大学英语综合教程Unit 6

1、Unit Six1上海交通大学出版社 BackNext1. Starterfocus1starterLook at the following suicide pictures and discuss in pairs what can be the cause of peoples committing suicide.There can be various causes for people to commit suicide, for instance, suffering from an incurable disease like cancer or extreme poverty

2、 or depression, being deep in debt, being insulted or too much ashamed of something, being unfortunate in love or having lost ones beloved, religious or political beliefs, esp. cult-like ones, etc. One thing in common for suicides is despair.2B. Listen to a passage and fill in the blanks.focus1start

3、er上海交通大学出版社 1. StarterBackNextMind Mapdeliberate a. 故意的the National Center for Health Statistics 美国国家卫生统计中心rank vt. 排名，列为underestimate n. 低估suicidal a.有自杀倾向的verbal a.口头的 3focus1starter上海交通大学出版社 1. StarterBackNext1. Suicide affects people of all ages, especially _. The National Center for Health Stat

4、istics ranked suicide as _ of adolescent death, as it claimed the lives of approximately 5,000 American teenagers and young adults in the mid-1990s. Direct verbal threats such as “I am going to kill myself,” or “I am going to swallow a bottle of aspirin” _ and should be taken seriously. teenagers an

5、d young adultsthe third leading cause leave nothing to the imagination 4Suicide and Clues Suicide is defined as the deliberate killing of oneself. Tragically, suicide is a problem that affects people of all ages, especially teenagers and young adults. In fact, suicide is the most rapidly growing cau

6、se of death among youth between the ages of fifteen and twenty-four. In the mid-1990s, the National Center for Health Statistics ranked suicide as the third leading cause of adolescent death, as it claimed the lives of approximately 5,000 American teenagers and young adults. In addition, the number

7、of recorded deaths by suicide is apparently an underestimate of reality since a large number of completed suicides go unreported or are labeled as accidents.focus1starter 上海交通大学出版社 1. StarterBackNext5focus1starter 上海交通大学出版社 1. Starter Most people who are suicidal put out warning signs to the public

8、as a cry for help. They either directly or indirectly tell or show others about their suicide plan. Direct verbal threats such as “I am going to kill myself” or “I am going to swallow a bottle of aspirin” leave nothing to the imagination and should be taken seriously because very few people make suc

9、h statements for fun. Indirect verbal threats such as “I hate my life,” “Sometimes I wish I were dead,” or “I just cant go on any longer” are much more subtle and, therefore, may easily be overlooked if one is not aware of these subtle clues. BackNext6Text: The One-Day War7focus1text 上海交通大学出版社 BackN

10、extText Lead-in Text Organization8focus1text 上海交通大学出版社 Text Lead-inBackNext9focus1text 上海交通大学出版社 BackNextText Lead-in10focus1text 上海交通大学出版社 BackNextText Lead-in11focus1text2. Text: The One-Day War1 Good morning, fellow Americans. Welcome to the One-Day War. CNN will be your eyes and ears for today,

11、bringing you live coverage of a momentous day in our history. As part of our bicentennial commemoration of the Civil War, we are proud to participate in Professor Brainards project, the One-Day War.Translation 上海交通大学出版社 BackNext Questions about Para. 1 live: a.现场直播的 e.g. We can enjoy the live covera

12、ge of the World Cup on CCTV 5 this year. coverage: n. U 新闻报道e.g. Several television stations gave spot coverage to the conference. The wedding got much media coverage. momentous: a. 关键的；重要的；重大的 e.g. It is momentous for China to join the WTO. participate: vi.参与，参加e.g. Most countries in the world will

13、 participate in Shanghai Expo 2010. Everyone in the class is expected to participate in the discussion. 一日战争 1 同胞们，早上好！欢迎收看“一日战争”节目。今天，CNN将充当您的耳目，为您直播我国历史上重要的一天。作为美国内战200周年庆典的一部分，我们为能参与布雷纳德教授的“一日战争”项目而感到自豪。12What is part of CNNs bicentennial commemoration of the Civil War?focus1text Professor Braina

14、rds project, the One-Day War, is part of CNNs bicentennial commemoration of the Civil War. 上海交通大学出版社 BackNext2. Text: The One-Day War13focus1text 2 Im sure there isnt an American out there who hasnt heard of the project. It has been the most talked-about subject in our country for many months. Now t

