高考必考介词使用

1、关于高考必考介词的使用第一张，PPT共三十四页，创作于2022年6月短语介词（Phrasal Prepositions）e.g. according to, apart from（除之外）, as a result of, as for/to（至于，关于）, because of, due to（由于）, in addition to（除之外，不但= besides, in front of, in spite of(尽管), instead of, owing to（由于）第二张，PPT共三十四页，创作于2022年6月三、常见简单介词的基本用法1.About 1)关于，有关 I have n

2、ot heard so much about him. I dont know what youre talking about. 2）差不多，大约 e.g. About 500 Ss attended the lecture. About when will you go abroad? 3）表示地点：在周围，在附近，各处，到处 e.g. Trees are planted about the lake. They live somewhere about the Peoples Square. Dont leave your books about your desk. I havent

3、any small change about /on me. 4）“即将”（近期将来）e.g. The film is about to begin. Its nearly 7:00. The train is about to leave.第三张，PPT共三十四页，创作于2022年6月2.above 1）在上方 e.g.A bird is flying above the woods. There is a portrait above the blackboard. 2）（在数量上）超过 e.g. The man is not yet forty, but well above thirt

4、y.The number of new Ss this year is above four hundred.3）（能力等）胜过，超越；因太困难、太好而不 e.g.The problem is above me. （这问题太难我不懂。） John is above all the other Ss in mathematics.第四张，PPT共三十四页，创作于2022年6月3.across 1）在对面/对过 e.g. My uncle lives across my home. There is a bookshop across the street. 2）横越，横过 e.g.The lit

5、tle girl helped the blind man across the river.The tall tree fell down across the street. 3）经过 e.g. The revolution developed across the whole century.第五张，PPT共三十四页，创作于2022年6月 4.after 1）在后（时间） e.g.After work/class, we went home except him.The day after tomorrow we will go to Shanghai. 2）在的后面（顺序） e.g.

6、Please shut/ close the door after/behind you. 3）仿照，按照（引申意义） e.g.Read after me , please. Rewrite the following sentences after the model.A new church will be built after the old one. 4）追求（引申意义） e.g.What are you after? Oh, here is the thing Im after.If you run after two hares, youll catch neither. 第六张

7、，PPT共三十四页，创作于2022年6月 5.against 1）靠，倚，碰 e.g. The rain was beating against the windows. He put the ladder against the wall.He was leaning against the window, reading. The man saw a hare run against a tree. 2）反对，禁止（引申意义） e.g.We are for peace and against war. Is there anybody against the suggestion? 第七张

8、，PPT共三十四页，创作于2022年6月3）违反，违背（引申意义） e.g.This sentence is against grammar.In the old days girls were married against their own will.Nobody should do anything against the law. 4）顶着，对着 e.g.We played the first half （上半场）against the wind.Learning is like sailing a boat against the current(气流). 治学如同逆水行舟。5）防

9、备，准备（引申意义） e.g.They saved fire wood（干柴）against winter. Man is fighting a battle against pollution.第八张，PPT共三十四页，创作于2022年6月8.around 1）在的周围，围绕 e.g.She wears a necklace/watch around her neck/wrist.The earth turns /goes/ travels around the sun.2）在各处 e.g.He did a lot of travel around the country during th

10、e summer holidays.We showed our Japanese friends around our school.3）大约（时间、数量） e.g.around / about thirty years old A big elephant may weigh around five tons.4）在那边 e.g.Around the corner of the street, youll see a second-hand bookshop.（旧书店）第九张，PPT共三十四页，创作于2022年6月9.at 1）表示时间、地点、价钱、速度、年龄 e.g.at ten oclo

11、ck at the school at the age of 40 at (a speed of ) 150 kilometres an hourPeople like to buy eggs from him because he sells at a lower price.Note: 表示价格时，at须和price连用，如只说具体价钱，则用。e.g.I bought this dictionary for 60 yuan.2）表示动作之方向、目的：朝，向 e.g. He threw a stone at a dog. The fox ran at the boy.3）处于某种状态（引申意

12、义） e.g.The two countries are at war. 4）表示引起某种情绪的原因。 e.g. We are surprised at your success. They were sad at hearing such bad news.5）在号召，召集，请求下（引申意义） e.g. He wrote the letter at our request.第十张，PPT共三十四页，创作于2022年6月11.behind 1）在的后面（位置） e.g.The garage(车库)is the house. He came out from the door.2）迟于，晚于，误

