《测量平差》课程设计实习报告

1、 TOC o 1-5 h z HYPERLINK l bookmark0 o Current Document 第 1部分实习概述 1. HYPERLINK l bookmark2 o Current Document 课程设计名称及目的 1. HYPERLINK l bookmark4 o Current Document 课程设计要求1. HYPERLINK l bookmark6 o Current Document 第 2部分控制测量技术要求2. HYPERLINK l bookmark8 o Current Document 高程控制的技术要求 2. HYPERLINK l book

2、mark10 o Current Document 平面控制的技术要求 2. HYPERLINK l bookmark12 o Current Document 第 3部分控制网概况4. HYPERLINK l bookmark14 o Current Document 3.1测区概况 4. HYPERLINK l bookmark16 o Current Document 第 4部分条件平差 5. HYPERLINK l bookmark32 o Current Document 条件平差公式汇编 5. HYPERLINK l bookmark50 o Current Document 水准

3、网条件平差 5. HYPERLINK l bookmark64 o Current Document 平面控制网条件平差 8.第 5 部分间接平差 1.5.间接平差公式汇编 1.5水准网间接平差1.5 HYPERLINK l bookmark105 o Current Document 平面控制网间接平差1.9 HYPERLINK l bookmark125 o Current Document 第 6 部分精度评定及误差椭圆 2.7 HYPERLINK l bookmark127 o Current Document 高程间接平差的精度评定2.7 HYPERLINK l bookmark13

4、1 o Current Document 平面间接平差的精度评定2.7 HYPERLINK l bookmark133 o Current Document 平面间接平差的误差椭圆 2.8 HYPERLINK l bookmark143 o Current Document 第 7 部分 技术总结 3.0. HYPERLINK l bookmark145 o Current Document 第 8 部分 实习心得 3.1.第 1 部分 实习概述课程设计名称及目的课程设计名称：测量平差基础课程设计课程设计目的：通过控制测量外业工作采集的数据， 应用测量平差基础课程中所学的知识对数据进行处理，通

5、过数据处理更好的理解测量平差的两个基本任务：对带有观测误差的观测值， 列出误差方程， 求出改正数， 求出未知量的最可靠值；对测量成果进行精度评定。通过平差课程设计进一步掌握平差的函数模型和随机模型的建立， 掌握测量平差最常用的两种基础方法： 条件平差和间接平差， 并能对间接平差的成果进行评定精度。课程设计要求1.课程设计要求：I.控制网概况及测量数据的整理和检验；葭列出条件平差和间接平差的函数模型并进行线形化，将线形化后的系数 阵和常数向量列表；田.采用条件平差和间接平差的方法求控制点的高程和坐标平差值；IV.对控制点的坐标平差值进行精度评定，求出各点的点位中误差；对水准 测量求各点高程平差值

6、的高程中误差；VI.对平面控制网间接平差法计算的点位，计算并绘制点位误差椭圆；VD. 了解课程设计技术总结；叫.个人课程设计小结。第2部分控制测量技术要求高程控制的技术要求1.水准测量的主要技术要求:等级每千米图差 全中误差 (mm)闭合差 (mm)往返各一次二等 2 4/L2.平差前计算每千米水准测量高差全中误差:1 WW:N LM w高差全中误差(mm);W 闭合差；L 计算 W时，相应的路线长度(km);N 符合路线或闭合路线环的个数。3.若进行往返观测，计算每千米水准测量的高差偶然中误差:MdMd 高差偶然中误差(mm);水准路线往、返高差不符值(mm);L水准路线的测段长度；n往、返

7、测的水准路线测段数。(二等要求Md1mm)2.2平面控制的技术要求1.光电测距导线的主要技术要求:等级闭合或符 合导线全 长(km)平均边长(m)测距中误 差(mm)测角中误差 ()全长相对闭 合差二级2.4200158 1/100002.测距中误差计算:测距单位权中误差:p d d2ns单位权中误差；d 各边往、返测距离较差;ns 测距的边数;Pi 各边距离测量的先验权;PisiSi 测距先验中误差，根据测距仪的标称精度估算。任一边的实测距离中误差估值：1 m。,Pi江：宾得全站仪测距标称精度为 ( 2MM+2PBM因距离较短，影响测距精度的主要是固定误差，故可以认为各边为等精度观测，即可取

