2014年CATTI三级笔译综合能力真题及答案

1、第8题第4题CATTI三级笔译综合能力考试试题及答案解析（三）一、VocabularySelection(本大题20小题.每题1.0分，共20.0分。Inthispart,thereare20incompletesentences.Beloweachsentence,therearefourwordsorphrasesrespectivelymarkedbylettersA,B,CandD.Choosethewordorphrasewhichbestcompleteseachsentence.Thereisonlyonerightanswer.)第1题Marketingisjustdistri

2、butinggoodsfromthemanufacturertothefinalcustomer.AratherthanBotherthanCbiggerthanDmorethan第2题Themagicianpickedseveralpersonsfromtheaudienceandaskedthemtohelphimwiththeperformance.AbyaccidentBatrandomConoccasion第3题EnglishlanguagepublicationsinChinaaregrowinginvolumeand.AcirculationBrotationCcircumsta

3、nceDappreciationDuststormsmostoftenoccurinareaswherethegroundhaslittlevegetationtoprotectofthewind.AfromtheeffectsBittheeffectsCitfromtheeffectsDtheeffectsfromit第5题Onturningthecomer,theysawthepathsteeply.AdepartingBdescendingCdecreasing第6题Mostnursesarewomen,butinthehigherranksofthemedicalprofessionw

4、omenareaAscarcityBminorityCminimum第7题Withaneighty-hourweekandlittleenjoyment,lifemusthavebeenveryforthestudents.AhostileBanxiousCtediousDobscure第8题第4题Container-grownplantscanbeplantedatanytimeoftheyear,butinwinter.AshouldbeBwouldbeCpreferredDpreferably第9题Hydroponicsthecultivationofplantswithoutsoil.

5、AdoesBisCdoDare第10题Intheeighteenthcentury,thetownofBennington,Vermont,wasfamousforpottery.AitmadeBitsCthemakingDwhereits第11题Toimposecomputertechnologyteachersistocreateanenvironmentthatisnotconducivetolearning.AwithBtoCinDon第12题Goodpencilerasersaresoftenoughnotpaperbuthardenoughsothattheycrumblegrad

6、uallywhenused.AbydamagingBsothattheydamageCtodamageDdamaging第13题Bothlongitudeandlatitudeindegrees,minutesandseconds.AmeasuringBmeasuredCaremeasuredDbeingmeasured第14题OurflighttoGuangzhouwasbyabadfogandwehadtostaymuchlongerinthehotelthanwehadexpected.AdelayedBadjournedCcancelledDpreserved第15题ofhischil

7、dhoodhomeinHannibal,Missouri,providedMarkTwainwiththeinspirationfortwoofhismostpopularnovels.ARememberingBMemoriesCItwasthememoriesDHeremembered第16题Mostcometshavetwokindsoftails,onemadeupofdust,madeupofelectricallychargedparticlescalledplasma.AoneanotherBtheotherCotheronesDeachother第17题Wehavehadtora

8、isethepricesofourproductsbecauseoftheincreaseinthecostofmaterials.AprimitiveBroughCoriginalDraw第18题alanguagefamilyisagroupoflanguageswithacommonoriginandsimilarvocabulary,grammar,andsoundsystem.AWhatlinguistscallBItiscalledbylinguistsCLinguistscallitDWhatdolinguistscall第19题getolder,thegamestheyplayb

9、ecomeincreasinglycomplex.AChildrenBChildren,whentheyCAschildrenDForchildrento第20题Wheneverthegovernmentincreasespublicservices,becausemoreworkersareneededtocarryouttheseservices.AemploymenttoriseBemploymentrisesCwhichrisingemploymentDtheriseofemployment二、VocabularyReplacement(本大题15小题.每题1.0分，共15.0分。Th

10、ispartconsistsof15sentencesinwhichonewordorphraseisunderlined.Beloweachsentence,therearefourchoicesrespectivelymarkedbylettersA,B,CandD.YouaretoselecttheONEchoicethatcanreplacetheunderlinedwordwithoutcausinganygrammaticalerrororchangingtheprincipalmeaningofthesentence.Thereisonlyonerightanswer.)第1题P

11、ublicrelationspracticeisthedeliberate,plannedandsustainedefforttoestablishandmaintainmutualunderstandingbetweenanorganizationanditspublic.AcompleteBrelatedCintentionalDactive第2题Theserviceeconomydoesntsuggestthatweconvertourfactoriesintolaundriestosurvive.AimplyBpersuadeChurlDtransform第3题Theultimatec

