全新版大学英语(第二版)听说教程4答案unit4

1、UNIT 4Dealing with Cultural DifferencesPartA_1_aLanguage FocusQuestions for DiscussionWhat do cultural differences mean? How do peoples cultural backgrounds influence their way of thinking?How can failure to recognize cultural differences hinder communication?Pre-listening TaskPartA_1_bHow can we de

2、al with cultural differences? What does “culture shock” mean? In what ways can we cope with culture shock?What should we do before visiting other countries to avoid misunderstanding?Language FocusPre-listening TaskPartA_1_demo_aLanguage FocusPre-listening TaskPartA_1_demo_aLanguage FocusPre-listenin

3、g TaskPartA_2Pre-listening TaskLanguage FocusHere are some sentences and structures that you might find useful in discussing the above questions.People from different countries speak different languages, maintain different value systems, and have different ways of looking at things.It is upsetting t

4、o find people who behave differently from us. We may, at first, assume that something is wrong with them. Culture shock is a painful experience we undergo when we encounter entirely different ways of life in another culture. PartA_2Language FocusA persons cultural background influences what he / she

5、 considers to be good manners or bad manners / polite or rude / on time or late. Different cultures may have different ways of responding to compliments.Some cultures consider it polite not to take something the first time it is offered. Eye contact may convey sincerity and attentiveness in some Ori

6、ental cultures but too much eye contact may embarrass people in some Western cultures.Pre-listening TaskPartA_2Language FocusThose who are uninformed about cultural differences may have difficulty communicating with their business associates from other cultures.Inability to recognize cultural differ

7、ences can make communication difficult.A certain amount of small talk about the weather, family, and personal hobbies is expected before getting down to business with your foreign associates.Having respect for / Learning about other cultures can help you avoid misunderstandings.Pre-listening TaskPar

8、tA_2Language FocusYou can avoid unintentionally offending others by learning the basic characteristics of other cultures / getting to know a few everyday phrases or common customs of other cultures.Do not criticize or embarrass people from other cultures in public.Understanding can only be reached i

9、f we are willing to treat people from other cultures with respect and as equals.Pre-listening TaskPartA_2Language FocusIt is a good policy to let a foreign friend or business associate know your expectations with regard to time and punctuality.Take time to explain certain customs of your own culture

10、 to your foreign friends or business associates.Ask your foreign friends or business associates about their customs.Dont panic when some customs in a foreign country catch you off guard. You must understand that people living in varied cultures handle many small daily things differently.Pre-listenin

11、g TaskPartA_2Language FocusWhether you plan to stay for a week or for a year in a new place, youll benefit from learning about the place before you go. Bear in mind the proverb “Do in Rome as the Romans do,”and learn from the local people when you are visiting a foreign country.Pre-listening TaskPar

12、tB_1_a_1apparentlyindividuallyupsetgentlyfirmlyListening Tasksad. clearly; obviously 显然ad. one by one; separately 各个地 v. to cause sb. to feel unhappy 使生气ad. softly 不太用力地ad. forcefully; strongly 坚定有力地Speaking TasksWord BankExercise 2Exercise 1Language and Cultural NotesPartB_1_a_1goshtitleinterj. an

13、informal expression of surprise （表示惊讶的非正式感叹词）哎呀 n. a word put before a persons name to show rank, honor, profession 头衔；职称；尊称Listening TasksSpeaking TasksWord BankExercise 2Exercise 1Language and Cultural NotesPartB_1_a_2 Different cultures have their own rules of behavior. People from different cult

14、ural backgrounds may have very different beliefs, religions, customs and habits. Ignorance of cultural differences often causes misunderstanding, offense, or embarrassment in cross-cultural communication. This is clearly illustrated by what Kate and Rob experienced in their visits to various countri

15、es. To avoid misunderstanding or giving unnecessary offense we must develop aListening TasksSpeaking TasksWord BankExercise 2Exercise 1Language and Cultural Notes1. Background informationPartB_1_a_2cross-cultural perspective. We must remember that all cultures are equal, however different some cultu

16、res may seem from our own. Having a respect for other cultures and learning about their basic characteristics are effective ways to promote international communication. they felt I was taking them for granted. they thought that I was treating them casually, without giving them due respect.Listening

17、TasksSpeaking TasksWord BankExercise 2Exercise 1Language and Cultural NotesPartB_1_a_2 In the US, people tend to shake hands forcefully with people they meet for the first time. This is particularly true among business associates. A firm handshake in American culture suggests sincerity and strength

18、whereas a weak handshake is a sign of weakness.Listening TasksSpeaking TasksWord BankExercise 2Exercise 1Language and Cultural Notes3. people there tend to shake hands quite firmly. 1.a. Different ways of greetings in different countries. b. Interesting experiences of Kate and Rob during their visit