8、Pi均相等，求出3.的单位权中误差即可求出各边的测距中误差。测角中误差的计算：1 f fm . 一 N nf 符合导线或闭合导线环的方位角闭合差;n 计算f时的测站数;Nf的个数。如控制为单一的闭合或符合导线,染气的司脸三第3部分控制网概况3.1测区概况.测区环境叙述本测区位于重庆市南岸区重庆交通大学校园内从学生雅园小区到菁园操场 整个片区，交通便利，人口密集，气候炎热潮湿。很多测站上的工作都会受到不 同程度的人为干扰。测区中 H为已知点(H=200.000m X=10000.000m Y=10000.000m),H6到代的方位角已经给出(T=150o00 00)，要求根据实习数据 及已知点算

9、出各点高程和坐标。(注：在平面控制网间接平差中认定 H、H7都为 已知)该地形中局部坡度起伏较大，其中H-H4-H5-H6、H-H8-H9-H10、H2-H13-H14等的坡度较缓，其余路段的坡度都相对较陡，其中H7-H18-H19坡度最陡，测量难度也比较大，水准测量时水准路线要分为很多段。.测区概况图学生宿舍第4部分条件平差条件平差的函数模型为:条件平差的随机模型：条件方程：法方程：法方程的解：改正数方程：观测量平差值：4.1条件平差 公式汇编AL A 0或 AV W 0D 2Q 2P 1AV W 0N aa K W 0 aa1K Naa WaaV QAT K PA 1KI? L V4.2水

10、准网条件平差1.外业高差观测数据及其初步处理高程差件平差县始数据才;争使川营；：心初已式工士军菽“=】Khi_23F,990依.15$工其-36C. 57179. 141O.6317B377B1. 5E-67. ?7fl37.S5J儿彳由工盐学。，德风-39. 03372. 12O.9ZES34521. 44hs43.753；.-7 = 7:10,h.-674. 3037. 11g0. 573 9 473811. 74b;一d EN24.3Z3%10. 516=4.0440. 5251720E2L. 0he-jl. 3%；,kMgT工式坨-220. 275S9. 3770.54207GE3E1

11、. 1勺h r- 314W.4071,0774236 650, 93二工-601. 3,314H.4E10. 33E 7424222. 97tllL62：- 777工工工5060 2247130414, 43三142. 490. 25C301S1E2. 5hu黄-眦31O. 974C. 467；C3；M工14323.两心*5.2370. 9051502 &21. 10hi5350. 26 779,3220. 6 3034215二 59-52.4的1.245O.fil5M22 521. 22hr830. 4551S1. 3180. 3757586X23. 63333.t2.O5GC. 73294

12、59 S21. 2hi；约.而营式.Q. 9395&391. 041Bh2.水准网中有18个待定点，高差观测值个数n=21,必要观测数t=18,多余观测r=3 列出3个条件方程：V1V2V3V4V5V6V7V8V8V9V91V10V11V12V13V14V15V16VoV18V19IW1111111010000000001110.254000000110010000000000-0.002000000010101111111000-0.5253.定权并组成法方程。令 C=50，于是 Pi=C/Si , Qii = 1/P,则1. 861. 580. 761. 440. 881.740. 490

13、81.80Q21 211.190. 932. 974. 45852. 141. 101. 591.233.631. 26061.由条件方程知系数阵为3A00.254W1W20.002W30.525.根据 NaaAQA AP 1AT 的16.50.4901N aa0.0610.01230.0007Naa 0.492.51.080.01230.41280.02401.0818.60.00070.0240.0552.由此组成法方程NaaK W 0 为16.5 0.490k10. 2540.492.51.08k20. 002001.0818.6k30. 525解算法方程K N aa 1W 为- 0.0

14、151K - 0.00860.0287计算改正数和平差值。利用改正数方程V QAT K 和 L? L V 求得：-0.0282v2v3v4v5v6v7v8v8v9Vv9v10v11v12v13v14v15v16v17v18v19-0.0239 - 0.0115 - 0.0218 - 0.0133 - 0.0263 -0.0117 0.0217 -0.0272 0.0342 -0.0080 0.0853 0.1278 0.0819 0.0615 0.0316 0.0457 0.0353 -0.0549 - 0.0191 -0.0160L?1L?2L?3L?4L?5L?6L?7L?8L?8L?9L