15、he great day, April 9, 2065, is here, and we are all part of it. Translation 上海交通大学出版社 BackNext 2 我相信这个项目在美国无人不知，好几个月来，它一直是全国谈论最多的话题。2065年4月9日，这个伟大的日子终于到来了，而我们全都要对其进行见证。 2. Text: The One-Day War14focus1text 3 The weather is perfect and visibility is excellent. There isnt a cloud overhead; the sky is

16、 blue and clear. From our place here on the grandstand, we have a perfect vantage point. While we are waiting, weve arranged an exclusive interview with Professor Brainard, father of the One-Day War.Translation 上海交通大学出版社 BackNext 3 今天天气极好，能见度很高，晴空万里无云，一碧如洗。我们这里的大看台是个绝佳的观察点。趁战争还没开始，我们先对“一日战争”的设计者布雷纳德

17、教授作一个独家采访。 exclusive: 1) （消息，报道）独家的e.g. The story is exclusive to this newspaper. 2) 独有的，独享的，专用的e.g. The club members have exclusive use of the swimming pool. exclusive interview: 独家采访e.g. The reporter had an exclusive interview with the nobel prize winner. 2. Text: The One-Day War15focus1text 4 “Pr

18、ofessor, I know how busy you are supervising this enormous undertaking, and we appreciate your giving us an interview. To begin with, could you give us some background information about the project?”Translation 4 “教授，我们知道您正在负责实施这个宏伟的项目，非常忙，所以很感谢您能接受我们的采访。首先，您能否介绍一下这个项目产生的背景？” 上海交通大学出版社 BackNext unde

19、rtaking: n. 1) C （重大或艰巨的）任务，项目，事业；企业e.g. In the course of this huge undertaking, we need persistence.2) C 承诺，保证，答应e.g. The landlord gave a written undertaking that repairs would be carried out before the end of the month. Note that undertaking derives from the verb undertake2. Text: The One-Day War1

20、6undertake v. 1)从事；着手，开始进行e.g. We could undertake the work for the time being. 我们可以暂时从事这项工作。2). 同意，答应；约定 e.g. He undertook to finish the job by Wednesday. 他答应在星期三以前完成这项工作。3). 许诺；保证： e.g. We cannot undertake that we shall finish the work in a week. 我们不能保证一周内完成这项工作。4). 担任(工作等)；接受(任务等)；承担： e.g. Who wil

21、l undertake responsibility for this work? 谁将承担这项工作的责任?17focus1text 5 “I am very pleased to speak with you. At this point, the project is rolling along according to schedule, and I am here to advise on any problems that may arise. You asked for some background information. Well, as you may know, Im c

22、onsidered an expert on the Civil War, and I was asked to plan a bicentennial commemoration. (To be continued)Translation5 “很高兴接受您的采访。目前，项目正按计划顺利实施，我在这儿负责指导他们处理可能出现的任何问题。说到背景，噢，您也许知道，大家称我是内战研究专家，所以邀请我参与策划一个纪念内战结束200周年的活动。 上海交通大学出版社 BackNext roll along: 进行 e.g. With the plan rolling along, there will

23、be five more chain supermarkets. arise: vi. 1) 发生，产生，出现e.g. New problems arise from time to time. 2) 起床；起立，起身e.g. He arose at dawn. He arose form his chair when she entered the room. Meaning: So far, the project is going on as scheduled and I am here to give advice on any problems that may appear. 2

24、. Text: The One-Day War18focus1textOne disturbing aspect of the Civil War, like any other war, was how expensive and inefficient it was. Using our modern-day technology, we are able to reconstruct one battle that is the equivalent of all the battles fought during the entire war!”Translation和其他所有战争一样

25、，内战耗费太大、效率太低，这一点很令人困扰。而利用现代科技，我们完全可以构建一场战役，使其效果相当于内战所有战役的总和！” 上海交通大学出版社 BackNext Meaning: With the help of advanced technology today, we can organize and launch one battle the same scale as all the battles of the Civil War combined.inefficient: a. 效率低的；能力差的；浪费的e.g. The business failed because of ine

