英语阅读理解做题技巧课件

1、初中英语阅读理解 做题技巧 网站版权所有阅读是语言学习中不可缺少的重要一环，纵观近几年来尤其是2013年的中考试题，不难发现阅读理解题在各地中考试卷中所占比重较大。所以，做好阅读理解题，是获得英语中考高分的关键！了解中考英语阅读理解的命题特点，掌握解题技巧是提高中考成绩的有效途径。 网站版权所有命题特点中考阅读理解的阅读材料的选取一般遵循三个原则： 1.阅读文章不少于三篇，阅读量在1，000单词左右；2.题材广泛，包括科普，社会，文化，政治，经济等；3.体裁多样，包阔记叙文，说明文，应用文等。 网站版权所有做阅读理解时，可遵循三部曲的原则 第二步，认真逐题作答。 第三步，仔细校对所选答案。 第

2、一步，快速阅读短文；通读测试题，明确考查点。 网站版权所有阅读理解题型主旨归纳题 猜测词义题 推理判断题 细节理解题 网站版权所有要快速浏览全文，掌握主旨和大意，特别注意文章的主题句，理出作者的写作思路。(What is the idea？What are facts？)要尽快浏览课文后的思考题，尽量带着问题读； 完成事实细节题时，要找到定位句； 要把有关WHO，WHAT，WHERE，HOW和WHY等方面内容用笔圈画出来。 遇到推理判断题时，要注意作者的态度和命题人的意图，不可从个人的经验出发。 阅读技巧 网站版权所有(一)根据生活常识猜测词义 一、猜测词义题 Eg: Children are

3、 always boasting.They say things like“My Dads car is bigger than your Dads，”“My Mom is smarter than yours.”and“My family has more money than yours.” The word“boasting” means _ A.骄傲 B.吹牛 C.顽皮 D.幼稚 Eg:Many plants and animals are going extinct. Mammoths，which are related(有关联的) with Asia elephants，are n

4、ow extinct.There are no mammoths in the world today. 1.A mammoth is a kind of _. A.plant B.bird C.animal D.tree 2.The word“ extinct” means _ A.出现 B.危险 C.灭绝 网站版权所有(二)根据上下文的意思来猜测 1.Some people like to walk quickly home after work，but I prefer to stroll home and look at the store windows along the way.

5、2.She is usually prompt for all her classes，but today she arrives quite late.3.The door is so low that I hit my head on the lintel. (溜达)(准时的)(门梁) 网站版权所有(三)根据转折、因果关系猜测词义 通过因果关系猜词，首先是找出生词与上下文之间的逻辑关系，然后才能猜词。有时文章借助关联词(如because，as，since，for，so，thus，as a result，of course，therefore等等)表示前因后果。例如： You shouldn

6、t have blamed him for that，for it wasnt his fault.通过for引出的句子所表示的原因(那不是他的错)，可猜出blame的词义是“责备”。 网站版权所有(四)通过同义词和反义词的关系猜词 通过同义词猜词:一是要看由and或or连接的同义词词组,如happy and gay，即使我们不认识gay这个词，也可以知道它是愉快的意思；二是看在进一步解释的过程中使用的同义词，如Man has known something about the planets Venus，Mars，and Jupiter with the help of spaceships

7、.此句中的Venus(金星)、Mars( 火星)、Jupiter(木星)均为生词，但只要知道planets就可猜出这几个词都属于“行星”这一义域。 网站版权所有通过反义词猜词:一是看表转折关系的连词或副词，如but，while，however等；二是看与not搭配的或表示否定意义的词语，如：He is so homely，not at all as handsome as his brother.根据not at all.handsome我们不难推测出homely的意思，即不英俊、不漂亮的意思。 网站版权所有一些常用的词根、前缀、后缀等语法知识：如前缀un-表反义词，如happy、unhapp

8、y，fair、unfair，important、unimportant等；后缀-ment表名词，如develop、development，state、statement，argue、argument等；后缀-er、-or或-ist表同源名词；如calculate、calculator，visit、visitor，law、lawyer，wait、waiter，science、scientist，art、artist等，有些问题便不难解决了。 (五)通过构词法猜词 网站版权所有(六)通过定义或释义关系来推测词义 But sometimes，no rain falls for a long，long

9、 time.Then there is a dry period，or drought.从drought所在句子的上文我们得知很久不下雨，于是便有一段干旱的时期，即drought，由此可见drought意思为“久旱”，“旱灾”。而a dry period和drought是同义语。这种同义或释义关系常由is，or，that is，in other words，be called或破折号等来表示。 网站版权所有(七)通过句法功能来推测词义 Bananas，oranges，pineapples，coconuts and some other kind of fruit grow in warm ar

10、eas.假如pineapples和coconuts是生词，可以从这两个词在句中所处的位置来判断它们大致的意思。从句中不难看出pineapples，coconuts和bananas，oranges是同类关系，同属fruit类，因此它们是两样水果，准确地说，是菠萝和椰子。 网站版权所有描述即作者为帮助读者更深更感性地了解某人或某物而对该人或该物作出的外在相貌或内在特征的描写。例如：The penguin is a kind of sea bird living in the South Pole.It is fat and walks in a funny way.Although it cann

11、ot fly，it can swim in the icy water to catch the fish.从例句的描述中可以得知penguin是一种生活在南极的鸟类。后面更详尽地描述了该鸟类的生活习性。 (八)通过描述猜词 网站版权所有二、细节理解题 首先浏览一遍题目，看清题目要求理解什么细节，然后有选择性地在文中找出相应的段落句子或短语，认真分析理解，选出正确答案。 What do you think of your teachers？Now，American students can say what they think on a new website！ On ，students c

12、anrate(评定) their teachers.So far，there have been 2 million ratings for 365，000 teachers at 21，000 schools in the US and Canada. Where can the students rate(评定) their teachers according to the passage？A.On a new website B.At the class meeting C.In the classroom. D.Out of the school 网站版权所有议论文和说明文的主题句经

13、常在开头或结尾。记叙文往往没有主题句，需要在读懂全文、体会作者用意的基础上进行概括。 三、主旨归纳题 People in many countries learn English and they learn it in different ways. Some learn it at school. Some learn it by themselves. Others learn English by radio on TV or in films. The main idea of the passage is( ) A. People in many countries learn E

14、nglish in many ways B. Some learn English at school C. Some learn English by themselves D. Others learn English by radio，on TV or in films. 网站版权所有推理判断题，需要同学具有严密的逻辑推理和分析问题的能力。 四、推理判断题A man was looking for things of old times.One day he came to a village and found a blue bowl，which looked very old.The

15、 bowl was on the ground and a cat was drinking milk from it.A farmer，the owner of the cat，was lying beside the bowl.In order not to draw the farmers attention to(吸引的注意力) the value(价值) of the bowl，the man said to him in a soft voice，“What a nice cat you have！Wont you sell it to me？”“How much would yo

16、u give me for it？”the farmer opened his eyes and asked. “Twenty dollars. Would it be enough？” A few minutes later，the farmer agreed. After he paid the farmer，the man said，“My cat will certainly feel thirsty. May I take the bowl so that the cat can have milk？” But the farmer said，“I am sorry I cant give it to you. Thanks to the bowl，I have already sold twenty cats.” Who is much cleverer？( ) A.the farmer B.the man C.both of them D.neither