八上英语语法总结加习题教程文件

1、八上英语语法总结加习题人生若没有一段想起来就热泪盈眶的奋斗史，那这一生就白活了。共勉英语复习提纲要点第一部分 英语四种时态归纳复习时态是英语学习中一个至关重要的内容，大家在实际运用时，往往对时态总是倍感棘手，下面我们就归纳复习一下这几种时态。一、一般现在时：概念 ：经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。时间状语：always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month)” once a weekSundays, etc.基本结构：be动词；行为动词(如果主语为第三人称单数，动词上要改为第三人称单数形式)否定形式： am

2、/is/are+not; 此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加 dont, 如主语为第三人称单数，则用 doesnt ，同时还原行为动词。一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首；用助动词do提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用does,同时，还原行为动词。基本用法表示经常性、习惯性的动作；表示现在的状态、特征和真理。句中常用 often, usually, every day 等时间状语。例如： a. He goes to school every day.b. He is very happy. c.The earth moves around the sun.在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，用一般

3、现在时表示将来。例如：If you come this afternoon, we ll have a meeting.When I graduate, I ll go to countryside.有时这个时态表示按计划、规定要发生的动作(句中都带有时间状语)，但限于少数动词，如： begin, come, leave, go ,arrive, start , stop, return, open, close 等。例如： a. The meeting begins at seven.b. The rain starts at nine in the morning.二、一般过去时： 概念

4、： 过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。, in 1989, ju时间状语：agQ yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week/year,/night,/month now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc.基本结构：be动词的过去式； 行为动词的过去式否定形式：was/were+not;在行为动t前加 didnt,同时还原行为动词。一般疑问句：was或were放于句首；用助动词do的过去式did提问，同时还原行为动词。三、

5、现在进行时：概念：表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。时间状语： now, at this time, these days, etc. （look! Listen!）基本结构：am/is/are+doing否定形式：am/is/are+not+doing.一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首。基本用法：a.表示现在（指说话人说话时）正在发生的事情。例如：We are waiting for you. 我们正在等你。b.习惯进行：表示长期的或重复性的动作，说话时动作未必正在进行。例如：Mr. Green is writing another novel.他在写另一部小说。（说话时并未在写，只处于

6、写作的状态。）c.表示渐变，这样的动词有： get, grow, become, turn, run, go, begin 等。例如：The leaves are turning red. 叶子在变红。Its getting warmer and warmer. 天越来越热了。d.与always, forever等词连用，表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态，往往带有说话人的主观色彩。例如： You are always changing your mind. 你老是改变主意。不用进行时的动词表示心理状态的动词， 如 know, realize, think, see, believe, sup

7、pose, imagine, agree, recognize, remember, want, need, forget, prefer, mean, understand, love, hate。例如：I need your help.我需要你的帮助。He loves her very much.他爱她彳艮深。瞬间动词，如 accept, receive, complete, finish, give, allow, decide, refus殍。例如：I accept your advice.我接受你的劝告。系动t如 seem, remain, lie, see, hear, smell

8、, feel, taste, get, become, tuft。例如：You seem a little tired.你看上去有点累。四、一般将来时：概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。时间状语：tomorrow, next day/week/month/year ，soon, in a few minutes, by,the day aftertomorrow, etc.基本结构：am/is/are going to + V原；will/shall + V 原.否定形式：am/is/are not going to +V原；will/shall + not+V 原

9、一般疑问句：be放于句首；will/shall提到句首。基本用法shall用于第一人称，常被 will所代替。will在陈述句中用于各人称，在征求意见时常用于第二人称。例如：Which paragraph shall I read first?我先读哪一段呢？Will you be at home at seven this evening今晚七点回家好吗？be going to +V原,表示将来。a.主语的意图，即将做某事。例如： What are you going to do tomorrow?明天打算作什么呢？b.计划，安排要发生的事。例如：The play is going to b

10、e produced next month 这出戏下月开播。c.有迹象要发生的事。例如：Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm.看那乌云，快要下雨了。英语时态综合练习(一)一般现在时一.用词的适当形式填空。Miss Guo (teach) us Chinese this term. She (be) a very good teacher. She often (talk) withus after class. Many of us like (talk) with her.Where their father(work)?

