高考英语大二轮讲义：专题一+语法填空+第二部分+第四节+Word版含解析

1、英语学习讲义好好努力梦想终会实现 第四节形容词和副词Scientists have responded by noting that hungry bears may be congregating（聚集）around human settlements, leading to the illusion（错觉）that populations are（high） than they actually are.（2019 全国 I-） 答案 higher解析 考查形容词的比较级。根据其后的than they actually are”可知，此处用形容词的比较级，故填higher。Accordin

2、g to a review of evidence in a medical journal , runners live three years （long） than non-runners.（2018 全国 I ）答案 longer解析 考查副词的比较等级。句中的 than是比较级的标志，故填 10ng的比较级longer。.That makes her baby scream, and then a 400-pound male appears.He screams I the I （loud） of all 1.（2018 全国 m）答案 loudest解析考查副词的比较等级。由空前

3、的the以及空后的of all可知要用最高级。There could be an even （high） cost on your health.（2018 月浙江）- 6 答案 higher解析考查形容词的比较级。副词even+比较级”表示“更”，强调程度。Even (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up.(2017 全国 I )答案 worse解析考查副词的比较级。根据语境可知，此处表示程度的加深，所以用比较级形式。evenworse更糟的是，可以看作固定搭配。Sixteen years(early), Pahlsson

4、 had removed the diamond ring to cook a meal.(2017 用浙江)答案 earlier解析考查副词的比较级。sixteen years earlier意为“早在16年前“。技法指导-提示词为形容词或副词，根据语境和句意，如果不需要改变词性和含义的话，则需要填该词的比较级或者最高级。.比较级的标志词填空处后有than,用比较级。如果有 as,则用原级。填空处前有 even, much, far, rather, a little , bit 及倍数(twice , three times)等,用比较级。.最高级的标志词填空处后有of all/among

5、等表范围，用最高级。填空处前有one of the, the +序数词，定冠词 the,则用最高级。.固定句型the +比较级.，the+比较级.越越比较级+ and+比较级 越来越否定词+比较级=最高级“(倍数)+ as+原级+ as”结构 more than + adj.表示 “非常”4 .比较级最高级的不规则变化good/well better bestbad worse worstbadly worse worstmany/much more mostlittle less leastfar farther farthest （指距离）/far further furthest （指距

6、离和抽象概念 ）It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been（poor） studied.（2019 全国 I-）答案 poorly解析考查副词用法。根据句意和句子结构分析可知，此处副词poorly修饰谓语动词has beenstudiedo 故填 poorly。. Her years of hard work have （final） been acknowledged after a customer nominated（提名）her to be

7、Cheshire; s Woman Of The Year.（2019 全国 n ）答案 finally解析考查副词用法。根据空格所处位置可知，此处应用副词形式作状语，修饰谓语动词havebeen acknowledged,意为“最终得以认可”，故填finally oThey also shared with us many traditional stories about Hawaii that were （huge） popular with tourists.（2019 全国出）答案 hugely解析考查副词。空格处单词修饰形容词popular,应用副词形式，huge的副词形式为hug

8、ely,故填 hugely。(recent), caffeine has found its way into orange , apple, and other flavored drinks.(2018 1M 浙江)答案 Recently解析 考查副词。句意为：最近，咖啡因已经进入了橙汁、苹果汁和其他风味饮料。此处单独作状语用副词。故填 Recently。When the children are walking or cycling to school on dark mornings , car drivers can (easy)see them.(2019 月浙江)答案 easil

9、y解析 考查副词。分析句子结构可知，设空处所给词修饰动词see,修饰动词要用副词，因此，用easy的副词形式，故填 easily。A taste for meat is (actual) behind the change.(2018 全国 n ) -答案 actually解析考查词性转换之形容词变副词。修饰动词用形容词actual的副词形式actually oSteam engines were used to pull the carriages and it must have been (fair) unpleasantfor the passengers, with all the

10、smoke and noise.(2017 全国 n ) 答案 fairly解析 考查词性转换之形容词变副词。所填词修饰形容词unpleasant,故用fair的副词形式fairly。It is (certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal. (2017 全国 m )-答案 certainly解析考查词性转换之形容词变副词。此处应该用副词来修饰形容词fun ,故填形容词certain的副词形式certainly o技法指导-.根据句意和句子结构，判断是填形容词还是副词。原则唯一：形容词修饰名词或者代词副词修饰动词、形容词或者副词.如果确定

