2014年最新版Unit-2-Great-minds知识要点详解

1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上专心-专注-专业专心-专注-专业精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上专心-专注-专业Unit 2 Great minds (1)Date:_ name:_【知识要点】 必记单词mind n. 聪明的人；富有才智的人 astronomer n. 天文学家consider v. 认为；觉得 sense n. 理解力；判断力 invitation n. 邀请 pleasure n. 乐事；快事avoid v. 避免；避开 trust v. 信任；信赖 obey v. 服从；遵守 reduce v. 减少；缩小exactly adv. 精确的；准确的 acti

2、on n.（故事、戏剧等的）情节 常考短语let.down 使失望 by heart 单凭记忆；能背诵take a seat 坐下 without difficulty 轻而易举join in 参加；加入 have no idea 丝毫不知道be in trouble 处于困境 play a joke on sb. 和某人开玩笑 课文解析1. Listen to a radio programme about some great minds. mind在此用作可数名词，意为“聪明的人；富有才智的人”。 【拓展】mind作名词，还可表示“头脑；大脑；智慧；心思”。 常用短语：make up o

3、nes mind 下定决心；change ones mind 改变主意 Have you made up your mind to change your mind? 你下定决心要改变主意了吗？2. Many people consider Albert Einstein a genius. consider及物动词，意为“认为；觉得”。consider sb./sth. (as) sth. 意为“认为某人 /某物是”。另外，consider后还可接that从句。 He considers himself a great man. 他认为自己是一个了不起的人。 They were consid

4、ered as heroes. 他们被认为是英雄。 He considered that we could do the work well. 他认为我们能做好这项工作。 Lingling is considered to be the top student. 玲玲被认为是优秀学生。 【拓展】consider还可意为“考虑”，相当于think about，其后可接名词、代词、动 词-ing形式、从句或“疑问词+不定式”作宾语。 Youd better consider my suggestion. 你最好考虑一下我的建议。 We are considering going to Hainan

5、 for the Spring Festival. 我们在考虑赴海南过春节。 He has never considered how to solve the problem. 他从未考虑过如何解决这个问题。2. This story about him shows that he also had a sense of humour. (1) sense可数名词，意为“理解力；判断力”，通常用单数。 sense of humour 幽默感； sense of direction 方向感 (2) humour不可数名词，意为“幽默”。 I like such stories full of h

6、umour. 我喜欢这些幽默的故事。 【拓展】humorous形容词，意为“滑稽有趣的；有幽默感的” He has a wide mouth and humorous eyes. 他有一张大大的嘴巴和一双滑稽的眼睛。3. Einstein often received invitations to explain his theories at different unniversities. (1) receive及物动词，意为“得到，收到”。 I have just received his reply. 我刚刚收到他的回信。 辨析：receive与acceptreceive指客观上“收到

7、”，也可用来表示“接待”和“遭受”。accept表示主观上“接受”某人、“承认或赞同”某一看法或理论。一言辨异 He received a gift but he didnt accept it. 他收到了一件礼物，但他没有接受。 (2) invitation名词，意为“请柬；邀请”，后常接to sth.或to do sth. Have you received an invitation to the party? 你收到参加晚会的请柬了吗？ My father had an invitation to visit his friend in Beijing. 【拓展】invite动词，意为

8、“邀请”。常见用法有： invite sb. to. 邀请某人去（某地/某一活动）We invited Miss Gao to our party. 我们邀请高老师来参加我们的聚会。 invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事They have invited me to go to Shanghai with them.他们邀请我和他们一同去上海。4. Its a pleasure to drive a genius like you. pleasure在此用作可数名词，意为“乐事；快事”。“Its a pleasure to do sth.”表示 “做某事是一件乐事”。 I

9、ts a pleasure to meet you. 认识你很高兴。 辨析：pleasure，pleasant与pleasedpleasure可数名词“乐事；快事”不可数名词“高兴；快乐”，take pleasure in (doing) sth. 意为“从(做)某事中获得乐趣”pleasant形容词“令人愉快的；宜人的”，通常修饰物pleased形容词“高兴的；愉快的”，主语一般是人。be pleased with “对感到满意”；be pleased to do sth. “乐于做某事” Its a pleasure to hear from you. 收到你的来信很高兴。 Reading

10、 brings me great pleasure. 读书带给我很大的乐趣。 What a pleasant trip! 多么令人愉快的旅程啊！ The mother were very pleased with her two daughters. 母亲对两位女儿很满意。5. I wish I could avoid giving my lecture tonight,Hans,but I dont want to let my audience down. (1) avoid动词，意为“避免，避开”。avoid doing sth. “避免做某事”。另外，avoid 后还可接名词或代词作宾

11、语，但不能接动词不定式作宾语。 We got up early to avoid missing the early bus. 我们早起床，以避免错过早班车。 She tried to avoid all the problems. 她尽量避开所有的麻烦。 【拓展】在英语中，有些动词后只能接动名词作宾语，不能接动词不定式。常见 的这类动词有finish,enjoy,mind,avoid,practise,miss,keep,suggest等。 (2) lecture可数名词，意为“讲座；演讲”。give a lecture意为“讲课；演讲”；attend a lecture意为“听讲座”。 T

12、he scientist gave a lecture to us. 那位科学家给我们讲课了。 Did you attend the lecture on Mark Twain? 你听了那个关于马克吐温的讲座了吗？ (3) let sb. down 意为“使/令某人失望” She let us down badly yesterday. 昨天她让我们大失所望。6. I know what to do. what to do为“疑问词+动词不定式”结构，在句中作动词know的宾语。“疑问词 +动词不定式”结构可在句子中作主语、宾语、表语等成分。 When to start is a proble