11、 He (work) on a farm.What time the shop (close)? It (close) at nine oclock in the evening.He (go) to school by bus every day.Tom can not walk fast because he (carry) a heavy box.She often (read) English in the evening.She (go) to school at eight o clock.He usually up at 17:00. (get)She (live) in Bei

12、jing.二、句型转换：I like the red sofa. ( 变否定句 )She has a nice cap. (变一般疑问句，并做肯定及否定回答)I am a bus driver. (变一般疑问句并做肯定回答 )They play football in the garden everyday. ( 变成否定句 )There is an egg in the basket.(变成复数形式的句子 )(二)一般过去时一将下列动词变成过去式。lookwatchlikehopedecide_ plan_ stop_ carrystudy_ play_ stayletput_ read_

13、catch teachbuy_ bring_ think sitwrite_ drive_ ringsinkrungive_ win _ know grow_ throw_draw _ showfeelsleep_ keepsweepmeet二、 用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。号内所给动词的适当形式填空。I(buy) a new dictionary the day before yesterday. What day(be) it yesterday? It(be) Friday.He(be) here half an hour ago.We often(play) games last

14、term.She(give) me a book a moment ago.The girl(get) up very early this morning.They(take) photos near the river an hour ago.He (not watch) TV yesterday evening. Why(be) the boy late for school? Because he (be) ill.Mr. Green (come) to visit me last night.The teacher(agree) to our idea yesterday.They(

15、make) him work twelve hours a day last year.I(see) him in the library two days ago.She(write) her address on the blackboard ten minutes ago.三、按要求改写下列各句。1. I was at home this morning. ( 改为一般疑问句，并作否定回答)2. He did morning exercises in the morning. ( 改为否定句 )七、3. They had a big dinner yesterday. ( 改为一般疑问句

16、，并作肯定回答 )九、went to see my uncle last Sunday.(改为否定句 )四、选择填空。一 What did your father do when he was in England?He in a car factory.A. work B. worked C. is working D. will work-he at this school last term? - Yes, I think so.A. Did; study B. Does; study C. Was; study D. Did; studied一 Who cleaned the blac

17、kboard yesterday, Dick?John.A. cleaned B. does C. did D. isThere a lot of people at the street corner when the accident (事故)happened (发生).A. was B. were C. have been D. hadHe turned off the lights and thenA. leaves B. left C. will leave D. is leaving Hi, Kate. You look tired. Whats the matter?I well

18、 last night.A. didnt sleep B. dont sleep C. havent slept D. wont sleepJenny went into the room, took off his coat and down on a sofa.A. would sit B. was sitting C. sat D. had satEveryone there when the meeting began.A. was B. is C. are D. Were- Your phone number again? I quite catch it.- Its 6956844

19、2.A. didnt B. couldnt C. dont D. cant(三)现在进行时一、用现在进行时完成下列句子：Whatyou(do)?I(sing) an English song.What he(mend)?He(mend) a car.you(fly) a kite? Yes, .she(sit) in the boat?you(ask) questions?We(play) games now.、单项选择) 1. 我在照看孩子.(A)I am looking after the baby. (B)Im look aftering the baby.(C)I look am af

20、tering the baby. (D)I looking after the baby.) 2.friends makinga kite.(A)I, me (B) My, my (C)My,me (D)His,his)3.Is the woman yellow your teacher?(A)in (B)putting on (C)wearing (D)having)4.Look!The twinstheir mother do the housework.(A)are wanting (B)help (C)are helping (D)are looking)5.are the birds