15、?L VL?9L?10L?11L?12L?13L?14L?15L?16L?17L?18L?19- 238. 0182- 360. 5949- 67. 9815- 39 074810. 6457- 674. 6563- 6. 215710. 5377- 51. 5912- 220. 2438- 4 3220- 601 2377- 62. 6492- 95. 7081438. 5705333 7916250. 3127- 53 3737830 4001333. 7269263. 3600条件平差后各点高条高程条件平差后的高程陛H3H4H5H6HzH8HHi020695.023820457.0056

16、20096.410720028.429219989.354420000.000019325.343719319.128019329.665719109.4219H11H12H13H|4H15H16H|7H8H19J18508.184218445.535018349.826918788.397419122.189019372.501719267.536820097.936920431.66384.3平面控制网条件平差.外业角度距离观测数据及其初步处理雅园闭合圈导线坐标计算表点 号用度观测值改止数&改止后用度方位用水平距离视距差坐标增量改止后坐标增量坐标_mmAAX/maa Y/mAAX/mAA

17、Y/mx/mY/mH1167 38 10+02167 38 12290 27 1793.15632.555-87.28232.694-87.22510058.32010251.345H2183 05 36+02183 05 38-14.0150.1390.05710091.01410164.120292 32 5579.14130.348-73.09130.466-73.043H3114 22 37+02114 22 39-41.250.1180.04810121.48010091.077227 55 3437.891-25.3901-28.126-25.333-28.103H4160 03

18、02+03160 03 0534.2710.0570.02310096.14710062.974207 58 3972.162-63.729-33.853-63.621-33.809H5193 52 21+02193 52 23-28.4090.1080.04410032.52610029.165221 51 0243.753-32.591-29.192-32.526-29.165H6108 08 56+02108 08 5843.3630.0650.02710000.00010000.000150 00 0087.116-75.44543.558-75.31543.611H7204 47 1

19、0+03204 47 13-62.7930.1300.0539924.68510043.611174 47 1324.323-24.2222.210-24.1862.225H8125 11 40+03125 11 4365.4410.0360.0159900.49910045.836119 58 5689.764-44.85877.752-44.72477.807H17106 14 57+02106 14 5991.5540.1340.0559855.77510123.64346 13 59181.318125.422130.941125.693131.052H18173 34 29+0217

20、3 34 31-118.2620.2710.1119981.46810254.69539 48 2663.05648.44040.36948.53440.408H1983 00 37+0283 00 39-10.950.0940.03910030.00210295.103302 49 0552.10628.240-43.79028.318-43.758H10.0780.03210058.32010251.345W1619 59 35+251620 00 00823.786-1.230-0.5040.0000.000一教门前小三角形闭合圈导线坐标计算表点 号角度观测值改正数改正后角度方位角水平距

21、离视距差坐标增量改止后坐标增量坐标0 0 0 mmX/mY/mX/mY/mX/mY/mH794 28 27+0594 28 32174 47 1324.323-24.2222.210-24.2212.2099924.72010043.627H858 52 02+0558 52 0729.7210.001-0.0019900.49910045.836295 55 0654.04423.622-48.60823.623-48.610H926 39 16+0526 39 21-7.6370.001-0.0029924.1229997.22689 15 4546.4070.59746.4030.598

22、46.401H70.001-0.0029924.72010043.627艺179 59 45+15180 00 00124.774-0.0030.005菁园及足球场闭合圈导线坐标计算表点 号角度观测值改正数改正后角度方位角水平距离视距差坐标增量改正后坐标增量坐标0 mmX/mY/mX/mY/mX/mY/mH883 09 30-09r 83 09 21295 55 0654.04423.622-48.60823.636-48.6429900.49910045.836H9138 55 45-08138 55 375.3330.014-0.0349924.1359997.194254 50 4359

23、.377-15.522-57.312-15.507-57.350H10222 37 51-08222 37 4389.1040.015-0.0389908.6289939.844297 28 26148.48168.501-131.73568.539-131.830H1190 49 22-0890 49 1474.0250.038-0.0959977.1679808.014208 17 40222.506-196.228-104.898-196.171-105.040H1288 40 01-0888 39 53-80.0160.057-0.1429780.9969702.974116 57 3

