2014年同等学力强化班-词汇和语法讲义-安静政法大学20131019

1、 同等学力英语备考：2014年 词汇与语法 Part I 词汇语法备考要求 Part II词汇命题解析 Part III词汇解题技巧 Part IV 扩大词汇量 Part V 语法重点语法 Part VI语法解题技巧 安 静2013年10月Part I 要求1999年、2003、2004，2008年第五版大纲，2012年5第六版大纲。词汇：掌握6000，700常用词组。6000中2800个左右的积极词汇，熟练掌握，即能在口语交际和写作中准确运用；其余能在阅读、完型和英译汉中识别和理解。语法：掌握基本语法知识、常用句型和结构，能正确理解包含这些知识、句型和结构的句子和语篇。Part II 词汇

2、词汇题目共设10个题，每题1分，考试时间为10分钟。本部分包括两种题型，考试中任选一种：1）单句选择替换。要求考生对单句中带下划线的一个词或词组进行替换选择，即从所给的4个备选答案中选出一个最佳替换词或词组。2）单句选择填空。要求考生根据句意从所给的4个备选答案中选出一个最佳答案，填入空白处，使句子完整。Part II Vocabulary (10 minutes, 10 points, 1 for each)Directions: In this section there are 10 sentences, each with one word or phrase underlined.

3、Choose the one from the 4 choices marked A, B, C and D that best keeps the meaning of the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.11. Betty was offended because she felt that her friends had ignored her purposeful

4、ly at the party. A. desperately B. definitely C. deliberately D. decisively12. There has been enough playing around; so lets get down to business. A. make a deal B. begin our work C. reach an agreement D. change our plan13. How is it possible for our human body to convert yesterdays lunch into today

5、s muscle? A. alter B. develop C. modify D. turn14. It is important for families to observe their traditions even as their children get older. A. notice B. watch C. follow D. celebrate15. It is difficult to comprehend, but everything you have ever seen, smelt, heard or felt is merely your brains inte

6、rpretation of incoming stimuli. A. explanation B. evaluationC. recognition D. interruption16. Life is more important than the pressures and stresses that we place on ourselves over work and other commitments. A. appointments B. arrangements C. obligations D. devotions17. If you continue to indulge i

7、n computer games like this, your future will be at stake. A. in danger B. without question C. on guard D. at large18. Romantic novels, as opposed to realistic ones, tend to present idealized versions of life, often with a happy ending. A. in contrast to B. in regard to C. in terms of D. in light of。

8、19. Most people would agree that, although our age far surpasses all previous ages in knowledge, there has been no correlative increase in wisdom. A. improves B. precedes C. imposes D. exceeds20. Many students today display a disturbing willingness to choose institutions and careers on the basis of

9、earning potential. A. offensive B. depressive C. troublesome D. tiresomeDirections: In this section, there are 10 incomplete sentences. For each sentence there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence.Then mark the corresponding letter with a single bar acr

10、oss the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.11. My oldest son had just finished an _holiday stay prior to moving to a new a new job, and the next chapter in his life. A. enlarged B. expanded C. extended D. increased12. Blacks and American Indians _ less than 10% of students in the t

11、op 30 business schools, while they are about 28% of the U.S. population. A. make up B. take up C. reach out D. turn out13. With demand continuing to rise in _economies such as China and India, energy traders believe that oil futures are a good bet. A employing B. emerging C. embracing D. emitting14.

12、 Laws and regulations in each country have to be made _ the constitution of the country. A. in honor of B. in memory of C. in return for D. in line with15. The jurys _ was that the accused was guilty. A. verdict B. sentence C. trial D. debate16. In English learning, a _ cycle occurs when a student m

13、akes more errors after being scolded. A. vertical B. vicious C. vivid D. vigorous17. Isnt it _ when you learn something youve never known before? A. cool B. crazy C. cold D. cute (gorgeous )18. There are several factors_ the rapid growth of sales promotion, particularly in consumer markets. A. resor

