海洋特色英语与文化课后翻译

1、Unit 1什么使大海如此吸引我们？为什么我们愿意花很多钱，驱车数小时，或精心计划我们的 时间，就为了能找时间亲近大海？海洋对健康的好处是巨大的，而在海洋空气中呼吸也 是福气。What makes us so drawn to the ocean? Whyare we willingto spend a lotof mon ey, drive for hours, and pla n our days carefully just to find time to get close to the ocea n? The health ben efits are great and breath

2、i ng in the ocea n air is bliss. 但除了我们对水活动的热情外，肯定有更多的原因促使我们付出这么多的时间和精力。 最近我读的一篇文章可以帮助解释这些往往很难用言词表达的感情。简单地说，我们的 大脑很享受海水。But there must be more reasons which prompt us to invest so much time and en ergy besides our passi on for water activity. A rece nt articleI read helped to explain these feelings t

3、hat are often hard to put into words. Simply put, our brains really enjoy the water.华莱士 J尼科尔斯是一位海洋生物学家，他想知道当我们在海上、海里或者在大海 附近时我们对海洋的情绪反应。总之，尼科尔斯的目标不是传授给我们关于海洋的知识，而是准确查明我们热爱海洋的原因，这样我们可以通过公共政策把它作为一个工具来保护海洋。Wallace J. Nichols is a marine biologist whowants to learn what happens to us whe n we are on, in

4、, or n ear the ocea n. Specifically he wants to understand what on earth triggers our emotional reactions to the ocean. In brief , Nichols goal is not to impart to us the knowledge about ocea n, but to find out exactly why we love the ocea n so that we can use that as a tool to protect it through pu

5、blic policy.Unit 2洛杉矶位于加州，是个适合居住的城市。宣人的气候和高质量的生活，使得这里的房价 是其他主要城市的两倍多。但是气候变化给这个城市带来了有形的威胁和舒适性的浩 劫。Los Angeles, located in California, is a great place to live. Pleasing climate and high-quality life make the home prices here more than double those in other major cities. However, climate change poses

6、tangible threats and amenity havoc.气候研究人员预测，未来的洛杉矶平均气温将比现在高13华氏度，气候变化会夺走这里许多气候的独特性。房价因此下跌，气候舒适带来的房地产溢价消失(这对于购房者 来说是坏消息)。Climate researchers predict that the temperature of LA will be 13 degrees F warmer on average in the future. Climate cha nge will strip away much of the city s climate uniqueness.

7、Therefore, home pricedeclines and climate amenity premium vanishes (bad news for the real estate own ers).洛杉矶如何应对气候变化？一方面，洛城要学会适应气候变化，通过提高公共服务来减 少变化给居民带来的伤害。社区非政府组织已开始填补这一空白。另一方面，保护环境 是刻不容缓的，由此可以维持城市的气候舒适性。当然，洛城的未来跟全球的气候变化 是密切相关的。Howcan LA adapt to the climate change? On the one hand, LA should lear

8、n to adapt to the change by improving public service to reduce the harm to its residents. Community-based NGOs have stepped up to fill this void. On the other hand, it s pressing to protect the environment to maintain the city s climate amenity. Of course, the future of LosAn geles is closely in ter

9、conn ected with the global climate cha nge.Unit 3捕鲸就像英国的猎狐，各方意见似乎永远不能达成一致。1986年以来，国际捕鲸委员会就已经禁止了商业的捕鲸行为。可是每年夏天在南极，日本都会派遣船队南下去捕捉数 百只鲸鱼以供作“研究用”。As with foxhunting in Britain, all sides seem never to reach an agreement on whaling. Since 1986 the International Whaling Commission (IWC) has imposed a morat

10、orium on commercial whaling. Yet every Antarctic summer, Japan sends a whaling fleet south to catch hundreds of w hales for “research ”.鲸鱼仍在被大肆捕杀；近年来平均每年捕杀量已经几乎达到2000头。为了防止鲸鱼绝迹，国际捕鲸委员会提出了一份和平计划。根据这一提案，之前的禁令将被接触十年， 但捕鲸者必须统一大幅减少捕鲸数量。But whales are still killed in large numbers; in recent years the ann

11、ual slaughter has reached almost 2,000 on average. To avoid the extinction of whales, IWCput forward a “peace plan ” . According to the proposal, the moratorium would be lifted for a decade, but whalers have to agree to a sharp reducti on in their catch.对于重新开放商业捕鲸，保护主义者一定优惠抱怨、批评。尽管如此，任何一个妥协的 方案都要比继续

12、僵持要好。The conservationists would definitely complain about or criticize the resumption of commercial whaling. Even so, any compromising deal would be far better tha n con ti nued sta nd-off.Unit 4近年来，由于环境污染、过度捕捞等因素，海域的渔业资源出现衰退的情况。应当说， 国家为了保护海洋渔业资源，做到可持续发展，在将每年规定一段时间为休渔期之外， 也限制捕捞的网具规格。In recent years,

13、 due to environmental pollution, ovefishing and other factors, the fisheries resources are in decline. It should be said that the state not only sets the period of time each year for fishingmoratorium but also restricts fishing nets specificationsin order toprotect marine fisheries resources to achi