26、fficient management. an inefficient worker reconstruct: vt. 1) 再现，重现e.g. Police tired to reconstruct the accident from what the witnesses had said. 2) 修复；重建，重造e.g. reconstruct a building that has great historical significanceequivalent: n. C 相等的东西；等量；对应词e.g. Breathing such polluted air is the equiva

27、lent of smoking ten cigarettes a day. a.（价值、数量、意义、重要性等) 相等的，相同的e.g. 8 kilometers is equivalent to 5 miles. 2. Text: The One-Day War19focus1text6 “The major expenses in any war involve the movement of troops and machinery, medical equipment and personnel, and burial expenses. Doing all this during wa

28、rtime is difficult, expensive, and inefficient. Given our cultural and scientific development during these past two hundred years, there was no reason why we couldnt produce the same effect at a fraction of the cost. (To be continued)Translation6 “战争的开支主要包括军队和机械的转移、医疗器材和人员及掩埋尸体的费用。在战争期间要做到这一切非常困难，而且

29、花费高昂、效率低下。有了这200年的文化和科学的发展，我们完全能以一小部分的代价制造出同样效果的战争。 上海交通大学出版社 BackNext Meaning: Considering the great scientific progress made in human society in the past 200 years, we should have no problem launching a war with the same effect with the cost greatly reduced. Note that given is used as a prepositio

30、n (rather than as the past participle of give), meaning considering, in view of, in light of, taking into consideration. 考虑到，鉴于e.g. Given her interest in children, teaching seems the right job for her. 2. Text: The One-Day War20focus1textThe most brilliant part of the plan is the most obviouswhy not

31、 bury the soldiers right on the battlefield and eliminate a lot of cost and trouble? The battlefield becomes the cemetery! Once we settled on this idea, the other details fell into place.”Translation而本计划最巧妙的地方也最显而易见我们为什么不把牺牲的士兵直接埋在战场上，这样不是可以省去很多费用和麻烦吗？把战场变成墓地！一旦决定采用这个主意，其他细节问题也就迎刃而解了。” 上海交通大学出版社 Bac

32、kNextQuestion about Para. 6 Meaning: As soon as we decided on this idea, the details for carrying it out become clear.settle on: 同意，决定，选定；停歇在，栖于e.g. We must settle on a place to meet. They finally settled on the blue curtains. A bird settled on his palm.fall into place: 明朗化；变得一目了然；变得有条不紊(或清清楚楚)e.g.

33、At first I did not see your point, but after I read your report, everything fell into place. Control your emotions and everything will fall into place. 2. Text: The One-Day War21What is the most brilliant part of the plan according to Professor Brainard? focus1text It is turning the battlefield into

34、 the cemetery on the spot so as to eliminate a lot of cost and trouble.上海交通大学出版社 BackNext2. Text: The One-Day War227 “然后，一系列安排便以流水作业的形式一步步完成：用计算机选出士兵，雇佣挖掘人员、石匠、园丁和花匠。其中，除了给每个士兵配备一把左轮手枪，不再需要其他任何战争机械，这样就省下了大量的费用。此外，当然也不需要医疗队和后勤供给。并且士兵的家人已事先得到消息，以便安排善后事宜。” focus1text7 “An assembly line procedure was ad

35、opted. The computer chose the soldiers and we hired digging crews, masons, gardeners, and florists. We saved a tremendous amount of money by not needing any war machinery except for one revolver per soldier. Naturally, there was no need for medical teams and supplies. The families of the soldiers kn

36、ew well in advance, so they could plan accordingly and put their personal affairs in order. ”Translation 上海交通大学出版社 BackNextMeaning: A systematic and orderly course of actions was started. assembly: n. 1) U 装配，组装 e.g. Putting the bookcase together should be a simple assembly job. 2) C 立法机构；会议e.g. The

37、 principal made use of the opportunity to speak to the assembly. adopt: vt. 1) 采用（某方法）；采取（某态度）e.g. They adopted our methods. 2) 正式通过，表决采纳（建议、政策等）e.g. The committee adopt the chairmans report formally.3) 收养；领养e.g. As they had no children of their own, they adopted an orphan. tremendous: a. 1) 巨大的，极大的