11、需要填副词，要注意形容词变副词的规律。一般情况：直接加lyquick fquicklybravefbravelyimmediate f immediately大多数“辅音字母+ e”结尾的形容，直接加lyunfortunate f unfortunatelyabsolutef absolutelyattractivefattractively“辅音字母+ y”结尾的形容词要变y为i再加lyhappyfhappilyheavyf heavilysteady- steadily以-al结尾的形容词，变副词直接加lytypical ftypicallyeventualf eventuallyocca

12、sionalfoccasionallynormal fnormallygradualf gradually“辅音字母+ le”结尾的形容词，去 e加ysimple fsimplygentlefgentlycomfortable f comfortablypossiblefpossiblyreasonable- reasonablyprobablefprobably特殊 trueftruly以-ll结尾只加yfull fully dull dully以-ic结尾加allybasics basicallyscientific fscientifically automaticfautomatica

13、lly特别注意whole fwhollyshyfshylydry 一 drylygoodfwellhard既是形容词又是副词hardly是副词意为几乎不fair adj.公平的，头发浅色的，皮肤白的，美丽的，相当的n.集市fairly adv.相当地,公平地，竟然以-ly结尾的形容词：friendly , lovely , lively , lonely , deadly, likely , monthly , yearly, daily , weekly , neighbourlyOn our way to the house , it was raining hard that we co

14、uldn t help wondering howlong it would take to get there.（2019 全国 出）答案 so解析 考查副词。句意为：在我们去那座房子的路上，雨下得如此大以至于我们禁不住想还要多久才能到达那里。sothat意为如此以至于”，引导结果状语从句。 故填so。技法指导-.形容词修饰名词或者代词。.副词修饰动词、形容词或者副词本身。.尤其关注 so+adj./adv.+that”句型。增分训练增分单句训练I .单句语法填空Internet users have(broad) welcomed the move , saying this is a b

15、lessing for Chinese students who want to enter Cambridge.答案 broadly解析此处应该用副词修饰动词welcome,所以用broadly。They are pretending to keep a healthy and wise attitude toward failure (simple) because they re incapable of succeeding.答案 simply解析 此处需要副词修饰整个原因状语从句。simple变成副词需要去e加y,故填simply。“I think AI is going to be

16、 (great) important for what we do , said Jon Snoddy, an official of the entertainment company.答案 greatly解析此处需要修饰形容词important,所以需要用副词形式，即 greatly。Just take a look at a recent study where researchers found that the front pockets on women s jeans are 40 percent(short) and 6.5 percent narrower than thos

17、e on men s.答案 shorter解析根据后面的than及and后面的平行结构narrower可知，此处应该用比较级，故填 shorter。China has splendid culture with a long history.Chinese opera is one of the (old) dramatic art forms in the world.答案 oldest解析 第二句句意为：中国戏曲是世界上最古老的戏剧艺术形式之一。此处是“one of + the+最高级+名词复数”结构。所以此处用最高级oldest。However, it could lead to a m

18、uch (deep) understanding of how we all remember the world around us.答案 deeper解析 a much deeper understanding一个更深入的了解，much用来修饰 deep的比较级。故填deeper。Scullin found students who slept more performed (well) in two different classes , and he published his findings in two academic publications last November.答案

19、 better解析 句意为：斯卡利林发现，睡眠较为充足的学生在两个不同的课程中表现得更好，并且在去年11月，他在两份学术刊物上发表了自己的研究结果。由 “more”可知，这实际上是睡眠较为充足的学生与睡眠不足的学生在课程表现中的对比，所以用well的比较级betteroI made life-long friends and had many (last) memories. 答案 lasting解析此处需要用形容词修饰名词memories。last可以由动词变为形容词lasting,表示“持久的”。n .易错练习Honolulu has(many) pedestrians hit in cr

20、osswalks than almost any other city in America.答案 more解析 由than可知，用 many的比较级 more。(sure) red will always be a beloved color for designers, and red shoes have also become a choice for many supermodels.答案 Surely解析副词修饰整个句子，故填 Surely oThe (easy) way to get involved in Red Nose Day is to wear a red nose!答

21、案 easiest解析 句意为：参加红鼻子日最简单的方法就是戴上红鼻子。根据 the以及句意可知应填形容词最高级easiestCornwall has its own treasures too-pretty villages and towns such as St Ives and Mousehole line the coastline, and make for the perfect locations to spend those (relax) summer afternoons!答案 relaxing解析 修饰 summer afternoons用-ing 形容词，故填 rel

22、axing o增分写作训练形容词、副词在写作中的应用To be .honest:, I have once won first prize in the Oral English Competition , which , as a consequence, proves my ability.(2019 全国 I )fHonestly speaking, I have once won first prize in the Oral English Competition , which consequently proves my ability.As far as I am concer