24、3142.490-64.599127.006-64.562126.915H1394 37 42-0894 37 34-35.5160.037-0.0919716.4349829.88931 35 07106.97491.12756.02991.15455.961H14211 35 50-08211 35 42-51.7370.027-0.0689807.5889885.85063 10 4955.23724.92249.29524.93649.260H15194 55 32-09194 55 2324.0850.014-0.0359832.5249935.110F78 06 1279.3221

25、6.35277.61816.37277.567H16134 39 42-09134 39 33-17.9770.020-0.0519848.89610012.67732 45 4561.34551.58633.19751.60333.159H80.017-0.0389900.49910045.8361260 01 15-751260 00 00929.776-0.2390.5920.0000.000艺多余观测r=92.平面控制中有18个带定点，高差观测值个数n=44,必要观测数t=35,3.由Vjn1 Wt 0cos Ti Vs n12062.65(ynyi)v i ； WxsinT vs ；

26、2062.65(XnXi )V i n Wy列出9个条件方程:平面控制网条件方程V ”V 2V 3VMV 5VB6V”V7V 8V 8V 8V”V 9V 10V 11V 12V 13V 14V 15V 16V 17V 18V 19Vs111111111111111111111111-0.107-273571.1741.145-2.827-4.412-5.89-4.661-1.5773.6514.8246.9920.8981.4550.3945-12.186-7.957-4.416-3.053-1.414-2.114-2.222-5.994-12.348-14.307-0.9369zzj11-1

27、.146-0.394-3.7175.7948.9244.5043.2962.5022.3585.13911.5316.62210.4697.7565.3681.608%2VS3VS47s3VS6VS7VS8%8VS9VS9%10VS11%12VS13VS14VS15VS16%17%18%19W-25-1575-0.99590.43710.0129-0.30.0909-0.08990.99990.50.3835-0.6701-0.8831-0.7449-0.8660-0.9959-0.49970.69170.76860.5420-123.0-0.9236-0.7423-0.4691-0.6672

28、0.50.09090.8660.72220.6402-0.8404-50.40.4371-0.26140.4613-0.8805-0.45340.85190.45120.20610.841-23.9-0.8994-0.9652-0.8872-0.4740.89130.52380.89240.97850.541259.2.定权并组成法方程。知测角中误差(T B= 2.5,测边所用测距仪的标称精度公式(Ts= 2mm+2PpmD k m,由于D较小，可认为。s=2mm令。=。于是Pb=1,又Ps=(T 20/(T2s,则Ps=25/16。可得协因素阵123 个1Q444410. 640 .640.

29、6421 个0.640.640.64AQAT AP 1AT 得.由条件方程知系数阵A 和 W ，根据 Naaw1- 25w2- 15w375w4- 0. 3W91w50. 5w6- 123. 0w7- 50. 4w8- 23. 9w959. 2110000- 1.547- 66. 01100030- 2. 4642. 3190000009000019. 76360. 850- 2. 46406. 324- 2. 89920. 4950. 184300N aa02. 31902. 89923. 33960. 02920. 044500- 1.547000. 4950. 0292178. 2561

30、19. 94330066. 011000. 18430. 044519. 9433648. 7109000019. 763o000167. 907199. 41840060. 850000199. 4184646.11330. 2336- 0. 00080-0. 00090. 0001-0. 00060. 023800- 0. 00080. 748300. 0887- 0. 4427 -0. 0003- 0. 000100000. 30670000- 0. 0028-0. 0028- 0. 0090. 088700. 27330. 1756-0. 0007- 0. 0001001Naa0. 0

31、001- 0. 442700. 17560. 7593-0. 0004000- 0. 0006- 0. 00030-0. 0007- 0. 00040. 0056- 0. 0002000. 0238- 0. 00010-0. 00010-0. 00020. 0040000- 0. 002800000. 0094-0. 002600- 0. 00280000- 0. 00260.0056. 由此组成法方程Naa KW0，解算法方程KN aa aa1W为6.947511.4077- 21.41421. 2049K - 7.00910.66040.76350.59421.74177. 计算改正数和平