38、e.g. The tremendous growth of U.S. agriculture is the envy of the world. 2) 极好的，精彩的，了不起的e.g. He had a tremendous night at the theater last night. Meaning: As war machinery was no longer needed except for one revolver for each soldier, we significantly reduced the expenses.in advance: 提前，预先e.g. You m

39、ust pay for the book in advance. cf. in advance of 在的前面；优于，胜过e.g. He walked in advance of his wife. Einstein was far in advance of his time accordingly: ad. 照着，相应地e.g. Just tell us the color and design you have in mind. Well change them accordingly. put sth. in order: 安排好；把按顺序排好，有秩序地放好e.g. He put hi

40、s desk in order. Before taking a long trip you should put all your affairs in order 2. Text: The One-Day War238 “制定计划的过程中有没有遇到什么困难？”9 “开始时确实有一些。首先是国会的一些议员认为我们的计划不人道。我就解释说，这个计划和发动一场长达4年的昂贵战争的最终结果是一样的，而且还不会给民众带来麻烦。 focus1text8 “Did you encounter any difficulties with the plan?” 9 “A little, at first.

41、Some members of the Congress thought the plan was inhumane. I explained to them that the net result was the same as waging the war for four years at a greater expense and inconvenience to the general population. (To be continued)Translation上海交通大学出版社 BackNextinhumane: a.不人道的，残忍的；（对他人的疾苦）无动于衷的 e.g. Th

42、e inhumane treatment of animals enraged the public. Antonym: humane2. Text: The One-Day War24另外，也不会有任何老百姓卷入没有袭击，没有房子被烧毁，士兵不会抢杀平民。最后，在我的说服下，他们一致认同，我的计划比内战更安全，更有效，也更人道。”focus1textMoreover, there would be no involvement with civilians whatsoeverno attacks, no burning of houses, no families killed by ma

43、rauding soldiers. They agreed unanimously that my plan was safer, more efficient, and more humane than the Civil War.”Translation上海交通大学出版社 BackNext2. Text: The One-Day War2510 “来自华盛顿西部联盟电报公司的反对倒是很强烈，因为如果他们不能给牺牲士兵的家人发电报，便会减少收入。于是我们设法和他们达成协议，让他们公司生产小幅美国国旗，发给每个士兵的家人。” focus1text 10 “We did encounter a

44、strong objection from the Western Union lobby in Washington. They would be losing revenue from the telegrams usually sent to the families of the soldiers. We worked out an agreement allowing the company to manufacture the small American flags that will be given to each family.”Translation上海交通大学出版社 B

45、ackNext2. Text: The One-Day War26focus1text 11 “And now, Professor Brainard, after months of planning, your project is about to become a reality. Thank you, Professor. I know I speak for the entire nation when I salute you as a remarkable man and a true patriot.”Translation 11 “布雷纳德教授，经过几个月的筹划，您的项目马

46、上要付诸实施了。谢谢您，教授。我代表全国人民向您一位杰出人士、真正的爱国者致敬！” 上海交通大学出版社 BackNextspeak for: 代表讲话e.g. John will speak for our group. Do not speak for your friend, speak for yourself. 2. Text: The One-Day War27focus1text 12 Its 8:30, and we are almost ready for the project to get under way. Before us on this immense battl

47、efield, stretched out for miles, are the two opposing armies. The soldiers stand at attention in neat rowsan army of blue facing an army of gray. They stand very still like marble statues. On our left, we can see the digging machines and their crews waiting silently. Behind them are the masons and g

48、ardeners. On our right we can see the florists. Translation12 八点半，战争即将开始。在这片广阔的战场上，展现在我们面前的是绵延数英里的战争双方的士兵。他们分别身着蓝色和灰色军装，整齐肃立，分行相对排列，如同大理石雕像一般。而在我们左面，挖掘机和工人正静静地等待着，他们的后面是石匠和园丁；花匠则站在我们右面。 上海交通大学出版社 BackNextget under way: 开动，开始进行e.g. Lets get under way, were already late. He gave his consent for the pr

49、oject to get under way. stretch out: 延长，拖长；躺下（休息或睡觉）e.g. She stretched out her hand for the dictionary. They dont want to stretch out the meeting . 2. Text: The One-Day War2813 大看台上政要云集：总统、副总统、众议院议长、参议院多数党领袖、内阁成员、最高法院法官及军方代表都到场了。14 现在全体起立，奏国歌。总统正走向主席台。待他作出指示后，乐队将会奏响军号；最后一个音符奏完后，注意看士兵。 focus1text 13