14、ting to B. appealing to C. applying to D. contributing to19. The Internet has been developing at a speed _ peoples expectations in the past two decades. A. over B. of C. under D. beyond20. It is obvious that the sports games are no longer amateur affairs; they have become professionally_. A. laid of

15、f B. laid out C. put off D. put out第六版大纲后题型：11. I read the newspaper every day so that I can stay informed about current events. A. important B. international C. latest D. cultural12. After seven days in the desert, the explorer was relieved when he eventually found water. A. predictably B. finally

16、C. luckily D. accidentally13. When we gave the children ice cream, they immediately ceased crying. A. started B. continued C. resumed D. stopped14. The science teacher demonstrated the process of turning solid gold into liquid. A. showed B. elaborated C. devised D. simplified15. Johns application fo

17、r admission to graduate studies in the School of Education has been approved. A. entrance B. acceptance C. experience D. allowance16. Most college students in the United States live away from home. A. apart B. down C. elsewhere D. along 17. The pursuit of maximum profit often drives manufacturers to

18、 turn out things that can do harm to peoples health. A. preserve B. promote C. process D. produce18. Many different parts make up an airplane: the engine(s), the wings, the tail, and so on. A. compose B. decorate C. construct D. derive19. You make it sound as if I did it on purpose. A. carefully B.

19、unwillingly C. incredibly D. deliberately20. He could never have foreseen that one day his books would sell in millions. A. understood B. explained C. expected D. believedPart III 试题解析1. 形近词辨析1) Hague was elected as the Conservative Party leader partly because of his ambiguous views on Britains posi

20、tion in relation to its partners inthe European Union. A. ambitious B. obscure C. appalling D. indifferent 2) From observers estimates of the brightness of the fireball, he _ that the body in the space was between 40 feet and 260 feet in diameter. A. deduced B. reduced C. induced D. produced2. 同义词、近

21、义词辨析1) We have a responsibility to ensure our nations continued prosperity and the most sensible way to do this is by investment in basic scientific research.A. effective B. efficient C. significant D. reasonable2) Television advertisements do more than merely reflect dominant ideologies. A. exactly

22、 B. faithfully C. repeatedly D. simply 3) Among picture books for 4-8-year-olds, several outstanding works appeared that combined original stories with _ illustrations. A . imaginable B. imaginative C. imaginary D. imageless 3短语辨析1）Talks on climate change resumed in the German city of Bonn on July 1

23、6 to combat global warming.A. focus on B. settle down C. fight against D. sum up2）I would recommend this inn highly on account of its wonderful location.A. as a result of B. because of C. with regard to D. with a view to3）A leading British scholar has proposed translating Shakespeare into contempora

24、ry English _ young audiences who are confused by jokes which are 400 years out of date.A. in memory ofB. at the cost of C. on behalf of D. for the benefit of4. 辨认1) “Since we are exchanging _, I too have a secret to reveal,” said Mary.A. transferences B. transactions C. confidences D. promises2) In

25、spite of a problem with the faulty equipment, some very useful work was accomplished. A. imperfect B. temporary C. emergency D. reinstalled3) Chemists, physicists and mathematicians are _ known as scientists.A. collectively B. alternatively C. cognitively D. exclusively重点词汇训练1The authors of the Unit

26、ed States Constitution attempted to establish an effective national government while preserving _ for the states and liberty for individuals. A. autonomy B. dignity C. monopoly D. stability2Excellent films are those which _ national and cultural barriers. A) transcend B)traverse C) abolish D) suppre

27、ss3. Actor Pierce Brosnan may play the deadly super spy in the movies, but in real life he is a _ father and a loving husband. A. devastated B. deserved C. desperate D. devoted4. Television advertisements do more than merely reflect dominant ideologies. A. exactly B. faithfully C. repeatedly D. simp

28、ly 5. Sometimes, the messages are conveyed through deliberate, conscious gestures; other times, our bodies talk without our even knowing. A. definite B. intentional C. delicate D. interactive6. Changing from solid to liquid, water takes in heat from all substances near it, and this_ produces artific

29、ial cold surrounding it. A. absorption B. transition C. consumption D. interaction7. An increasing proportion of our population, unable to live without advanced medical_, will become progressively more reliant on expensive technology. A. interference B. interruption C. intervention D. interaction8.