13、m. 何时动身是个难题。 The peasants taught us how to plant rice. 农民教我们怎样种稻子。 The question was where to go. 问题是去哪里？7. Ive listened to your lecture so many times that Ive learnt it by heart. so.that.意为“如此以至于/以致”，其中so是副词，用来修饰形容词或 副词。常见结构有： so+形容词/副词+that. English is so important that we must learn it well. 英语是如此

14、重要，我们必须学好它。 so+many/few+可数名词复数+that. I have made so many mistakes that I cant pass the exam. so+much/little(少)+不可数名词+that. I have so little money with me that I cant buy anything.8. Now were in trouble. (be) in trouble意为“处于困境；倒霉”。 If he cant finish the work on time, he will be in trouble. Dont laugh

15、 at people in trouble. 【拓展】have trouble with. 在方面有麻烦/问题 Maybe you will have trouble with your English, but never give up. have trouble (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难 I have some trouble in reading her letter. 9. Thats such an easy question that even my driver can answer it. such.that.意为“如此以至于”，与so.that.不同的是

16、，such是形容词， 用来修饰名词。常见结构有： (1)such+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+that.=so+adj.+a/an+可数名词单数+that.He is such a clever boy that everyone likes him. =He is so clever a boy that everyone likes him. (2)such+形容词+可数名词复数+that.These are such difficult maths problems that I cant work them out. (3)such+形容词+不可数名词+that.This is s

17、uch hard work that few people can finish it on time.10. one of the cleverest women in the worldone of the cleverest women意为“最聪明的女人之一”，其结构为“one of+the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”，表示“最之一”。Mozart is one of the most famous musicians in the world.11. 四花费：spend&pay&take&costspend主语通常是人sb. spend.on sth.sb. spend.(in) d

18、oing sth指花费时间或金钱pay主语通常是人sb. pays for sth.指人为某物支付金钱take主语通常是itIt takes sb.some time to do sth.指花费时间cost主语通常是物sth. costs (sb.) some money指花费金钱 My elder brother spends a lot of money on books every year. Do you usually spend all your free time (in) studying? How much did you pay for the food? It takes

19、 us an hour to practise playing basketball every day. The skirt cost me 30 yuan.12. Ill give you some advice. advice为不可数名词，意为“建议；意见”。常用表达： a/one piece of advice 一条建议；some advice 一些建议 【拓展】advice的常用搭配：give sb. some advice/give some advice to sb. 给某人提一些建议ask for advice 征求意见 follow/take ones advice 接受某人

20、的建议advise动词，意为“建议”，后接名词、代词或动词-ing形式作宾语，也可用 于advise sb. (not) to do sth.结构，意为“建议某人（不要）做某事”。 She advised us to wait one more day. 她建议我们再等一天。13. Why dont you.?=Why not do.?通常用于征求意见、提建议，而不是表示疑问， 意为“你（们）为什么不做” Why dont you ask the policeman? =Why not ask the policeman? 【拓展】英语中表示建议的常用句型还有： What/How about.

21、? 怎么样？ What/How about going fishing? Would you like.? 你想要吗？ Would you like something to drink? Lets.! 让我们吧！ Lets play a game! Youd better. 你最好 Youd better stay at home on such a hot day.【能力提升】.英汉互译。1. 做演讲 2. 转折点 3. 处于困境 4. 肩并肩 5. 去的路上 6. have no idea 7. a series of 8. play a joke on sb. 9. let sb. d

22、own 10. by heart .英英释义。1. You should cheer up and not let your parent down. A. make your parents happy B. make your parents excited C. make your parents angry D. make your parents disappointed2. People usually make fun of their friends on April Fools Day. A. play jokes on B. have fun with C. play wi

23、th D. tell some jokes to3. We will take part in social practise during the summer vacation. A. join B. join in C. be in D. do4. I avoided him as much as possible. A. keep away from B. put away from C. give away from D. throw away from5. I dont quite catch what you said at the meeting. A. miss B. hea

24、r C. have D. understand.根据句意及首字母或汉语提示写出单词，完成句子。1. My brother is interested in the u . He wants to be an astronomer when he grows up.2. As a student, you should o the school rules.3. Were going to have a party at Dannys house (今晚）4. You look (苍白的).Whats the matter with you?5. Mr Wang didnt accept our

25、 (邀请）to the meeting.6. We should help those people in (困境).7. He says he has a wonderful sense of h .8. Peter won an a for his wonderful performance in the show.9. Ive listened to your l so many times that Ive leant it by heart.用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空。1. Confucius is one of the greatest (mind) in the world.

26、 2. I improve my Chinese by (read) lots of books. 3. Alice, you must avoid (make) such mistakes next time.4. He described his travel in South America in a (humour) way.5. The lady refused his (invite) to the dinner party.6. Einstein took a seat, listened to Hans give his lecture without (difficult).

27、7. He decided (write) poems at the age of 14.8. Its my (please) to help you with the luggage(行李).单项选择。1. She was _ shocked _ speak. A. so; that B. too; that C. so; to D. too; to2. He has made a decision _ a scientist. A. to become B. becomes C. becoming D. became3. Deming will have _ next month. He

28、is going to go abroad. A. a 8-day-holiday B. a 8 days holiday C. an 8-days holiday D. an 8-day holiday4. Paul is funny. He often plays jokes his classmates. A. at B. to C. for D. on5. If you dont study hard, youll your parents . A. let; down B. write; down C. look; up D. cheer; up6. -I feel a bit hungry now. -Why for dinner with us? A. not you go B. dont you go C. not to go D. dont go7. It is hard work, but well keep until we make it. A. try B. tried