21、 doing? They are singing in a tree.(A)Who (B)What (C)How (D)Where)6.Is shesomething?(A)eat (B)eating (C)eatting (D)eats TOC o 1-5 h z )7.你在干什么?(A)What is you doing? (B)What are you do?(C)What are you doing? (D)What do you do?)8.What are you listening?(A)/ (B)for (C)at (D)to)9. 我正在听他说话.(A)I listening

22、 to him. (B)Im listening to him.(C)Im listen to him. (D)Im listening him.)10.They aretheir clothes.(A)making (B)putting(C)put away(D)putting on)11.Listen! Shein the classroom.(A)is singing (B)sing (C)to sing(D)is sing)12.Today Jimhis white shirt and brown trousers.(A)is putting on (B)wear (C)put on

23、(D)is wearing)13.are you eating?Im eatingmeat.(A)What,some (B)Which,any (C)Where,not (D)What,a( )14.TheyTV in the evening.They do their homework.(A)are watching (B)cant watching (C)dont watch (D)dont watching( )15.The childrenfootball.(A)is playing (B)are playing (C)play the (D)play a()16.They are f

24、lying kites.(A)他们喜欢放风筝.(B)他们在放风筝吗？(C)他们在放风筝.(D)他们常放风筝.()17.Look,They are swimming in the river.I want you.(A)to go with (B)go with (C)helping(D)help()18.Look.Lucy is a new bike today.(A)jumping (B)running (C)riding(D)taking(四)一般将来时()1. Her hope the 2008 Olympic Games.A. to take part in B. is to take

25、 part in C. taking part in D. will take part in()2. - Can I go to Beijing for my holiday, Dad? - You can when you a bit older.A. will get B. get C. are getting D. got()3. If he harder, he will catch up with us soon.A. study B. studies C. will study D. studied()4. - Don t forget to ask him to write t

26、o me.-I won t. As soon as he, Ill ask him to write to you.A. will come B. came C. comes D. is coming()5. - Jimmy is leaving for a holiday.-Really? Where he?A. has; gone B. will; go C. did; go D. would; go()6. Frank to see his grandma if he free tomorrow.A. will come; will be B. comes; isC. will come

27、; is D. comes; will be()7. There a talk on science in our school next Monday.A. will give B. will be C. is going to give D. is()8. - Shall we go shopping now?-Sorry, I can t. I my shirts.A. wash B. washes C. washed D. am washing()9. I believe that those mountains with trees in a few years time.A. ar

28、e covered B. will be covered C. are covering D. will cover()10. It is said that about 400 cars in the factory next month.A. were produced B. will produce C. are produced D. will be produced()11.- Are you free this afternoon?-No. I ll have an English composition this afternoon.A. to write B. wrote C.

29、 to be writing D. to be written ()12. - Come back home every month.- I .A. will B. must C. should D. can（ ）13. A robot think of itself; it be told what to do.A. can t; must B. couldn t; can C. may not; will D. mustn t, may第二部分 形容词副词的比较级（形容词比较级的基本用法参看课本P114 Grammar ）一 . 比较级和最高级的构成：.规则变化：一般在词尾加-er -es

30、t例如：calm-calmer-calmest tall-taller-tallest smart-smarter-smartest以字母e 结尾的直接在词尾加 -r -st例如：nice-nicer-nicest fine-finer-finest large-larger-largest以辅音 +y 结尾的词，变y 为 i, 再加 -er/-est例如：early-earlier-earliest happy-happier-happiest busy-busier-busiest以重读闭音节单个辅音字母结尾的词，双写辅音字母，再加-er/-est例如：big-bigger-biggest

31、 thin-thinner-thinnest hot-hotter-hottest fat-fatter-fattest多音节或部分双音节的形容词在原级前面加more/most例如：popular-more popular-most popular important-more important-most important. 不规则变化：（重点记忆）好 good / well better best坏 bad / badly /ill worse worst多 many / much more most少 little less least老 old older / elder oldes