12、auseoftheCivilWarwasthebombardmentofFortSumter.AonlyBfinalCtrueDspecial第4题Mostspeciesofthisplantthriveinordinarywell-drainedgardensoilandtheyarebestplanted8cmdeepand5cmapart.AdevelopwellBgrowtallerCmatureDbearfruit第5题Jimwasastoutoldgentleman,withaweather-beatencountenance.AbodyBskinCshoulderDpassion

13、ateinterest第6题Theuseofthenewtechnologywillhaveaprofoundeffectonschools.AnegativeBpositiveCstrongDuseful第7题Hehasatouchofeccentricityinhiscomposition.AessayBwritingCcharacterDmanner第8题Themoststrikingtechnologicalsuccessinthe20thcenturyisprobablythecomputerrevolution.AprofitableBproductiveCprominentDpr

14、ompt第9题Shellfishgivethedeceptiveappearanceofenjoyingapeacefulexistence,althoughinfactlifeisaconstantstruggleforthem.AmisleadingBcalmCunderstandableDinitial第10题Motivationisthedrivingforcewithinindividualsthatimpelsthemtoaction.AimpedesBinterferesCholdsDpushes第11题Scientificevidencefromdifferentdiscipl

15、inesdemonstratesthatinmosthumansthelefthemisphereofthebraincontrolslanguage.AgroupsoffollowersByearsCcountriesDfieldsofstudy第12题IfwelookattheChineseandBritishconceptsofhospitality,wefindonemajorsimilaritybutanumberofimportantdifferences.AhostilityBfriendlinessCmannerDculture第13题Itwasratherstrangehow

16、thehabitsofhisyouthclungtohimstill.Hewas72.AstucktoBturnedCledtoDgavewayto第14题Injustthreeyears,theNethasgonefromaplaygroundforthelocalpeopletoavastcommunicationsandtradingcenterwheremillionsswapinformationordodealsaroundtheworld.AbusinessBshoppingCchattingDmeeting第15题Noheroofancientormodemdayscansur

17、passtheIndianswiththeirloftycontemptofdeathandthefortitudewithwhichtheysustainitscruelestaffliction.AregardBcourageClossDtrick三、CorrectingGrammaticalErrors(本大题14小题.每题1.0分，共14.0分。Thispartconsistsof15sentencesinwhichthereisanunderlinedpartthatindicatesagrammaticalerrorBeloweachsentence,therearefourcho

18、icesrespectivelymarkedbylettersA,B,CandD.YouaretoselecttheONEchoiceandreplacetheunderlinedelement(s)sothattheerroriserasedandcorrected.Thereisonlyonerightanswer.)第1题ThefirstrecordeduseofnaturalgastolightstreetlampsitwasinthetownofFrederick,NewYork,in1825.AwasBisCitisDwere第2题Furnituremakersusegluetoh

19、oldjointstogetherandsometimestoreinforceit.AitsBfastChardDthem第3题Alllivingcreaturespassoninheritedtraitsfromonegenerationtoother.AtheotherBanotherCothersDotherone第4题Unlikecompetitiverunning,racewalkersmustalwayskeepsomeportionoftheirfeetincontactwiththeground.ArunBrunnerCrunnersDrunningrace第5题Theeas

20、ternbluebirdisconsideredthemostattractivebirdnativeofNorthAmericabymanybird-watchers.AnativeBnativewithCnativebyDnativeto第6题Machinesthatusehydraulicpressureincludingelevators,dentistchairs,andautomobilebrakes.AexcludeBexcludingCincludeDareincluded第7题Allrootvegetablesgrowunderground,andnotallvegetabl

21、esthatgrowundergroundareroots.AbutBorCasDthus第8题Allmammalshavehair,butnotalwaysevident.AbutitisnotBbutitisCbuttheyarenotDbuttheyare第9题Apromisingnoteisawrittenagreementtopayacertainsumofmoneyatsometimefuture.AtimefuturesBfuturesCfuturestimeDfuturetime第10题Notmuchpeoplerealizethatappleshavebeencultivat

22、edforover3,000years.ANotmanyBNotenoughCWithoutmanyDNomany第11题Althoughthesocialsciencesdifferentagreatdealfromoneanother,theyshareacommoninterestinhumanrelationship.AmoveBdifferCchangeDvaries第12题Thehard,outsurfaceofthetoothiscalledenamel.AoutsideBappearanceCouterDhiding第13题Theearliestformofartificial