13、时/点 e.g.The train is behind time.The plane was two hours time because of the storm.3）劣于，不如，落后 e.g. My old father is behind the times.Because of his illness, he is the others in his studies.第十一张，PPT共三十四页，创作于2022年6月13.beside 1）在的旁边 e.g. He sat beside me at dinner. The citys largest stadium stands a la

14、ke.2）相比（引申意义） e.g. My English is poor beside yours.3）离题，与无关 e.g. This is the topic for discussion. What you are talking about is the point.14.besides 除之外（还） e.g. We all went to Beijing our teacher. I like mathematics, physics, besides English. Besides being the largest city in China, Shanghai is als

15、o the centre of industry, education, science and culture.第十二张，PPT共三十四页，创作于2022年6月17.but 1)除了之外( = except) e.g.They all liked the film him. No one me was in the office just now.I had nothing in the world but a million-pound note.Notes: but prep.常与否定词连用;but prep.可跟不定式。e.g.The hibernating animals have

16、no choice but to lie down and sleep.I did nothing but watch TV last night.第十三张，PPT共三十四页，创作于2022年6月2）用于固定词组中。 e.g.cannot help but do不能不；忍不住anything but根本不，决不nothing but只有，只不过是 but for要不是 I could not help but cry. 我忍不住哭了出来。My income is anything but large. 我的收入绝对不能算多。She is anything but honest. 她决非诚实之辈

17、。This is nothing but a joke.But for the doctor, I might have died long ago.第十四张，PPT共三十四页，创作于2022年6月by 1)靠近，在旁边 e.g.The new library stands by the river. There is a tall tree by the river.He was standing by the window, reading.2）由旁边经过，路过，沿着 e.g.I go by his office every day. He passed by me without say

18、ing a word.3）用方法/手段 e.g.by bike, train, bus, plane, air, water, seaThe little match girl earned her living by selling matches.Rice seedlings (稻秧)used to be planted by hand.第十五张，PPT共三十四页，创作于2022年6月4）表示程度、尺寸、数量、时间 e.g. He is paid by the hour. Whats the time by your watch? In the 100-metre race, John b

19、eat Dick by a shoulder.5）到时候，不迟于 e.g.Ill return the books to him by Wednesday morning.Hell certainly come by 5 oclock.By the end of last week, we had learned 15 units.6）依据，奉命 e.g.Never judge people by their appearance / what they wear.第十六张，PPT共三十四页，创作于2022年6月7）组成介词短语 e.g. by and by （不久） one by one（一

20、个个地） day by day（天天不断地） step by step（一步步地） side by side（肩并肩） little by little（逐渐地） by chance （偶然，碰巧） by heart（默记下来） by oneself（独自地） by the way（顺便提 / 问一下）第十七张，PPT共三十四页，创作于2022年6月down 1）往下 e.g.The boy fell down the stairs and broke his arm.It was almost dark when he went down the hill.2） up down城市、北、河上

21、游、近处 乡村、南、河下 游、远处 e.g. They were swimming up /down the river. Ill go up to Tianjin tomorrow.Do you see the man walking down the street? Hes my uncle.非路面此高彼低，而是那个人离说话人而去。第十八张，PPT共三十四页，创作于2022年6月for 1)为了（表示目的，指人、物） e.g.I came here for my pen. What are you doing that for?I bought the watch for my wifes

22、 brother as a present.2）赞成，支持（表示同意、愿望等） e.g.We are for peace and against war.3）替，为，对于，供 e.g.I wrote a letter for him. (I wrote a letter to him.是何义？)Thatll be bad for your health.4）就而言 e.g.You look young for your age.第十九张，PPT共三十四页，创作于2022年6月5）表示目的：去，向 e.g.Lets go for a walk /dinner. the train for Tai

23、yuan6）限定于，供用的，给的 e.g.These tickets are for tomorrow.There is a TV set, a telephone and other necessities. They are all for you.7）当作，作为 e.g.We took him for an honest man.8）由于，因为的缘故 e.g. He was sent to prison for stealing.9）It is /was + adj. /n. + for/ of sb. to do sth.第二十张，PPT共三十四页，创作于2022年6月in 1）在范围

24、和空间内 e.g.in a village in a tree in the bed in the sun in the rain in her handThere are many apples on the apple tree.2）表示时间：A. 在世纪，年月 e.g.in the 20th century in May, 1983 in the 1870sNote: in the thirties in his thirtiesA.在30年代 在他三十几岁时B. 从现在算起若干时间以后。e.g.He will come back in two weeks. (how soon)C. 在