30、The following account by the author _ the difference between European and American reactions. A. illustrates B. acquires C. demands D. deletes9. “Since we are exchanging _, I too have a secret to reveal,” said Mary. A. transferences B. transactions C. confidences D. promises10. The accepted criteria

31、 of adequate diet have been challenged by new discoveries in nutrition. A. formationsB. components C. standards D. ingredients11. The State Council will lay down new rules that aim to make management compatible with internationally accepted conventions. A. conferences B. conversations C. practices D

32、. formations12. Ones awareness, both conscious and unconscious, of what happened in the past has a strong influence on ones behavior. A. storageB. impressionC. perceptionD. memory13He is highly regarded by all his colleagues.A respectful B respected C respectable D respecting14My first discovery was

33、 that engineering only existed as a subgroup of science, hence science-engineering. A substance B subhead C subtitle D subdivision15Chinese enterprise managers and business educators are now exploring the potential of the Global Management Challenge, a simulated business management competition in it

34、s third year since it was introduced to China. A extracting B extending C studying D expanding16. Permanent capital, when needed and in the desired quantities, is often the hardest for a firm to obtain. A acquire B accumulate C accomplish D accrue17. Most people do not think the drug laws are too se

35、vere. A hostile B harsh C hasty D handy18. The audience applauded enthusiastically after the performance. A clapped B clashed C cast D crashed19. He was told that if he worked too hard, his health would suffer. A decay B decrease C deposit D deteriorate20. The exploration of outer space is a great t

36、riumph of modern science. A superior B symbol C succession D success21. He stripped the branch of its bark with his knife. A recovered B renewed C removed D received22. We can utilize water for producing electric power. A embrace B emerge C emphasize D employ23. The sun vanished behind a cloud. A di

37、sappointed B discarded C discharged D disappeared24 In a fog everything looks vague.A uncertain B uneasy C unclear D unexpected25. All foreign troops must withdraw from the country. A retire B retain C retreat D unexpected26. The teacher became frustrated when he found that his efforts had produced

38、even less obvious results. A discouraged B proud of himself C encouraged D scared27. The manager thought that Jims reasons for demanding an increase in wages were insufficient. A incredible B indirect C inadequate D inactive实训 Test 111Readers are required to abide by the rules of the library and min

39、d their manners.AobserveBmemorizeCreviewDcompose12The coach explained the regulations at length to make sure that none of his players would become violators.Aat last Bat large Cin detail Din short13The cost of healthcare and health insurance remains the most urgent health problem facing the country

40、today.Apressing Bimportant Cneglected Dcomplicated14She believes that she is not a good mother because she does not fit the stereotype of a woman who spends all her time with her children.Apopular image Bcommon standardCfixed conception Dpleasant notion15Thus the most logical approach is to focus ou

41、r analysis on the trade relations of Spain with other European countries.Areasoning Bconclusion Cposition Dmethod16We no longer keep up the close friendship of few years ago, though we still visit each other on occasion.Ain good time Bup to date Cnow and then Donce and for all17The university offere

42、d several more courses for the purpose of furthering the career aspirations of its students.Aambitions Bachievements Cadvantages Dadvances18Many women prefer to use cosmetics to enhance their beauty and make them look younger.Aenforce Bmagnify Cimprove Dpolish19The leaders of the two countries are p

43、lanning their summit meeting with a pledge to maintain and develop good ties.Astrategy Bstandpoint Cpromise Dpriority20Many youngsters have heard their parents say “Youll never amount to anything if you keep daydreaming that way!”Abe equal to Baccomplish Cadd up to DpursueSection BDirections: There

44、are 10 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence, there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.21Two decade ago a woman who

45、 shook hands with men on her own was usually views as too forward.AendeavorBinitiative Cmotivation Dpreference22The fruit more than half the countrys annual exports, according to a recent report.Aaccounts forBstands for Cprovides for Dmakes for23The violent of his youth reappeared and was directed n