23、ned , you are more competitive than anyone else , which will be of .benefit . to us.(2019 全国 n)fAs far as I am concerned, no one can be more competitive than you, which will be beneficial to us.There will be all . kinds .of.performances , including Chinese music and pop music made by the teenagers,

24、which will leave a deep impression on the audience.(2019 全国 出)f There will be various performances , including traditional Chinese music and original pop music made by the teenagers, which will definitely be impressive.强化练（五）I .语法填空A(2019湖南高三六校联考)Twenty-five years ago , most young British people wan

25、ted a career in law , to be a doctor, or to take up singing.But today , things stand 1.(different).According to a recent survey , the “dream job“ of young people 2.(age) between 16 and 25 in the UK is a video blogger , or “vlogger(视频博主)”.The survey, carried out among 1,002 people , found that over 4

26、0% of them put vlogger as their number one choice on a list of dream 3.(career).The change is largely due to the rapid development of information technology (IT) . The Internet and social media have made it 4. (easy) and more convenient to reach a global audience, without having to enter a career in

27、 show business in the traditional way.“In the past, the biggest stars 5.(make) by the Hollywood studios ; now, anyone with a computer camera may become a star, said Phil Samuels,6. expert from the UK. ”From fashion to comedy , these self-made stars interact online with their fans about everyday life

28、. ”However, what people see 7(be) only the bright side of being a vlogger and they ignore the fact 8 only those who are successful can gain fame and fortune.Actually,9. every success there are a hundred others who never get off the starting block.This is why some young people still show 10. (prefer)

29、 for traditional jobs.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。如今，随着信息技术的发展，年轻人最理想的职业是红”。其实，他们忽视了这样一个事实：在“网红”成功的背后，更多的是没有成功的人。.答案 differently解析 考查副词。空处修饰动词 stand,故用副词形式。.答案 aged解析考查非谓语动词。分析该句结构可知，动词age和其逻辑主语young people之间为动宾关系，故用其过去分词形式作后置定语。.答案 careers解析 考查名词的单复数。career为可数名词，且结合该句中的a list of”可知，此处表示多种职业，故用 career的复数形式careers。

30、.答案 easier解析考查形容词的比较级。根据该句中的and more convenient可知，空处与之并列，也用比较级。.答案 were made解析 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据该句中的时间状语“In the past”可知，此处描述发生在过去的事，故用一般过去时；根据该句中的“by the Hollywood studios ”可知，该句主语the biggest stars和动词make之间为被动关系，故用被动语态；主语为复数形式，故 用 were made。.答案 an解析考查冠词。根据语境可知，该处泛指“一位来自英国的专家”，故用不定冠词；expert的发音以元音音素开

31、头，故用an。.答案is解析 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，该句主语为what people see”,是what引导的主语从句，故谓语动词用单数；该句句意为：然而，人们所看到的仅是视频博主 光鲜的一面，忽视了只有成功者才能得到名气和财富这一事实。根据句意可知，该句陈述的是一般事实，故用一般现在时，故填 is。.答案 that解析 考查同位语从句。分析该句结构可知，空处引导同位语从句，说明抽象名词“fact”的具体内容，故用that引导该同位语从句。.答案 for解析 考查介词。“实际上，对于每个成功者而言，有上百名其他人还没有起步”。根据语境可知，此处应用介词for 对来说”。

32、. 答案 preference解析 考查词形转换。分析该句结构可知，空处作及物动词show的宾语，故用名词形式。该句句意为：这就是一些年轻人仍然喜欢传统工作的原因。BIn the past few years , more than half of bookstores in China have closed down,11. is the result of the 12.(compete) with online bookstores.But the success of Sisyphe Bookstore , one of the 13.(big) privately-owned bo

33、okstore chains in China , may serve 14. a great example.15.(found) in 1993 , Sisyphe started to transform and upgrade its business in 2009 to seek its profitability.Now , it not only devotes itself to 16. (sell) books , but combines the functions of the bookstore, cafe and the sale of 17.(create) cu

34、ltural products.Sisyphe opens its bookstores in shopping malls in order to take advantage of the large number of consumers of shopping malls to sell its books , and it also 18.(able) people to enjoy spending time reading and drinking coffee.In return, bookstores have improved the cultural atmosphere

35、 of shopping malls , so 19. is mutually beneficial to have such cooperation.So far, the government 20.(offer) tax reduction for bookstores to encourage the development of physical bookstores.Perhaps it is early to say the boom of physical bookstores has come, but definitely , we see the turning poin