25、时间内 e.g.Rome was not built in a day. （英谚:大器晚成）第二十一张，PPT共三十四页，创作于2022年6月3）在某种状态、境遇下；穿着某种衣服 e.g. He nodded in satisfaction. She is in white /blue /yellow /green /red.4）在方面 e.g.Im weak in English.In building socialism, we need to learn good experience from other nations.have some/ no difficulty /troubl

26、e (in)doing 5）表示方式、手段 e.g.in English in pen /pencil with a pen/pencilin a bus /train by bus /train on his bike第二十二张，PPT共三十四页，创作于2022年6月of 1) “的”（所有格）。 e.g.the name of the book the map of Hangzhouthe legs of the desk the tail of a pig2）表示同位关系。 e.g.the city of Rome /Pisa/Tianjin Im sending my best wis

27、hes to the two of you for a happy life.3）用在表示数量、种类等意义的词组中。 e.g.a piece of chalk a glass of bear a cup of teaa group of Ss a kind of food a lot of time第二十三张，PPT共三十四页，创作于2022年6月4）表示动宾关系。 e.g.This book is helpful to my study of English. Parents love of children is most touching.5）用于某些比较级和最高级的结构中。 e.g.O

28、f the two brothers which is the taller? 在中Of all the stars in the sky, the sun is the nearest to us / the earth.6)of 与age, height, size, weight, colour连用时可以省略。 e.g. I have a daughter (of) your age. We are (of) the same age, height, weight, size.第二十四张，PPT共三十四页，创作于2022年6月on 1)表示接触（不一定在上面） e.g.There ar

29、e a few flies on the ceiling. I want to be a sailor sailing on the sea.2）在某天、某天的早晨、上午、晚上 e.g.on Saturday / Wednesday on Oct10th,20033）引申意义“在进行中”e.g.on fire on sale He is on duty now. They are on holiday in Dalian.第二十五张，PPT共三十四页，创作于2022年6月4）关于，论及 e.g.On Practice实践论 a book on English /radioHe is on th

30、e committee.他是委员会委员之一。 （属于）Have you any idea on the subject? This book is on basic English grammar.A lecture will be given on how to use prepositions.5）（表示时间）在时候；刚一就 e.g.He said hello on seeing me.On hearing the news, they jumped with joy.On his (Kuntas) arrival he was sold to a farmer and worked in

31、 the fields.第二十六张，PPT共三十四页，创作于2022年6月to 1）（表示方向）向，往；（针）对 e.g.I took my daughter to the zoo yesterday.Japan is /lies to the east of China.the way the factory fall the ground turn the left2）到，迄（表示时间、数量、范围、程度） e.g.a quarter to nine to this day (直到今天)I think he is (from)30 to 35.第二十七张，PPT共三十四页，创作于2022年6

32、月3）（表示对比；比较）比；对 e.g.ten to one 十比一；十有八九2 is to 6 as 3 is to 9. 二比六等于三比九。4）按照，适合；伴随音乐 e.g.maketo ones (own)measure 按照某人（自己）的尺寸做She sang to the piano. They danced to the music.In competitions women perform some of their exercises to music, so dance, gymnastics and music are all connected. 第二十八张，PPT共三十

33、四页，创作于2022年6月under 1）在下面（） e.g. He stood under a tree. book under arm 2）在领导，指导，统治，控制之下 e.g.Under the correct leadership of the Party, the life of the Chinese people is getting better and better.They made a successful experiment the guidance of their teacher.3）（表示主语状况、状态）在修理、建造、治疗中 e.g.under repair u

34、nder construction.under treatment under discussion. 4）不到（表示年龄、数量等） e.g.The girl is under 10 years old.第二十九张，PPT共三十四页，创作于2022年6月up(与down反义) 1）向上 e.g.Seeing a large bear coming towards him, the man quickly climbed up a tree.He went up the hill to see the famous church.2） up down城市、北、河上游、近处 乡村、南、河下游、远处 e.g.We first visited Nanjing, and then went up the Guangzhou-Beijing Railway Line.Just then, they saw a car racing at top speed up the road.（汽车迎着他们飞驰而来。）第三十张，PPT共三十四页，创作于2022年6月with 1）用（工具、器械等） e.g.Most people write with their right hand.In this way,