23、lightingwasfire,whichalsoprovidedwarmandprotection.AhotBsunshineCwarmthDsafe第14题NewYorkCitysurpassedtheotherAtlanticseaportsinpartlybecauseitdevelopedthebesttransportationlinkswiththeinteriorofthecountry.ApartBpartialCpartnerDparting四、ReadingComprehension(共50小题，共50.0分)Inthissectionyouwillfindafterea

24、chofthepassagesanumberofquestionsorunfinishedstatementsaboutthepassage,eachwithfour(A,B,CandD)suggestedanswersorwaysoffinishing.Youmustchoosetheonewhichyouthinkfitsbest.第1题PhyllisWheatleyisregardedasAmericasfirstblackpoet.ShewasborninSenegal,Africa,about1753andbroughttoAmericaaboardaslaveshipatabout

25、theageofseven.JohnandSusannahWheatleyboughtherforthreepoundsataslaveauctioninBostonin1761tobeapersonalservantofMrs.Wheatley.Thefamilyhadthreeotherslaves,andallweretreatedwithrespect.Phylliswassoonacceptedasoneofthefamily,whichincludedbeingraisedandeducatedwiththeWheatleystwin15-year-oldchildren,Mary

26、andNathaniel.Atthattime,mostfemales,evenfrombetterfamilies,couldnotreadandwrite,butMarywasprobablyoneofthebesteducatedyoungwomeninBoston.Marywantedtobecomeateacher,andinfact,itwasMarywhodecidedtotakechargeofPhyllisseducation.Phyllissoondisplayedherremarkabletalents.AttheageoftwelveshewasreadingtheGr

27、eekandLatinclassicsandpassagesfromtheBible.Andeventually,Mrs.WheatleydecidedPhyllisshouldbecomeaChristian.AttheageofthirteenPhylliswroteherfirstpoem.ShebecameaBostonsensationaftershewroteapoemonthedeathoftheevangelicalpreacherGeorgeWhitfieldin1770.ItbecamecommonpracticeinBostontohaveMrs.WheatleysPhy

28、llisreadpoetryinpolitesociety.Marymarriedin1771,andPhyllislatermovedtothecountrybecauseofpoorhealth,asateacherandcaretakertoafarmersthreechildren.MaryhadtriedtointerestpublishersinPhyllisspoemsbutoncetheyheardshewasaNegrotheywerentinterested.Thenin1773PhylliswentwithNathaniel,whowasnowabusinessman,t

29、oLondon.Itwasthoughtthataseavoyagemightimproveherhealth.Thirty-nineofherpoemswerepublishedinLondonasPoemsonVariousSubjects,ReligiousandMoral.ItwasthefirstbookpublishedbyablackAmerican.In1775PhylliswroteapoemextollingtheaccomplishmentsofGeorgeWashingtonandsentittohim.Herespondedbypraisinghertalentsan

30、dinvitinghertovisithisheadquarters.Afterbothofherbenefactorsdiedin1777,andMarydiedin1778,Phylliswasfreedasaslave.Shemarriedin1778,movedawayfromBoston,andhadthreechildren.Butaftertheunhappymarriage,shemovedbacktoBoston,anddiedinpovertyattheageofthirty.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?ASlaveryandthetre

31、atmentoftheblackpeopleinAmerica.BTheWheatleyfamily,includingtheirslaves.CThelifeofAmericasfirstblackpoet.第2题TheunderlinedwordrespectinParagraph1isclosestinmeaningtoAconsiderationBdisregardCpunishment第3题Accordingtothepassage,howmanyslavesdidtheWheatleyshave?AOne.BTwo.CThree.DFour.第4题Accordingtothepas

32、sage,anunusualfeatureofMarywasthatsheAwasnotmucholderthanPhyllisBwantedtobecomeateacherCwascomparativelywelleducatedDdecidedtotakechargeofPhyllisseducation第5题TheunderlinedwordeventuallyinParagraph1isclosestinmeaningtoAultimatelyBslowlyCreluctantlyDgradually第6题WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutPhyllis

33、intheearly1770s?AShewroteherfirstpoemwheninherteens.BShemarriedin1771.CShebecameateacher.DShewasabletogetherpoemspublished.第7题TheunderlinedwordtheyinParagraph2refersto.ApublishersBpoemsCchildrenDblackpeople第8题ItcanbeinferredthatPhyllisstriptoEnglandwithNathanielin1773AdidnotimproveherhealthBwasforbu

34、sinessreasonsCledtobooksofherpoemsbeingavailableinAmericaDledtothepublicationofherpoemsbecausetheEnglishweremoreinterestedinreligiousandmoralsubjects第9题Thewordextollingisclosestinmeaningto.AwelcomingBstatingCbemoaningDpraising第10题WhichofthefollowingconclusionsaboutPhyllisissupportedbythepassage?AShe

35、wouldhavebeenmorerecognizedasapoetifshehadnotbeenblack.BShewouldhavewrittenpoetryifshehadstayedinAfrica.CShewentunrecognizedasapoetduringherlifetime.DSheonlywrotereligiouspoetry.第11题Aboutfiftyyearsago,plantphysiologistssetouttogrowrootsbythemselvesinsolutionsinlaboratoryflasks.Thescientistsfoundthat

36、thenutritionofisolatedrootswasquitesimple.Theyrequiredsugarandtheusualmineralsandvitamins.However,theydidnotrequireorganicnitrogencompounds.Theserootsgotalongfineonmineralinorganicnitrogen.Rootsarecapableofmakingtheirownproteinsandotherorganiccompounds.Theseactivitiesbyrootsrequireenergy,ofcourse.Th

37、eprocessofrespirationusessugartomakethehighenergycompoundATP,whichdrivesthebiochemicalreactions.Respirationalsorequiresoxygen.Highlyactiverootsrequireagooddealofoxygen.Thestudyofisolatedrootshasprovidedanunderstandingoftherelationshipbetweenshootsandrootsinintactplants.Theleavesoftheshootsprovidethe

38、rootswithsugarandvitamins,andtherootsprovidetheshootswithwaterandminerals.Inaddition,rootscanprovidetheshootswithorganicnitrogencompounds.Thiscomesinhandyforthegrowthofbudsintheearlyspringwhenleavesarenotyetfunctioning.Onceleavesbeginphotosynthesizing,theyproduceprotein,butonlymatureleavescanexportp

39、roteintotherestoftheplantintheformofaminoacids.Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?ATherelationshipbetweenaplantsrootsanditsshoots.BWhatcanbelearnedbygrowingrootsinisolation.CHowplantscanbegrownwithoutroots.DWhatelementsarenecessaryforthegrowthofplants.第12题TheunderlinedwordthemselvesinParagraph1refersto.

40、AplantphysiologistsBsolutionsClaboratoryflasksDroots第13题ThescientistsfoundwhattheisolatedrootsneedisAquitenaturalBsugar,mineralsandvitaminsCsomerarevitaminsDorganicnitrogencompounds第14题Rootshavetheabilityto.AmakeproteinsBobtainfreshairCproduceinorganicnitrogenDcarryoutactivitieswithoutenergy第15题Acco

41、rdingtothepassage,whatisATP?AAbiochemicalprocess.BThetipofaroot.CAchemicalcompound.DAtypeofplantcell.第16题TheunderlinedwordintactinParagraph2isclosestinmeaningtoAmatureBwildCwholeDtiny第17题TheuseofthephrasecomesinhandyunderlinedinParagraph2indicatesthattheprocessis.AunavoidableBpredictableCnecessaryDs

42、uccessful第18题Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat,intheearlyspring,thebudsofplants.AexportproteinintheformofaminoacidsBdonotrequirewaterChavebegunphotosynthesizingDobtainorganiccompoundsfromtheroot第19题Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheorganizationofthepassage?ATheresultsoftwoexperimentsarecompared.BAg

43、eneralizationismade,andseveralexamplesofitaregiven.CThefindingsofanexperimentareexplained.DAhypothesisispresented,andseveralmeansofprovingitaresuggested.第20题Whereisthispassagelikelytobefound?AAnewsletter.BAmagazine.CAstorybook.DAnovel.第21题Naturalflavoringsandfragrancesareoftencostlyandlimitedinsuppl

44、y.Forexample,thevitalingredientinarosefragranceisextractedfromnaturalroseoilatacostofthousandsofdollarsapound;anidenticalsyntheticsubstancecanbemadefor1%ofthiscost.Sincetheearlytwentiethcentury,successinreproducingthesesubstanceshascreatedanewindustrythattodayproduceshundredsofartificialflavorsandfr