32、差值。利用改正数方程V QAT K 和 L? L V 求得：ViV2V3V4V5V6V7V7V8V8V9V9V ioVilVl2Vl3V 14Vi5Vi6V 17Vi8Vl94.22382.04150.31391.53844. 8265947574453. 0501436721.414211.407717. 98820. 542212. 69763.540910. 97982.12295.228910. 10617. 12686. 98841. 88753.01540. 29110.28920.64600.60250.64090. 12171. 55230. 95230.83631. 1753

33、4. 47540.81350.86320.82110. 90791.16641. 16910.92310. 64530. 63770. 1816L?L V167.6349183.0928114.3769160.0510193.8738108.1508204.788394.4750125.196883.152458.8704138.912226.6546222.627390.821888.670094.6289211.5958194.9255134.6569106.2511173.574283.009492.864978.851837.245071.559543.112186.994322.77

34、0754.996388.927758.201741.9316147.6675221.6428143.3111107.881956.403480.491162.2681181.963363.693751.92448.条件平差后各点坐标条件平差后坐标XYXXYKY 为%X已知Y6已知XY7为 % 为“10057.8150251.1140090.3950163.8240120.7320090.7110095.3200062.5520031.4960028.6710000.0000000.009924.6610043.497900.4380045.709924.069997.094X0Y0X1Y11X

35、2Y2X3Y3X4Y4X5Y5X6Y6X7Y7X8Y8X9 Y99908.559939.779976.969808.068780.805703.069716.225830.149807.349886.197832.279935.489848.6120013.119855.5750123.461981.21110254.58610029.5812)294.909间接平差的函数模型为：间接平差的随机模型：条件方程：法方程：法方程的解：观测量和参数的平差值：单位权中误差：平差参数X?的协方差阵:第5部分间接平差间接平差公式汇编 TOC o 1-5 h z L?B*d或 VB? l HYPERLINK

36、 l bookmark38 o Current Document D2Q2P1VBX? llL-L(BX0 d)(BTPB)% BTPl0 x? (BTPB)1BTPNbbWL?L V ,资 X0*0VTPVVTPV.r . n - tDX?20QX?20N 1BB水准网间接平差1.水准网中有18个待定点，高差观测值个数n=21,必要观测数t=18,多余观测r=3, 选取18个待定点的高程为参数。其中参数近似值如下： TOC o 1-5 h z 参数的近似值二|V 0V 0V 0V 0V 0VV 0V 0V 0X1X2X3X4X5X6 已知X7X8X920695.179 20457.189 2

37、 20096.618 1 20028.648 工 19989.595 20000 19325.37 T 19319.166丁 19329.682 Xi0X110X120Xi3Xi4X150X160X170X180Xi919109.40418508.08118445.30418349.51418788.02319121.78319372.0519267.60220098.05720431.803.列出21个误差方程:水准网间接平差方程Vx1x2x3x4x5x7x8x9x10 x11x12x13x14x15x16x17x18x19lV1-11V2-11V3-11V4-110.254V5-1V61V

38、7-11V8-11vg-11V9-11V91-1-0.002V10-11V11-11V12-11v13-11V14-11v15-11V161-1-0.525V17-11V18-11v191-1.定权并组成法方程。令 C=50，于是 Pi=C/Si , Qii=1/Pi,则1. 861. 580. 761.440. 881.740. 491. 081.801921 210. 93974. 452. 852. 141. 101.233.631. 26061.由条件方程可得矩阵B和Q可得:Nbb BTQ-1BNbb=1.48103-0.53763000000000000000 -0.9434-0.5

39、3761.170546-0.63290000000000 00 00 00-0.632911.94870000000000 00 00000-1.31580-0.694400000000 0 0 00000001.8308100000000 0 0 00000000 3.6908 -2.0408-1.075300000 0 0 00000000-2.0408 4.3353110.9259000000 -0.813-0.55560000000 -1.0753 -0.9259 2.84153 -0.84030000 0 0 0000000000P-0.84031.17704-0.336700000

40、00000000000-0.33670.56142-0.22470000000000000000000000-0.22470.5756-0.3509000000000000000-0.35090.81817-0.4673 1000000000000000-0.46731.37638-0.9091 |000000000000000-0.909111.53802-0.628900000000 -0.813000000-0.6289 j1.4419400000000 -0.5556000000000.83104-0.2755T- 000000000000000 -0.27551.06913 -0.7