36、t to them.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国实体书店的现状及西西弗书店的发展历程。.答案 which解析 考查定语从句的关系词。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前面的整个句子，且从句中缺少主语，所以用 which引导该从句。.答案 competition解析 考查词形转换。根据语境以及空前的定冠词“the”可推知，此处应用 compete的名词形式 competition, 表示 竞争。.答案 biggest解析 考查形容词的最高级。 根据空前的one of the和空后的bookstore chains in China及语境可推知，此处应用big的最高级形式

37、。.答案 as解析 考查固定用法。serve as用作，充当，为固定搭配，此处表示西西弗书店是一个很好的例子。.答案 Founded解析考查非谓语动词。根据语境并分析句子结构可知，found与其逻辑主语Sisyphe之间为动宾关系，故用其过去分词形式作状语。.答案 selling解析 考查非谓语动词。devote oneself to sth.“致力于某事中的to为介词，介词后面应接动名词形式，故填 selling o.答案 creative解析 考查词形转换。修饰名词应用形容词，故用creative修饰其后的cultural products,表示“创造性的文化产品”。.答案 enables

38、解析 考查动词的时态、主谓一致及词形转换。句意为：它也使人们能够享受阅读和饮用咖啡的时光。根据语境并分析句子结构可知，此处需要谓语动词；根据上文中的“opens”可知，此处应用一般现在时，且空前的主语“it”是第三人称单数，所以填enables。.答案it解析 考查代词。分析句子结构可知，此处动词不定式为真正的主语，故用代词it作形式主语。.答案 has offered解析考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。so far为现在完成时的标志，且根据语境可知，offer与其主语the government为主动关系，所以此处应填 has offered on .阅读理解（2019天津十二所重点中学联考

39、二）Tiny microbes（微生物）are at the heart of a new agricultural technique to manage harmful greenhouse gas emissions.Scientists have discovered how microbes can be used to turn carbon dioxide emissions into soil-enriching limestone（ 石灰石）, with the help of a type of tree that grows in tropical areas , suc

40、h as West Africa.Researchers have found that when the Iroko tree is grown in dry , acidic soil and treated with a combination of natural fungi（ 霉菌）and other bacteria , not only does the tree grow well , it also produces the mineral limestone in the soil around its roots.The Iroko tree makes a minera

41、lby combiningCa from the earth with CO2 fromtheatmosphere.The bacteria then createthe conditionsunder which this mineral turnsintolimestone.The discovery offers a newway to lock carbon into the soil, keeping it out oftheatmosphere.In addition to storing carbonin the trees leaves and in the form of l

42、imestone ,themineral in the soil makes it_more suitable for agriculture.The discovery could lead to reforestation（ 重新造林）projects in tropical countries , and help reduce carbon dioxide emissions in the atmosphere in the developing world.It has already been used in West Africa and is being tested in B

43、olivia , Haiti and India.The findings were made in a three-year project involving researchers from the Universities of Edinburgh , Granada, Lausanne and Delft University of Technology.The project examined several microbiological methods for locking CO 2as limestone, and the Iroko-bacteria way showed

44、 the best results.Work was funded by the European Commission under the Future&Emerging Technologies（FET） scheme.Dr Bryne Ngwenya of the University of Edinburgh s School of GeoSciences , who led the researchi, said, “By taking advantage of this natural limestone-producing process, we have a low-tech

45、, safe, readily employed and easily operating way to lock carbon out of the atmosphere , while improving farming conditions in tropical countries. ” 语篇解读本文是一篇说明文，介绍了科学家发现在艾罗科树的帮助下，微生物可以用来将二氧化碳转化为石灰石，这种方法可以用来处理温室气体。. The passage is mainly introducing .some useful natural fungi and bacteriaB . a new w

46、ay to deal with greenhouse gas emissionsa newly-found tree in West Africathe soil-enriching limestone created by scientists答案 B解析 主旨大意题。根据第一段首句可知，微生物是管理有害温室气体的农业新技术的核心，本文介绍的就是利用这种新技术处理温室气体的方法，故 B项正确。. Which of the following is TRUE about tiny microbes?A . Most tiny microbes like living in dry , acid

47、ic soil.B . CO2 can be broken down by natural fungi and bacteria.The more greenhouse gas is, the more active tiny microbes become.Tiny microbes get along well with the Iroko tree in special soil.答案 D解析 细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，当艾罗科树生长在干燥、酸性的土壤中并经过天然真菌和其他细菌的组合处理后，它不仅生长良好，还会在根部周围的土壤中产生矿物质石灰石，由此可知，在某种特殊的土壤中，艾罗科