45、agrances.Somenaturalfragrancesareeasilysynthesized;theseincludevanillin,thearomaticingredientinvanilla,andbenzaldehyde,thearomaticingredientinwildcherries.Otherfragrances,however,havedozens,evenhundredsofcomponents.Onlyrecentlyhasitbeenpossibletoseparateandidentifytheseingredientsbytheuseofgaschroma

46、tographyandspectroscopy.Oncethechemicalidentityisknown,itisoftenpossibletosynthesizethem.Nevertheless,somecomplexsubstances,suchasthearomaoffreshcoffee,havestillnotbeenduplicatedsatisfactorily.Manyofthechemicalcompoundsmakingupthesesyntheticsareidenticaltothosefoundinnature,andareasharmlessorharmful

47、asthenaturalsubstances.Newproductsmustbetestedforsafety,andwhenusedinfood,mustbeapprovedbytheU.S.FoodandDrugAdministration.Theavailabilityofsyntheticflavorsandfragranceshasmadepossiblealargevarietyofproducts,frominexpensivebeveragestoperfumedsoaptousedcarswithappliednewcarodor.Fromthepassagewecanlea

48、rnthat.AnaturalflavoringsandfragrancesarenotquitedearBthelimitationofnaturalflavoringsandfragrancesisclearCthesupplyofnaturalflavoringsandfragrancesisadequatetomeetthedemandDthecostofproducingnaturalflavoringsandfragrancesishigh第22题Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?ANaturalrosefragrance

49、is100timesmoreexpensivetoproducethanartificialrosefragrance.BThemostimportantingredientinarosefragranceisobtainedfromnaturalroseoilatalowcost.CAdifferentsyntheticsubstancecanbemadefor1%ofthecost.DNaturalroseoilcoststhesameasitsfragrances.第23题Theindustryofproducinghundredsofartificialflavorsandfragra

50、ncesprobablyappearedin.A2000B1953C1909D1810第24题Accordingtothepassage,allthefollowingareeasiertosynthesizeEXCEPT.AaromaticingredientinvanillaBvanillaCaromaticingredientinwildcherryDtheflavoroffreshcoffee第25题TheunderlinedwordduplicatedinParagraph2isclosestinmeaningtoAmakedoubleBmakeacopyofCproducesome

51、thingequaltoDtakefrom第26题WhydoestheauthormentionfreshcoffeeinParagraph2?AAsanexampleofcomplexsubstanceshavingnotbeenduplicatedsatisfactorily.BBecausethecoffeefragranceishardtoproduce.CToconcludethepassage.DThesmelloffreshcoffeeisinviting.第27题,asubstancecanbesynthesized.AUponidentifyingthebasiccompon

52、entsofitBOncechemicallyanalyzedCWhengaschromatographyisusedDIfspectroscopyisadopted第28题Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat.AvanilliniseasiertosynthesizethanbenzaldehydeBnotallsyntheticflavorsareharmlessCingeneral,thelesscomponentsthereareinafragrance,theharderitistosynthesizeDsynthesizedsubstancesmust

53、betestedforsafetyonlyiftheyareusedinfood第29题Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?AHowtoSynthesizeFragrancesBSyntheticSubstancesAreEasytoMakeCNaturalFlavoringsandFragrancesDSyntheticFlavorsandFragrances第30题WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothelastparagraph?ASyntheticfragrancescanbeused

54、tomakeausedcarsmelllikeanewone.BSyntheticflavorsandfragranceshaveaddedtothevarietiesofproducts.CLemonsoapismadeoutofsomedeliciouslemon.DItislikelythatabottleoforangejuiceissynthesized.第31题Somepeopleassociatemigrationmainlywithbirds.Birdsdotravelvastdistances,butmammalsalsomigrate.Anexampleisthecarib

55、ou,reindeerthatgrazeonthegrassyslopesofnorthernCanada.Whentheweatherturnscold,theytravelsouthuntilspring.Theirtracksaresowell-wornthattheyareclearlyvisiblefromtheair.AnothermigratingmammalistheAlaskafurseal.ThesesealsbreedonlyinthePribilotIslandsintheBeringSea.TheyoungareborninJuneandbySeptemberarestrongenoughtogowiththeirmothersonajourneyofover3,000miles.Togethertheyswim