19、s to some foreign countries.c. The importance of knowing how to greet a stranger properly when we are in a new country. d. Embarrassing mistakes made by Kate and Rob due to ignorance of cultural differences.PartB_1_b_3Listening TasksSpeaking TasksListen to the interview and choose the right answers

20、to the questions you hear.Word BankExercise 2Exercise 1Language and Cultural NotesPartB_1_b_32.a. They were probably their foreign guides. b. They were probably their business associates. c. They were probably total strangers to them. d. They were probably their bosses.Listening TasksSpeaking TasksW

21、ord BankExercise 2Exercise 1Language and Cultural NotesPartB_1_b_33.a. They are business partners.b. They are travelling salespeople.c. They are both British.d. They are business people who travel a lot to other countries.Listening TasksSpeaking TasksWord BankExercise 2Exercise 1Language and Cultura

22、l NotesPartB_1_b_34.a. France, Germany and Italy.b. Germany, Sweden and Russia.c. Russia, Germany and France.d. Brazil, Italy and France.Listening TasksSpeaking TasksWord BankExercise 2Exercise 1Language and Cultural NotesPartB_1_b_35.a. Italy, the US and France. b. Brazil, Germany and Italy. c. Fra

23、nce, Russia and the US. d. Italy, the US and Brazil.Listening TasksSpeaking TasksWord BankExercise 2Exercise 1Language and Cultural NotesPartB_1_b_36.a. The importance of recognizing cultural differences. b. The difficulty of cross-cultural communication. c. The importance of regarding all cultures

24、as equals. d. The necessity to promote effective international communication.Listening TasksSpeaking TasksWord BankExercise 2Exercise 1Language and Cultural NotesPartB_1_b_4Listen to the interview again and fill in the table below.Listening TasksSpeaking TasksWord BankExercise 1Exercise 2Language an

25、d Cultural Notes Country Proper Behavior What Kate / Rob did BrazilGo round room and shake hands witheveryone individually when you arrive.Said “Hello” to everyoneand sat down. FranceShake hands with everyone in the groupwhen leaving.Said “Goodbye” and left. The USShake hands firmly.Shook hands quit

26、e gently. PartB_1_b_4 Country Proper Behavior What Kate / Rob did GermanyDo not keep your left hand in your pocket when shaking hands with someone.Shook hands with her left hand in her pocket. ItalyDo not use someones first name unless you are invited to. Always use their title.Used someones first n

27、amewithout being invited to. RussiaSay ones own name when greeting a stranger.Shook hands and said “How do you do?” Listening TasksSpeaking TasksWord BankExercise 1Exercise 2Language and Cultural NotesPartB_1_a_scriptListening TasksSpeaking TasksWord BankExercise 1Language and Cultural NotesExercise

28、 2PartB_2_a Youve just heard Rob and Kate talking about the experiences they had in some foreign countries. They made a number of mistakes in behavior because they were unaware of cultural differences. Do you think it is important to be aware of cultural differences? Why? How can we avoid misunderst

29、anding in international communication? Exchange views with your partner. You may mention the following points in your discussion.Listening TasksSpeaking TasksA. Reflections on the textPair Work PartB_2_aawareness of cultural differences to avoid misunderstandingimportance of learning about other cul

30、tures importance of knowing how to deal with cultural differences key to successful international business and cultural exchangesListening TasksSpeaking TasksPartB_2_b1A Sample Look at the pictures below. They are about Chinese and Western ways of eating. Do you see any differences between them? Des

31、cribe the pictures first and then discuss their differences.Listening TasksSpeaking TasksB. Picture Talk Describing Chinese and Western ways of eatingPartB_2_b1Listening TasksSpeaking TasksPicture (1)PartB_2_b1Listening TasksSpeaking TasksPicture (2)PartB_2_b1Listening TasksSpeaking TasksPicture (3)

32、PartB_2_b1Listening TasksSpeaking TasksComparingA: Dont you think there are great differences between Chinese and Western ways of eating?B: Yes, they are very different indeed. We Chinese use chopsticks to help ourselves to almost everything except soup, but Westerners use a knife and fork. A: I thi

33、nk our chopsticks are much easier to handle. Knives and forks are so complicated to use.PartB_2_b1Listening TasksSpeaking TasksB: Im afraid many Westerners wouldnt agree with you on that. It may take them quite some time to learn the skill of handling chopsticks.A: You may be right. What do you thin