50、Here in the grandstand are all the dignitaries: the President, Vice President, Speaker of the House, Senate majority leader, members of the Cabinet, the Supreme Court Justices, and representatives of the Armed Forces. 14 We all rise for our National Anthem. The President approaches the podium. When

51、he gives the signal, the band will play taps, and on the last note of taps, watch the soldiers.Translation上海交通大学出版社 BackNext2. Text: The One-Day War29 15 每一位士兵，以军人特有的精确，一齐拔出手枪，对准自己的太阳穴，204000支枪同时扣动了扳机。枪声震耳欲聋，仿佛发生了一场大爆炸，一时间硝烟弥漫，天空一片灰暗，仿佛暴风雨突然降临。战场上一片沉寂，身着灰、蓝服装的队列变成了横七竖八的尸体。无可否认，士兵们再怎么训练有素、忠心爱国，也难以按计划

52、完美地倒下去。但是，他们已经做了该做的。现在，是其他人员开始工作的时候了。focus1text 15 With military precision, each man withdraws his pistol, and places it to his temple, and in unison 204,000 shots ring out. The noise is deafening like a huge explosion. Gunsmoke fills the air. The sky is now gray as if a storm has suddenly blown in.

53、 The field is very quiet. The rows of gray and blue fallen bodies are now irregular. I guess its hard to plan a perfect fall even with intensive training and devotion to ones country. The soldiers have done their part. Now its time for the rest of the team to go to work. Translation上海交通大学出版社 BackNex

54、tQuestion about Para. 15 precision: n. U 精确；准确；细致e.g. Your translation lacks precision. Note that the adjective of precision is precise.pistol: n. C 手枪e.g. Yu Zecheng took out a pistol from his pocket and pointed it at the following spy. unison: n. 1) U 一致，和谐，协调e.g. At the end of the performance the

55、 audiences clapped their hands in unison. 2) U 同音，齐唱，齐奏e.g. They sang in unison. ring out: 清晰可闻，发出清脆的响声e.g. Loud cheers rang out continuously. The bells rang out. Meaning: No matter how rigorously a soldier is trained and how patriotic he is, it is a mission impossible for him to fall dead on to the

56、 ground precisely in the manner as he has been instructed. 2. Text: The One-Day War30focus1text What happens to the two opposing armies? They shoot and kill themselves with pistols at the same time. 上海交通大学出版社 BackNext2. Text: The One-Day War31focus1text 16 The grandstand viewers file out of their se

57、ats and into the waiting limousines. The President shakes Professor Brainards hand. As the last officials leave, the digging machines and their crews move onto the field. They work from left to right digging each trench, burying each body, and leveling the ground. (To be continued)Translation16 大看台上

58、的看客们鱼贯而下，走向等候着的豪华轿车。总统跟布雷纳德教授握手以表祝贺。随着最后一批官员的离去，挖掘机和挖掘工人进入战场。他们从左向右挖沟，埋葬每一位死者，然后整平地面。 上海交通大学出版社 BackNextfile out: 陆续退出e.g. The pupils filed out of the room during the fire drill. 2. Text: The One-Day War32focus1textThe stone masons follow. They place a stone at each soldiers grave. Every stone has a

59、lready been engraved with the soldiers name and dates of birth and death. The crew work efficiently, row after row. The landscapers follow the masons. They place strips of sod over the newly dug earth. Now the florists unload their trucks and put fresh floral bouquets on each grave.Translation石匠们紧随其

60、后，在每一个士兵的墓前放置一块石碑。石碑上已刻好每个士兵的名字和生卒日期。工人们一排接一排高效地工作着，园林工人跟在石匠后面，把一块块草皮放在新翻的土地上，花匠们从卡车上卸下鲜花，把新鲜的花束摆放在每一座墓前。 上海交通大学出版社 BackNextengrave: vt. 在上雕刻（字或图案）e.g. The jeweler will engrave the inside of the ring with her name. engrave a picture on a shell be engraved in/on/upon sb.s memory/mind/heart unload: vt