41、937-0.9434000000000000000-0.79371 1.73705Nbb1Nbb1=|3.928142.8075341.855621.397740.530180.691690.847320.766020.771540.785320.80597 0.81920.829130.834230.841611.562863.005883.50676 2.807533.3359982.204911.660840.629970.49437 0.60560.547490.551440.561290.57605 0.5855 0.59260.596250.601521.117022.148372

42、.50637 1.855622.2049092.501611.884330.714750.326750.400270.361860.364470.370980.380740.386980.391670.394090.397570.738291.419961.65657 1.39774 1.660841.884331.991830.755520.24612 0.30150.272570.274540.279440.286790.291490.295030.296840.299470.556111.06958 1.2478 0.530180.6299743.714750.755520.832780

43、.093360.114360.103390.104130.105990.108780.110570.11191 0.11260.113590.21094 0.40570.47331 0.69169 0.494370.326750.246120.093361.555411.513871.53557 1.53411.530421.524911.521381.518731.51737 1.51541.322920.937820.80415 0.84732 0.60560.40027 0.30150.114361.513871.854491.676551.68863 1.71881.763991.79

44、2941.814671.825851.841991.620561.148820.98507 0.766020.5474920.361860.272570.103391.535571.676552.088742.060751.990871.886171.819121.768771.742891.705491.465071.038590.89056 0.771540.5514390.364470.274540.10413 1.53411.688632.060753.144642.879832.483062.228952.038151.94007 1.79831.475631.046080.8969

45、8 0.785320.5612890.370980.279440.105991.53042 1.7188 1.990872.879835.098513.972783.251812.710452.432182.029951.501991.06476 0.913 0.805970.5760480.380740.286790.108781.524911.763991.886172.483063.972786.204854.784373.717773.169522.377041.541491.092760.937010.81920.5855010.386980.291490.110571.521381

46、.792941.819122.228953.251814.78437 5.76594.362913.641742.599331.566781.110690.95238 0.829130.5925980.391670.295030.111911.518731.814671.768772.038152.710453.717774.362914.847333.996332.766251.585771.124160.96393 0.834230.5962470.394090.29684 0.11261.517371.825851.742891.940072.432183.169523.641743.9

47、96334.178592.852041.595541.131080.96986 0.84161 0.601520.397570.299470.11359 1.51541.841991.70549 1.79832.029952.377042.599332.766252.852042.976061.609651.141080.97844 1.562861.1170170.738290.556110.210941.322921.620561.465071.475631.501991.541491.566781.585771.595541.60965 2.98912.118981.81695 3.00

48、5882.1483741.419961.06958 0.40570.937821.148821.038591.046081.064761.092761.110691.124161.131081.141082.118984.075463.49457 3.506762.5063661.65657 1.24780.473310.804150.985070.890560.89698 0.9130.937010.952380.963930.969860.978441.816953.494574.07688W=B TQ-1l =0 0 0 -1.1764 -1.1764 -0.0022 -0.4268 0

49、.0022 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.4268 0 0 0T.由此组成法方程Nbbx?W 0 ,并解算法方程x?Nbb 1W得参数改正数和参数平差化x?望 X0 w-0.15531-0.18346-0.20738-0.218880.013321-0.02634-0.03799-0.01630.0178860.1032070.2310450.3129190.3743960.405997 0.451674 -0.06524 -0.12019 -0.13926.计算改正数和观测值的平差值。20695.0220457.0120096.4120028.4319989.6119325.3419319.1

50、319329.6719109.4218508.1818445.5418349.8318788.419122.1919372.519267.5420097.9420431.66VB?l 和 L?L V 得:-238.018-360.595-67.9815-39.0748 10.64568-674.656-6.21565 10.53769 -51.5912 -220.244-4.32204-601.238-62.6492-95.7081 438.5705 333.7916 250.3127-53.3737830.4001333.7269263.36L?L V-0.02816-0.02392-0.0

51、115-0.0218-0.01332 -0.02634 -0.01165 0.021691 -0.02725 0.034186-0.00804 0.085321 0.127838 0.081874 0.0614770.0316 0.045677 0.035335 -0.05495 -0.01907 -0.01605.间接平差后各点高条件程条件平差后的高程HiH2用 1H41H6H7H8HI020695.023820457.005620096.410720028.429219989.354420000.000019325.3437| 19319.128019329.665719109.4219叫