32、t / eldest远 far farther /further farthest / furthest注意 friendly 的比较级和最高级有两个： friendly friendlier/more friendly friendliest /most friendly二 . 比较级的用法：当两个人或事物(A和B)进行比较时，我们需要用到形容词(副词)的原级或者比较 级。.原级比较：表达A和B(的情况)一样the sameas (P20： 1b & P21 : 2b)公式:A+ be 动词 +as+形容词 原级+as+B I am the same tall as you. / His d

33、ream is the same as mine.A+ 实义动词 +as+IP词原级 +as+B He runs the same fast as I. /This is the same tool as I used yesterday.as- as (= the samea (P18: 2b & P19: G.F./3a)公式：A+ be动词的否定形式+as+形容词原级+as+B I am as tall as you.A+动词 +as+IP词原级 +as-+BHe runs as fast as I.注意：A不如B用not as/so幽结构。公式:A+ be 动词的否定形式 +as/so

34、+fl 容词原级 +as+B I am not as/so tall as you.A+助动词的否定形式+动词原形+as+副词+as+BHe doesnt run as fast as I.造句：Jim 唱的和 Tom样好。 (the same- as)Jim唱的和 Tom 一样好。(asas )Jim唱的不如Tom好。 (3)运用原级时要注意的问题：as long as和一样长；长达之久；只要；既然找出as long as对应的意思，标出序号：It took him as long as 6 hours to do his homework.My rope is as long as you

35、rs. As long as you are going, Ill go too. As long as you tell truth, I ll try. tohel you另外：请说明课本P21： 2b部分第一篇文章最后一句中as long as的意思：.比较级：表达A比B(1)表示“A比B更一”：adj.比较级+thane.g. I am taller than you.(单音节)e.g. You are more beautiful than Tina.(多音节)(2)表示 两个当中较的一个：the +adj.比较级of范围(the two/the twins)注意of后面的范围!e.

36、g. Tom is the taller of the two.(单音节)e.g. Tina isjhe more beautiful of the twins.(多音节)(3)表示 越来越”：adj.比较级+and+ adj.比较级。e.g. It is getting warmer and warmer.(单音节)e.g. Our country is becoming more and more beautiful1多音节)(4)表示 越，就越：The+ adj.比较级，the+ adj.比较级e.g. The bigger, the better越大越好。(单音节)The more,

37、the better.越多越好/多多益善。e.g. The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you will mak肺越细心，犯错就越少。(多首节).运用形容词、副词比较级应当注意的问题：(1)比较级前面可以加上表示 优劣程度”的词或短语，意思是 更”，“得”。常见词有much, a little, even, a lot, a great dea。 ( P21 ： 2b )e.g. He is much taller than I他比我要高得多。I jump a little higher than he 我跳得比他高一点点。He gets

38、even worse than yesterday.(的病情) 比昨天更糟。(2)特殊用法：比较级前面可以加上表示具体数量差别的结构，表示具体“大多少”，“小多少”，“长多少”，“短多少”等。e.g. I am two years older than heft 比他大两岁。This building is 20 meters higher than that one.(3)按语法规则，than后面的人称代词应当用主格，但口语当中有时会用宾格代替主格。e.g. He is more careful than I (me).(4)要注意比较对象的一致性：只有同类的事物才能进行比较。判断： A:

39、Her bag is bigger than mine.( )Her bag is bigger than I.( )B: The weather in Jilin is much colder than that in Hainan.( )The weather in Jilin is much colder than Hainan. ( )(5)要注意比较的范围判断： A: Jack is taller than any students in his class. ()Jack is taller than any other students in his class.( )Jack

40、is in Class 1.Jack is taller than any students in Class 2.()Jack is taller than any other students in Class 2.()填空 China is larger than country in Asia.China is larger than country in Europe.针对性训练That boy looks as as a boxer.A. strong B. stronger C. strongest D. more strongThe Summer Palace is than