14、eve susta in able developme nt.但是渔民为了提高效率增加收入，采取某些极端手段以多捕鱼为主，使得渔业资源的繁 殖和发展链条被人为隔断，极大破坏了海洋的生态环境，直接后果和尚未预知的破坏作 用可以说是无可估量的。However, the fishermen take someextreme ways to fish in order to boost efficiency and in crease in come so that the cha in betwee n the reproducti onand developme nt of fishery res

15、ources have bee nartificially cut off, which greatly damages the marine ecological environment and a direct consequenee and the unknown destructionwillbe inv aluable.大海里的野生鱼类已经无法满足人类日益增长的需求，水产养殖的海产品在未来会越发重要，但他不能拯救我们。从事蓝色作业的渔民的需求迫在眉睫。作为消费者，我们可 以选择限制吃鱼的数量，以确保我们的子孙后代不会无鱼可吃。Wild fish has bee n un able t

16、o meet the ever-grow ing n eeds of mankind. Aquaculture will be increasinglyimportant in the future, but it cannotsave us. Blue fishfarmers are n eeded.As con sumers, we can choose tolimit the nu mber of fish to en sure that our future gen erati ons will also have fish to eat.Unit 521世纪是海洋的世纪，海洋是拥有巨

17、大潜力的天然资源宝库。从海洋生物中获得的许多的结构新颖、活性独特的物质未获得全新结构的新药提供了宝贵的化合物资源。The 21st century is the century of ocean, and the ocean is the treasury of huge potential natural resources.Obtained from the marineorganisms, many substances with nov structure and unique activityprovide valuablecompound sources for new drugs

18、 with brand-newstructures.随着人们绿色消费意识的增强和回归大自然的呼声日益高涨，高效、低毒的海洋药物收 到各国政府和药学界的重视。20世纪60年代，各国竞相投入资源，开始利用海洋生物资源进行药物开发的系统研究。As peoples awareness of green consumption and the voice of returning to nature are rising, marine drugs with high efficiencyand lowtoxicity attract attentionof national governments a

19、nd pharmaceuticalcircles. In the 1960s, coun tries competed to in vest heavily, and bega n utilizing marine biological resources for systematic study on drugdevelopme nt.在过去的几十年间，6000多种海洋天然产物被发现，其中有重要的生物活性已经申请专 利的新化合物有200多种。在我国近海也已发现具有药用价值的生物700多种。In the past few decades, more tha n 6,000 kinds of m

20、arine n atural products were found, amongwhich over 200 varieties of novel compounds had important bioactivities and had been patented. In Chinas coastal waters more than 700 kinds of organisms with medicinal value have also bee n found.海洋生物制药的产生和兴起，标志着医药科学和海洋科学向深度和广度发展，逐步形成 一门崭新、重要的制药工程学科。The emerg

21、ence and rise of marine biopharmacy marks the fact that medical scienee and marine scienee develop in depth and breadth, thus gradually forming a n ew, importa nt pharmaceutical engin eeri ng discipli ne.Unit 6海洋酸化指海水由于吸收了空气中过量的二氧化碳，导致酸碱度降低的现象。科学家们 认为我们排放出的二氧化碳越多，海洋吸收的越多，海水就会变得越酸，这可能会给海 洋生物带来一系列潜在的毁

22、灭性的影响。Ocean acidification refers to thedecrease in the pH value of the ocea ns, caused by the uptake of carb on dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere. Scie ntists say the more carbondioxide we emit, the more oceans absorb and the more acidic the water becomes, and this may cause a range of potentially d

23、evastating con seque nces for marine orga ni sms.比如，酸度增加会导致紫贻贝的免疫反应下降，阻碍珊瑚的生长繁殖，使某些浮游生物 难以生存，并对海洋食物链带来威胁。For instanee, the increasing acidity may reduce the immuneresponses of blue mussels, slow the growth of corals and make it hard for some planktons to survive; moreover, it maypose a threat to the

24、 food chains conn ected with the ocea ns.鉴于当前对全球二氧化碳排放导致海洋酸化的担忧，我们比以往更需要了解海洋通常是如何维持酸平衡的。更紧急的是我们需要提高移植二氧化碳排放的意识，这才是放下解 决或缓解海洋酸化的有效办法。Given current concerns about the ocean acidification through global carb on dioxide emissi on s, it is more importa nt tha n ever that we understand how the aciditybala

25、nee of the sea is normally maintained.And it is more urge nt that we raise our aware ness of curb ing the emissi on of carb on dioxide, which is the effective way to solve or mitigate ocea n acidificati on for the time being.Unit 7厄尔尼诺现象是太平洋赤道附近海域大范围水温升高引起的一种异常气候现象。厄尔尼诺等极端气候现象正在变得越来越频繁。其强度也在不断增加。科学家们认为，厄尔尼 诺现象的发生于人类自然环境的日益恶化有关，是地球温室效应增加的直接结果。El Ni?o is an unu sual weather phe nomenon caused by a wide range of rising water temperatures in the Pacific waters near the equator. El Nino and other extreme weather event