34、k of the food Western people eat at dinner? Seems to me a Western dinner is rather simple. There are so few courses. B: Thats true. A Chinese dinner is usually much more plentiful. Even at a simple family dinner we have at least four dishes and a soup. Im afraid I would be starving at a Western dinn

35、er.PartB_2_b1Listening TasksSpeaking TasksA: But the Western style of eating seems to be more hygienic. Nobody uses his own fork to get food for himself or for others. But at a Chinese dinner, some people, especially the hospitable host and hostess, often try to get food for others with their own ch

36、opsticks. They dont realize how unhygienic this is. B: It really is. Westerners usually ask others to pass some food to them if they cant reach it. If you stretch out your arm or stand up to get food, people would think you have very bad table manners.PartB_2_b1Listening TasksSpeaking TasksA: But th

37、e dinner table in a Chinese restaurant is so convenient. Just turn the revolving table, and you are within easy reach of the dishes.B: Mm. Thats true. So the Chinese way and the Western way of eating are just different. Neither is better or worse. A: You said it. But the important thing is to be awa

38、re of the differences so as to avoid misunderstanding.PartB_2_b1Listening TasksSpeaking TasksNow use the above sample as your model and carry on similar activities with your partner according to the pictures below.(1)PartB_2_b1Listening TasksSpeaking Tasks(2)PartB_2_b1Listening TasksSpeaking TasksBe

39、low are some ideas and expressions that you might find useful in describing the pictures.For Picture (1)Difference in showing hospitality at the table:Chinese way:introducing each course, sometimes describing its ingredients and how it is cookedsometimes putting food onto the plate of the guestencou

40、raging the guest to eat more or drink morePartB_2_b1Listening TasksSpeaking TasksCommon dinner talk:“Have some more, dont stop.”“Do you like it? Please have some more.”“You really should have some more.” “Just one more piece, I insist.”“Have some more juice. Let me fill up your cup.”PartB_2_b1Listen

41、ing TasksSpeaking TasksWestern way:introducing each course of the meal to guestspassing the dishes around for guests to get the food themselvesCommon dinner talk:“Help yourselves with”“Would you like some more?“Could you pass me the ?”PartB_2_b1Listening TasksSpeaking TasksFor picture (2) Different

42、expressions used when you need to leave the table:Chinese way:rising from your chair and saying “I need to be out for a while.”/ “Ill be back in a minute.”/“Im full. Please take your time.”PartB_2_b1Listening TasksSpeaking TasksWestern way:saying “Excuse me” and getting up to leave the table without

43、 stating whether you want to go to the toilet or to refresh / renew your make-upPartB_1_b_scriptListening TasksSpeaking TasksPartB_1_b_scriptListening TasksSpeaking TasksPartB_1_b_scriptListening TasksSpeaking TasksPartB_1_b_scriptListening TasksSpeaking TasksPartB_1_b_3Test Your ListeningListen to

44、the passage and choose the right answers to the questions you hear.A PassagePartB_1_b_31. a. People are not accustomed to making calls early in the morning.b. People would think something unpleasant must have happened if they receive a call early in the morning.c. People tend to think the call must

45、be of vital importance if the telephone rings early in the day.d. People would feel annoyed if they receive a call while theyre shaving or having breakfast.Test Your ListeningPartB_1_b_32. a. Because such an appointment might be neglected by busy people.b. Because such an appointment might cause muc

46、h inconvenience to others. c. Because such an appointment might cause much inconvenience to others.d. Because such an appointment might be forgotten.Test Your ListeningPartB_1_b_33. a. Americans/Italians.b. Germans/Italians.c. Germans/the British.d. Americans/the British.Test Your ListeningPartB_1_b

47、_scriptTest Your ListeningPartD_1_a1Movie TimeTime to TalkMovieExercise A Word BankExercise B PartD_1_a2Movie TimeTime to TalkMovieExercise A Word BankExercise B PartD_1_b1helmetbottomless pitcompassdecentsavagen. 头盔 无底洞（电影里用来比喻非常贪吃的小动物）n. 指南针a. 体面的n. 野蛮人Movie TimeTime to TalkMovieExercise A Word Ba

48、nkExercise B PartD_1_c1. Where did the man come from?2. What did the man think of local people living in the forest?3. What did the man probably want to do there?Answer the following questions according to the movie clip.Movie TimeTime to TalkMovieExercise A Word BankExercise B PartD_1_cIn this vide

49、o, you can see the interesting way of the local woman saying hello. How many ways of greeting do you know in the world? Look at the following pictures of greetings from different cultures. Describe each picture with at least two sentences.Movie TimeTime to TalkMovieExercise A Word BankExercise B PartD_1_c 1. Japanese 2. Maori from New Zealand Movie TimeTime to TalkMo