52、H12九HI5H16HI7|H3 |H918508.1842 18445.5350 18349.8269 18788.3974 19122.1890 19372.5017 19267.5368 20097.9369 20431.66385.2平面控制网间接平差.平面控制网中有17个待定点，高差观测值个数 n=43,必要观测数t=34,多余观 测r=9,选取17个待定点的X, Y为参数。其中起算数据和参数近似值如下：起算数据JH tp. 点为坐标（mm边长（mm方位角XYH610000.00010000.00086.9943150 00 00Hz9924.660710043.4972.定权并组成

53、法方程。知测角中误差 b= 2.5 ，测边所用测距仪的标称精度公式。s二2mm+2PpmD k m,由于 D 较小，可认为 cr s=2mm 令 cr 0= cr b,于是 Pb=1,又 Ps= 22.(T 0/(T s,则Ps=25/16。可得协因素阵1 1 11Q444423个110. 640. 640. 64坐标方位角改正数方程的系数计算表点号角度观测值方位角a 0水平距离s近似坐标增量近似坐标近似边长S0(m)S-S 0 (mm)l-l 0 ()a( /mm)b( /mm)一。，mX/mY/mX0(m)Y0(m)p AY/S 02p X/S 0X/S 0Y/S 0Hi167 38 10

54、290 27 0393.15632.555-87.28210057.68310250.97993.15600-2.07457230.77378730.3494676-0.936944H2183 05 36292 32 3979.14130.348-73.09110090.23810163.69779.14100-2.4070570.99943040.3834675-0.923554H3H4114 22 37160 03 02227 55 1637.891-25.390-28.12610120.58610090.60637.89100-4.0407444-3.647675-0.67008-0.7

55、42287207 58 1872.162-63.729-33.85310095.19610062.48072.16200-1.3409284-2.524326-0.883138-0.469125H5193 52 21221 50 3943.753-32.591-29.19210031.46710028.62742.54121375-3.3273188-3.714739-0.766126-0.686225H6108 08 561 50 00 008 6. 9943-75.44543.5581 00 00. 0001 00 00. 00086. 99 43001.18716716-2.056243

56、-0.8672410.5006995H7Ha204 47 10125 11 40174 47 1024.323-24.2222.2109 924. 66 11 00 43. 49724.323000.77051932-8.445031-0.9958480.0908605119 58 5089.764-44.85877.7529900.43910045.70789.764001.99036495-1.148315-0.4997330.8661824Hl7106 14 5746 13 47181.318125.422130.9419855.58110123.459181.318000.821522

57、30.78689620.69172390.7221622Hl8173 34 2939 48 1663.05648.44040.3699981.00310254.40063.056002.094212262.51290950.7682060.6402087H1983 00 37302 48 5352.10628.240-43.79010029.44310294.76952.10600-3.32678722.1454320.5419721-0.840402Hi-25.00H8H9H10H11H12H13H14H15H1683 09 30138 55 45222 37 5190 49 2288 40

58、 0194 37 42211 35 50194 55 32134 39 42295 55 0854.04423.622-48.6089900.43910045.70754.04400-3.43271951.66819660.4370883-0.899415254 50 5359.377-15.522-57.3129924.0619997.09959.37700-3.3530081-0.908106-0.261414-0.965222297 28 44148.48168.501-131.7359908.5399939.787148.48100-1.23249440.64088590.461345

59、2-0.887218208 18 06222.506-196.228-104.8989977.0409808.052222.50600-0.437028-0.817529-0.8819-0.471439116 58 07142.490-64.599127.0069780.8129703.154142.490001.29027121-0.65627-0.4533580.891332731 35 49106.97491.12756.0299716.2139830.160106.974001.00990831.64254070.85186120.523762863 11 3955.23724.922

60、49.2959807.3409886.18955.237003.332485321.68479970.45118310.892427278 07 1179.32216.35277.6189832.2629935.48479.322002.544489580.53605470.20614710.978517932 46 5361.34551.58633.1979848.61410013.10261.228117-251.826519162.83829310.8425230.5421866H875.0094 28 2758 52 0226 39 16-15.00H7 %H9H7174 47 252