46、ot only at the army, but at his wife as well.AimpatienceBcharacter Ctemper Dquality24This hypothesis states that environments that are too clean may actually make the _ system develop oversensitive responses.AmentalBnervous Cimmune Dphysical25The Adult Vocational College is an opportunity to gain th

47、e right qualifications for various careers, for it offers an range of subjects and courses.AadditionalBexcessive Cadequate Dextensive26Its disturbing to note how many of crimes we do know about were detected , not by systematic inspections or other security procedures.Aby accidentBon schedule Cin ge

48、neral Dat intervals27You can always Jim in a crisis, for he is simply the most helpful person Ive ever known.Arefer to Bcount on Ccope with Drun into28He wanted to stay at home, but at last he agreed, very though, to go to the concert.AdecisivelyBreluctantly Cwillingly Ddeliberately29The audience, h

49、ostile at first, were greatly by her excellent performance.AannoyedBencouraged Cimpressed Ddepressed30Many birds and insects can build nests to provide shelter for their young.AgloriousBelaborate Csplendid DadvancedTest 2 11. The news reports completely overlooked the more profound political implica

50、tions of the events.A. neglected B. foresaw C. explored D. assessed12. Teachers and nurses who deal with children are obliged to report cases of suspected child abuse to authorities.A. reminded B. expected C. compelled D. requested13. Your grade will be based in large part on the originality of your

51、 ideas.A. creativity B. popularity C. feasibility D. flexibility14. We suspect there is a quite deliberate attempt to sabotage the elections and undermine the electoral commission.A. conscious B. desperate C. clumsy D. intentional15. So strange were the circumstances of my story that I can scarcely

52、believe myself to have been a party to them.A. just B. hardly C. almost D. definitely16. Smoke particles and other air pollutants are often trapped in the atmosphere, thus forming dirty fog.A. constrained B. caught C. concealed D. concentrated17. Employees in chemical factories are entitled to recei

53、ve extra pay for doing hazardous work.A. poisonous B. difficult C. dangerous D. harmful18. Curt Carlson, the wealthiest man in Minnesota, owned a hotel and travel company with sales reaching in the neighborhood of $9 billion.A. precisely B. merely C. substantially D. approximately19. The tendency of

54、 the human body to reject foreign matter is the main obstacle to successful organ transplantation.A. factor B. constituent C. barrier D. break20. Whenever you need Tom, he is always there whether it be an ear or a helping hand, so you can always lean on him.A. count on B. benefit from C. stand for D

55、. stick to21. It_ without saying that consumers would be happier if prices were lower.A. takes B. appears C. makes D. goes22. The world economic recession put an _end to the steel market upturn that began in 2002.A. irregular B. illegal C. abrupt D. absurd23. Im _about how you discovered my website,

56、 and am very glad if you enjoy it.A. mysterious B. furious C. serious D. curious24. The Labor Partys electoral strategy, based on an _with other smaller parties, has proved successful.A. acquaintance B. integration C. alliance D. intimacy25. The new aircraft will be_ to a test of temperatures of -65

57、 and 120.A. suspended B. suppressed C. summoned D. subjected26. The money I got from teaching on the side was a useful_ to my ordinary income.A. profit B. supplement C. subsidy D. replacement27. Chinese people are now enjoying better dental health, as shown by the declining_ of tooth decay.A. treatm

58、ent B. incidence C. consequence D. misfortune28. Many countries have conservation programs to prevent certain_ of fish from becoming extinct.A. species B. sources C. numbers D. members29. Susan never took any cookery courses; she learned cooking by _useful tips from TV cookery programs.A. picking up

59、 B. bringing up C. putting up D. pulling up30. The President_ his deputy to act for him while he was abroad.A. promoted B. substituted C. authorized D. displacedTest 3 11. In his closing remarks， the chairman expressed his thanks to all those who had -contributed to the success of the conference. A.

60、 comments B. speech c. criticism D lecture12.Both Tom and his brother take after their father not only in appearance but also in character.A .comments B . speech C . criticism D. lecture13. The hurricane was incredibly devastating and left thousands homeless.A. forceful B .memorize C .protect D . ob