48、树能够和微生物相处得很好，故D项正确。. What does the underlined word it in Paragraph 3 probably refer to?A. Carbon dioxide. B. Carbon. C. Soil. D. Limestone.答案 C解析 代词指代题。根据画线词前的“In addition to storing carbon in the trees leaves and inthe form of limestone , the mineral in the soil makes ”可知，除了在树叶和石灰石中储存碳外，土壤中的矿物质使土壤更

49、适合农业生产，由此可知，it指代的就是前面提到的“土壤”，故C项正确。. According to the passage , what can we infer?A . The action of the tiny microbes can increase the oxygen in the earth.B . Researchers have done the experiment on trees in Africa for three years.Researchers tend to use natural power to solve their problem.West Afr

50、ica is one of the most polluted areas all over the world.答案 C解析 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的The project examined several microbiologicalmethods for locking CO 2 as limestone, and the Iroko-bacteria way showed the best results.” 可知，该项目研究了多种将二氧化碳锁定为石灰石的微生物方法，其中艾罗科树和微生物的方法效果最好，再结合最后一段内容可知，研究人员倾向于使用自然力量来解决温室气体的问题，故C

51、项正确。. According to the passage, the Iroko-bacteria method .A . can be used to improve the farming landB . can save a lot of seriously destroyed woodshas been popularized in Bolivia , Haiti and Indiashould be spread all around the world in the future答案 A解析 细节理解题。根据最后一段中 Dr Bryne Ngwenya的话可知，通过利用这种天然的

52、石灰 石生产过程，我们有了一种低技术、安全、易于操作的方法锁定大气中的碳，同时改善热带 国家的农业条件，由此可知，这种方法能够用于改善耕地，故 A项正确。m .七选五Behind every great product is a great team.Teamwork in the workplace offers the staff the opportunity to become more familiar with each other and learn how to work together. 26 .There are several ways in which teamwor

53、k is important to the success of the company and to the development of each employee.Efficiency （效率）Work teams develop systems that allow them to complete tasks efficiently. 27 , the team s work pace makes sure that the task is completed quickly and accurately.This allows the company to take on more

54、 work and also lets the company increase more income without having to add more staff.This becomes helpful when efficient teams from different departments work together.Support28 .And a strong team environment can act as a support system for staff members.Work group members can help each other impro

55、ve performance and work together toward improving professional development.Team members come to rely on each other and trust each other. 29 , these bonds can be important.IdeasTeams in the workplace often meet to discuss how to deal with company problems.When a team works well together, it allows st

56、aff members to feel more comfortable in offering suggestions.Team members become accustomed to processing brainstorming information. 30 . A . There are challenges each day in any workplace B . When the team faces a particularly hard challenge C. We all know teamwork helps companies earn more money D

57、. When a task is handed to a well-trained and efficient teamIt is also the fuel that allows employees and companies to have successThe company surely benefits from various suggestions given by efficient teamsOne of the main benefits of a strong team environment is to share ideas with each other语篇解读本

58、文属于说明文,主要从三个方面介绍了团队合作的好处:提高效率、相互支持、提出建议。.答案 E解析 前面提到团队合作对员工的作用，后面提到团队合作在哪些方面对公司和员工起作用，故本空应该跟团队合作对公司和员工的作用有关，E项“它也有助于让员工和公司获得成功”符合语境。.答案 D解析本空后面半句说到了“这个团队的工作节奏能够确保迅速无误地完成该工作”，再结合本段小标题Efficiency （效率）可知，本空应与高效率有关，故D项“当把一份工作交给一个训练有素且有效率的团队时 ”符合语境。答案 A解析本段小标题是 Support ,空后一句说到一个强大的团队环境可以为员工提供支持，因此A项“在任何一个

59、工作场所，每天都会有挑战 ”能很好地与下文衔接。答案 B解析 本段的小标题是 Support ,谈的是团队成员的相互支持。空前说到了团队成员相互帮助提高在公司的表现、共同努力促进专业发展，同时，团队成员也会逐渐相互依靠和信任。所以B项“当这个团队遇到很困难的挑战时”与后半句“这种相互关系（支持与信任）就会尤其重要”衔接。.答案 F解析 空前说到团队成员能更自如地提出建议，以及变得习惯于加工头脑风暴信息，为公司出谋划策，故F项“公司一定能够从高效的团队提供的建议中受益”符合上下文逻辑。同时,F项中的suggestions与小标题Ideas和最后一段中的suggestions也给出了提示。W .完

60、形填空（2019绍兴模拟）In April 1952 , I was 11 years old and in the sixth grade at an elementary school.My teacher was Miss Pemberton.It was spelling bee time in our city students were issued with brochures ofwords to study in 31 for the class spelldowns（比赛）.They would lead to a schoolwide contest and 32 qua