英译汉做题技巧剖析

1、专升本英语“英翻汉”具体技巧剖析技巧一：语词搭配某些动词，在汉语中只能用于人。而英语中既可以用于人，又可用于物。所以，汉译时要符合汉语搭配。比如 see 或 witness。1949 saw the founding of the Peoples.1. Dusk found her cryingorner of this street.黄昏时，有人看见她在街上的一个拐角处哭泣。2. His name escs me for the moment.我一时记不起他的名字。技巧二：语词的引申翻译中的引申，指的是在语言转换时，为适应译文表意或行文的需要，在原词或词组基本意思的基础上，对词义进行符合逻辑

2、的调整或变动。翻译实践中常见的有：具体化、抽象化、逻辑化引申。3. The car in front of me stalled and I missed the green.我前面的那辆车停住了，我错过了可通行时间。4. Pleaset wake a sleng dog.请不要惹是生非。5.t waste time on self-congratulation; there is still work to do.不要因为沾沾自喜而浪费时间；还有工作要做呢。技巧三：语词的增译和省译6. He ate and dr, for he was exhausted.他吃点东西，喝点酒，因为他疲惫了。

3、用增词法试着翻译：1. 累得我走不动了。2. 留得青山在，不怕没柴烧。1. It makes me so tiredt I cant walk any more.2. While/Where there is life, there is hope.7. As she sat down and began talking, words poured out.她一坐下来就讲开了，滔滔不绝地讲个没完。8. I could have skinned Rupert in front of the whole audience.恨不得当着听众的面剥了的皮。9. The doctor put the ba

4、by in her arms. She kissed it on the forehead.医生将婴儿放到她怀里，吻了吻孩子的前额。A horse is a useful animal.马是有用的动物。10. We had much snow last year.去年下了很多雪。11. Smoking is prohibited in public pla.公共场所，吸烟。12. Many years passed and the young man was very sucsfu in business.许多年过去了，年轻人在生意上非常成功。13. If I had known it, I

5、would nove joined in it.早知如此，我就不参加了。技巧四：语词的词类转换14. The sight and sound of our jet planes filled me with spel longing.看到的喷气式飞机，听到隆隆的机声，令我特别神往。15. She opened the window to let fresh air in.她打开窗子，让新鲜空气进来。16. Johnson was eloquent and elegantbut soft.有口才、有风度，但很软弱。17. The White family were religious.一家都是虔

6、诚的。18. It is chiefly characterized by its easy operation.它的主要特点是操作简单。19. He is no smoker, but his father is a chain-smoker.他倒是不抽烟，但他父亲却一支接着一支的抽。技巧五：语词的正反替代法也就是：把正说词从表达出来 正说反译；把反说词从正面表达出来 反说正译。如：1. 正说反译fail 没做成deceptive 靠不住的的 insecure厌恶情绪 dislike2. 反说正译plete残缺的infrequent 偶尔的不到200英里within 20020. I mis

7、sed what you said because of the noise outside.由于外面的噪音，我没听清楚你说的话。21. We were waiting thee with impatience.焦急地等着结果。22. All articles are untouchablehe museum.博物馆内所有的展品禁止触摸。技巧六：定语从句的翻译就是把相对较短的定语从句翻译为“的”，来修饰先行词。23. These boys who wanted to play football were disappoed when it rained.这些渴望踢足球的孩子们因下雨而感到失望。

8、24. Every mascott symbolizes the Olympics is linked to the city and the country hostingthe Games.每个象征运动会的吉祥物都与奥运会举办城市和国家有联系。试着翻译2005年专升本第68题：68. If the killing continues, this wonderful animal , which took millions of years to develop,will be gone . （2005）：如果继续捕杀，这种经过几百万年进化而来的奇妙动物就会。25. “Nice” is th

9、e most overworked wordhe English language whose meaning can only bedivined by its context.分译法前置译法在英语里，“nice”是个用的过滥的词，其意思只可通过上下文推测而得。26. American education owes a great debt to Thomas Jefferson, who bevedt only anation of educated people could remain free.的教育事业做出了巨大贡献。他认为只有受过教育的人民组成-对的国家才能保持。请翻译2008年

10、第67题：67.Scientists are working on an electronic device, which could make life easier for thepeople.：科学家们正在研制一种电子装置，它能让人们的生活更加便捷。也就是把主句的主语或先行词和定语从句融合起来，翻译为一个独立的句子。27. There are some metals whichsess theer to conducectricity and ability to bemagnetized.某些金属既能导电，也能被磁化。As引导：先进行分译，然后把as翻译为“正如，像，如”等。Which