41、Zhong Shan park.A. biger B. more big C. the biggest D. biggerWhich do you like, apples or oranges?A. good B. better C. best D. well-Oh, the food is bad.-I think so .And the service服务)is.A. the worst B. worse C. badder D. the worse-You have the same coat as I.-No, Mine is , but not so as yours.A. bet

42、ter, expensiveB. better, more expensiveC. much better, more expensive D. good, more expensiveThe experts think thatIndia population may be tharChina 2020.A. much, by B. more, in C. larger, by D. larger, onThis year our school is than it was last year.A. much beautiful B. the most beautiful C. beauti

43、fuler D. much more beautifulyou work,knowledge you will get.A. The harder, more B. The harder, the more C. Harder, the more D. Harder, moreHe has friends than I.A. much more B. many more C. very more D. too moreShe draws better than .( P21： 2b )A. us all B. we all C. all us D. all weShanghai is larg

44、er than city in China.A. any B. any other C. the othersD. any elseI (not sure whether Mary can sing Anna.A. as well as B. as good as C. as better as（形容词、副词最高级的基本用法参看课本P114 -115Gramma。.最高级的构成规则（略）：【参见之前比较级的构成规则】.最高级的用法:当三个或三个以上的人或事物进行比较时，我们需要用到形容词（副词）的最高级 最高级的常用句型：the+形容词（副词）的最高级：表达”是中最的”。后可加表范围的介词短语

45、或从句公式：主语+be动词+the + 形容词最高级+ （名词）+表示范围的介词短语或从句 主语+实义动词+ （the） +副词最高级+表示范围的介词短语或从句E.g. He is the tallest （student） in our class.He jumps the highest of the three boys.This is the best book that I have ever read.one of +the +最高级+复数名词：表示 最一的一中一个”。E.g. He is one of the best students in our clas她是我们班最好的学生

46、之。This is one of the most beautiful flowers in the garden这是花园里最漂亮的花之。the +序数词+形容词最高级+单数名词：表示“第几大/高/长”。E.g. Huanghe is the second longest river in ChinaIt 河是中国第二长河。(特殊疑问词+be ) + the +最高级，A, B or C?用于三选一的选择疑问句。E.g. Which is the biggest, the sun, the moon or the earth太阳、月球和地球哪个最大?.形容词的最高级前面有定冠词the，而副词的

47、最高级前面定冠词the可以省略。但在形容词最 高级前有物主代词时，不能要定冠词the.常见的用来表示范围的介词有in, of, amongin表示环境范围，通常用于在一定范围内的比较,后常接表示区域、时间、单位、团体等 的名词或代词，并且后面的名词和主语不是同一概念的范畴。E.g. The Changjiang River is the longest river in China.London is the biggest city in Britain.She sings the best in Class Two.The child was very young, but he wasn

48、t the youngest in the family.of表示对象范围.一般用于同类事物间的比较，且of后的名词与亦语是同一概念范峻。A: of the+基数词(+名词复数)结构，指的是具体数目中，表示 个之中最。Peter is the oldest boyof the three boys.This is the smallestof the three.This is the shortestof the four roads.B:of all / of all+(the)+名词复数/ of all+ones+名词复数，表示其中之最。Of all choices, this is t

49、he best.在各种办法之中，这种最好。Hes the most intelligent of all the students.Of all my hobbies, swimming is my favorite.They all spoke English badly, but Jack spoke the worst of them.3) of, among用于在多数同类事物中(通常为三者以上)进行比较，表示其中之最，后面一般接 名词或代词。同of一样，也表示对象范围，因此 among与of有时可互换使用。Li Ming is the most handsome among(of) t

50、he boys.This book is the best among the modern novels.3)The picture is the most beautiful among these.此外， among 后面还可以接形容词的最高级，表示其中之一的含义。例句： London is among the largest cities in the world.Hangzhou is among the most beautiful cities in China.表示最高程度的形容词，如 favorite/ excellent/ extreme/ perfect等，没有最高级，也

