more significantthan(letter).答案 letters考点二代词.(2020 届浙江七彩阳光联盟 ，65)For some, cash is just what they know about.For , cash is not a necessity especially when go

32、ing digital is another alternative.答案 others.(2020 届浙江杭州八校，64)Over time,she slowly gained (they) trust.答案 their.(2020 届浙江高中联盟，65)With the maturity of China s economy, global players find (they)having a shrinking share of the growing market.答案 themselves.（2020 届浙江湖丽衢三地市联考，63）We are so blessed. People

33、 from all over thecountry come to（we） aid.答案 our.（2019 浙江杭州一模，65）Many desired purchases now lie as ruined possessions in myhome coated in dirt. The desire for（they） has disappeared with the gettingof them.答案 them.（2019 浙江杭高分校模拟,62） ESA s idea isn t just to make the spaceships（they） but also to work

34、with other businesses on Earth.答案 themselves.（2019 河南三门峡一中模拟 ,62）We should know that the education system in the USis very different from in China.答案 that.（2019 浙江黄岩一模,43）He wanted to show how easywas to use the fork.答案it.（2019 安徽江淮名校 11 月，47）And a 1955 US ad advised mothers to mix the sugary softdr

35、ink with（they）baby s milk.答案 their.（2018 浙江宁波 5 月模拟,56）When we think about our daily habits and how affect the environment, we often focus on how much water we use.答案 they考点三冠词1.（2020 届浙江七彩阳光联盟，56）The most recent figures show coins and notes are usedjust 34% of a time, down from 63%decade ago.答案 a.（

36、2020 届浙江杭州八校联考 ，60）Jane worked as waitress until she got enough money to travel there in 1957.答案 a.（2020 届浙江绍兴 11 月联考，57）Statistics show that nearly 20% ofoxygenproduced by the Earth s land comes from the Amazon rainforest.答案 the.（2019 浙江名校协作体，61）Probably the safest place you can be inearthquakeis i

37、n a tall building.答案 an.（2019 浙江杭州模拟 ，56）Memories of past events provide us with a wide range of thoughts and emotions. Childhood memories often openwindow to laugh andcry.答案 a.（2019 浙江杭高分校模拟，59） This was first time anyone had walked on the surface of another world.答案 the.（2019 浙江椒江联考,56）One day the

38、ir next-door neighbor,retired womanteacher, gave the girl a very beautiful snow-white dress.答案 a.(2018 浙江名校联盟二模，57)The square before the temple became very muddy as result of the rain.答案 a.(2018 浙江台州一模，62)It is not difficult to do it andfollowing examplemay make this point clear.答案 theB组 20182020年模拟

39、综合题组Passage 1（综合填空）Mary was a good student in the university and she wanted to be a teacher after1 (graduate). When she graduated, she had a job interview in a high school, but she had no luck.“I noticed a tiny hole in one of my2 (stocking)earlier, she recalls.“But I knewI d be late if I did3(someth

40、ing)about it. By the timeI got tothe interview,it was bigger thanbefore.I walked in, apologizing4 notlookingat 5 best. Her friend told her the school s comment was, “If someone doesn t spend time dressing herself to present her best 6 (appear)at an interview, what kind of teacher is she going to be?

41、In 7 job interview, personal appearance is very important. After all, you are selling yourself to an employer. Whengoing to a job interview, you should brush your hair tidy, and above all, dress8 properly.If you are viewed positively within 9 critical first four minutes, the person you ve met will p

42、robably feel everything you do is positive. If you leave the interviewer a bad impression, he will guess youhave a lot of other unsatisfactorycharacters. Most employers believe that those who care about themselves will care more about 10 jobs.1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.答案.graduation 2.stockings7.the5.kniv

43、es3.something4.for5.my6.appearance7.a8.yourself9.the10.theirPassage 2(用所给词的适当形式填空)It was late at night.Two1 (German)were sleeping in their room when,one ofthem,Mrs.Green,was woken up and found a thief slipping into their room to try his(lucky).She had three thousand 3 (dollar)in her pocket. What sho

44、uld I do? Many 4 (thief)usually bring5 (knife)with them, she thought in 6(silent).And at the same time the thief happened to touch a sports suit.It seemed as if he found there was someone in the room,so he went out to the next room where two 7 (Frenchman)were sleeping.When he was looking for8 (money)or some 9(jewel)in the next room,Mrs.Green woke up her husband quickly and called