11、引导：先进行分译，然后把which译为“这，那，从而，因而”28. More American troops are being sent to the Middle East, as I have learnt from thenewspr.正如我从报纸上所了解的那样，正派往中东。29. As is the Chicooks custom, my mother always made negative remarks about herown cooking.总是说她自己烧的菜不好，这厨师的我。特殊定语从句的翻译融合法30. She was awarded a gold medal, whi

12、ch the whole family considered a great honor.她被授予一枚金牌，全家人都认为这是极大的荣耀。31. He likes mountaineering, which is quite a fashionable exercise.他喜爱登山，那是一项很时髦的运动。技巧七：被动句的翻译32. A young man was shot yesterday by a man in a stocking mask.一位年轻男子昨天被一蒙面男子。33. Thy young woman was abaned by her husband.这个年轻女子被她丈夫遗弃了。

13、比如：Poets are born, but orators are made.诗人是天生的，而家是后天造就的。34. Private entrise and industry were permitted and encouraged.私人企业和工业得到了并受到鼓励。译为“大家，有人，人们”等。It + be + v-ed +t-clauseIt is estimatedtIs been decidedtIt must be rememberedtIt must be admittedt3.译成汉语泛指人称句2.变化汉语词汇来表达被动1.译成汉语被动句It is taken frantedt

14、It must be poed outtIt is generally consideredtIt may be said without fear of exaggerationt35. It could be arguedt the radio performs this service as well, but onevieverything is muore living, muore real.有人可能会，无线电广播也能做到这一点，但还是电视屏幕上的生动、真实的多。36. These instruments must be handled with great care.必须操作这些

15、仪器。37. These questions should not be confused.这些问题混在一起。技巧八：其他结构的翻译问题38. Then wibag of toys and books we walked across the gardenhe gray light of thedawn.提着一口袋玩具和书籍，在中穿过了花园。39. He was quick to use self-deprecating humor to throw anyone off the scent.为了迷惑别人，他机灵地说了些自我挖苦的笑话。40. A jeep, full, sped fast,

16、drenching me in a spray.一辆坐满人的吉普车疾驶而过，溅了我一身水。41.t he will come to the discusis certain.他肯定会来参加的。4.译成汉语无主句42. He doesnt know whife means to him.他不知道人生的意义。43. The boy sat down on a stone to takebble out of his shoe when he saw a strangerapproaching him.那小孩坐在石头上正打算从鞋子里取碎石子，这时他看见一个陌生人朝他走来。44. Hardly had

17、 I got abroad when the train started.我刚上火车，车就开了。45. Here ends the diary of Dr. Watson.医生的写到这就结束了。医生的就写到这里。46. Little did I then know the meaning of war and what it was in reality.当时我确实还不太懂得的意义及实际上是怎么回事。47. I juste everybody. No, not you, Phyr, but everybody else.我就是很所有人。不，不是你，我恨其他所有人。48. He realized

18、 the “subtlety” of Chinas messages, the gap betn her hot rhetoric and hercool action.了中国信息的“微妙之处”：言辞激烈，但行动迟缓。他49. (1) Like charges repel; unlike charges attract.相同的电荷相斥，不同的电荷相吸。(2) I likes English moren mathematics.我喜欢英语胜过喜欢数学。(3)he sunbeassing through the window there are fine grains of dust shinin

19、g likegold.在射入窗内的阳光里，细微的尘埃象径自一样闪闪发光。(4) Like knows like.识。50. (1) He was a man of high renown.他是位有名望的人。(2) His notoriety as a rake did not come until his death.他是的恶名是死后传开的。(3) Lao Wang keeps boastingt he has talked to theWen.总是吹嘘说他曾与话。(4) “He was polite and always gave advice willingly,” she recalle

20、d.她回忆说，“他彬彬有礼，总是诲人不倦。”51. They talked about inflation, unemployment and environmental pollution.他们谈到通货膨胀、失业、环境污染等问题。52. To him, the birds sang, the squirrel chattered and the flowers bloomed.鸟儿向他唱歌，松鼠对他叽咕，花儿为他开放。53. He wandered abouthe chill rain, thinking and thinking, brooding and brooding .他在凄雨中荡来荡去，想了又想，盘算了又盘算。54. The murde