51、不能用比 较级。. 形容词最高级前如果有物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格、序数词等修饰时，不能再用定冠词 the.E.g. This is my most beautiful clothe. ( )This is my the most beautiful clothe. ( )【针对性训练】Shu-how Lin is now one of basketball players in the NBA.A. popular B. more popular C the most popularShe prefers football because she thinks its among all

52、 sports.A. interesting B. more interesting C. the most interesting Which city haspopulation, Beijing, Guiyang or Luoyang? Luoyang, of course.A. the largest B. the smallest C. the mostD. the leastJay Chou is one of thesingers in China.A. famous B. more famous C. most famousWho listens, Tom, Jack or B

53、ill?A. the most carefully B. more carefully C. the most careful D. more careful Today is theday in my life, because I won the first prize in the competition. Congratulation!A. happy B. happiest C. happier D. much happier一 Which is the season of a year? Summer.A. hot B. hotter C. hottest D. hotestOf

54、all the students, she looks .A, the happiest B. the most happiest C. happier D. happy What kind of music do you like, folk music, pop music or classical music? Classical music.A. well B. better C. bestChina is the thirdcountry in the worldA. large B. largest C. larger D. as large asTom isof the thre

55、e.A. the funnier B. funniest C. the funniest D. the most funnySara isin my family.A. outgoing B. more outgoing C, most outgoing D. the most outgoingall the students in his class, Mary is the shortest.A. In B. For C. From D. OfHong Kong is more crowded thanin South America.A. any city B. any other ci

56、ty C. other cities D. the other citiesWho jumps in your class?A. higher B. the highest C. taller D. Tallest第三部分 八年级非谓语动词to do ）做宾语want to do sth想要做某事would like to do sth想要做某事hope to do sth希望做某事decide to do sthft定做某事seem to do sth似乎要做某事learn to do sth学习做某事wish to do sth 希望做某事plan to do sth 计划做某事can w

57、ait to do sth迫不及待地做某事use sth to do sthffi某物做某事stay up late to do sth 熬夜做某事beafraid to do sth 害怕做某事Its time to do sth 到做某事的时间了 It is+ adj.+ to do sth 做某事是怎样的the first man to do sth做某的事第一个人 the last man to do sth做某事的最后一个人 be sorry/happy to do sth 做某事很遗憾、高兴It is +adj.+ for sb+ to do sth.对某人来说做某事是怎样的It

58、is +adj. + of sb + to do sth. 做某事的某人是怎样的It takes sb some time to do sth某事花费某人多长时间二、只能加动名词（ doing ）做宾语mind doing sth 介意做某事finish doing sth 做完某事practice doing sth 练习做某事 enjoy doing sth 喜爱做某事keep on doing sth.反复做某事keep doing sth不停地做某事imagine doing sth.幻想做某事practice doing sth 练习做某事spend doing sth花时间或钱做某

59、事suggest doing sthft议做某事miss doing sth错过做某事，想念做某事be busy doing sth忙于做某事feel like doing sth想要做某事have trouble （in） doing sth做某事很费劲 /困难have fun doing sth做某事彳艮愉快have a good time doing sth故某事彳艮高兴be good at doing sth 擅长做某事have problems doing sth故某事很费劲/困难介词 + doing sth（after doing sth 做某事后before doing sth

60、做某事之前）go doing sth去做某事can t stand doing sth.不能忍受做某事be bad for doing sth不禾于做某事be good for doing sth有禾于做某事be interested in doing sth 对做某事感兴趣take turns doing sth 轮流做某事can t heldpoing sth= can t stop doing sth 情不自禁地做某事find doing sth + adj. 发现做某事是怎样的 = find it +adj.+ to do sthlook forward to doing sth.盼望