初中英语词汇教学策略

1、初中英语词汇教学策略付友花初中英语工作室付友花QQ群 2314613562014国培、全员及信息技术能力提升YY远程讲座一、为什么要进行词汇教学？英语语言学家威尔金斯在语言学与语言教学中说：“Withoutgrammarverylittlecanbeconveyed；withoutvocabularynothingcanbeconveyed.”“没有语法，人们不能很好地表达，而没有词汇，人们则无法表达任何东西。” 词汇量是制约英语学习效率的重要因素。二、词汇学习的策略学习效果=50%学习策略+40%努力程度+10%智商。可见在影响学习效果的三个因素中，智商和努力程度固然重要，但学习策略尤其重要

2、。所以，教师要教会学生记忆单词的方法策略，提高课堂效率，这有助于他们形成自主学习的能力，激发他们学习英语单词的兴趣，为他们的终身学习奠定基础。下面是一些词汇学习的策略： 1直观法 2演示法 3表演法 4语境法5联想法6图解法7游戏法8. 全身反应法9. 自主探究法10. 归类记忆法猜词法 英文解释法 构词法 翻译法 词典法1、直观法1、运用实物2、运用照片和图片3、运用简笔画4.利用多媒体课件 dinosaur2、演示法例1：教学 How do you make a banana milk shake？这一单元的生词时，教师准备了香蕉、牛奶、水果刀、榨汁机等，边说边演示。First, Peel

3、 3 bananas.Then, cut them up.Next, put them into the blender.Next, pour the yogurt into the blender.Next, turn on the blender.Finally, drink it. A.peel the bananaB.Cut up the bananasC.Pour the milk into the blenderD.Turn on the blenderE. the milk shakeE.Drink3表演法 open, close, run, Jump, eat, sleep h

4、appy, sad, surprised get on well with each otherget on badly with each other4.语境法free1 Are you free(空闲的) tonight? I want to invite you to have a dinner with me.2 Today, every drink is free(免费的). You can drink any one you like.3 Now, you are free(自由的).5联想法（1）归类联想交通类：traffic, bus, car 水果类：peach, pear,

5、 cherry, apple 食品类：noodle, beef, porridge, meat饮品类：Soda, ice cream, juice文具类：stationery, eraser, ruler, pencil餐名类：meal, breakfast, lunch, supper, dinnerexpensivedear cheap easydifficultwarmcool sunnycloudy（2）近义、反义联想（3）上下义联想（4）词缀联想carecareful, careless, carefullyhappyhappily, unhappy, happiness（5）拆字联

6、想storybook:story/book blackboard: black/board（6）语音联想清浊音联想：close kl ous关闭的，紧密的 kl ouz长短音联想：lead li:d led铅同音联想：won, one拟音联想：bar, 吧, lemon, 柠檬（7）语义联想desert camel, sand, strong wind, sandstorm, hot, dry, little rain, few plants, vast land, wasteland, small population, beautiful, dangerous, get lost Ligh

7、t，“电灯”，电灯会发光，所以有“光线”的意思，有了光线就明亮了，从而还有“明亮”的意思。 Change ，嫦娥奔月，改变了她的命运 。Business ，公共汽车里面一只鹅和两条蛇正在谈生意 。Earth ，地球上的人用耳朵听话。 Island ，岛屿是大海中的一片陆地。 （八）趣味联想6、图解法on the case under the casenext to the case behind the case in the case （1）倒金字塔帮你排忧解难表示数量的形容词、名词和代词连用图解（2）表示可能性程度的形容词图示法（3）图解频度副词的百分比 always usually of

8、ten sometimes seldom never 100% 90% 60% 30% 1% 0%（4）at ( in, on) the corner等四组词图解at the corner, in the corner, on the corner（5）a girl/a bird in the tree, an apple on the tree（6）代词教学 one another the other some others one the other one another some the others 7游戏法 实例教学一游戏名称：记单词竞赛教学目的：巩固复习近阶段学过的单词，培养形象

9、思考能力、反应能力和观察力。游戏说明：老师将要考查的单词卡放在讲台上，并将全班分成AB组，每组每次各选派代表到前台抽取一张单词卡。学生代表认出单词后，可以用图画、手势、表情等各种方法来表现一个单词的形象或一个单词的含义，本组学生通过看和听，同时读出该单词，正确者累计得分。实例教学二词汇学习：数词教学目的：巩固数词的学习，训练对数词的表达和反应能力游戏说明：将全班分成八组，要老师用纸条写出八组数字，每组派代表到前面抽取一张，不看，交给老师，老师小声读出数字，学生默记在心，然后小声用英语读给本组的下一个学生听，最后一名学生听后，马上跑到黑板上写出那组数字，看谁写得又快又对，累计得分 全身反应法（T

10、otal Physical Response简称TPR）。是美国加州圣约瑟大学心理学教授詹姆士.阿歇尔(James Asher)于20世纪60年代提出的。这种方法倡导把语言和行为联系在一起，通过身体动作教授外语。 把它运用到词汇教学中，就是让学生在学单词或者复习单词时，全身都动起来。8、全身反应法案例一： 在初一刚开学复习26个字母时，我们可以运用全身反应法让学生动起来。即增强课堂趣味性，又让学生印象深刻，不容易忘记。 具体做法： 教师教字母A时，用身体摆出A的造型。后面的字母也以同样的方式教。还可以让学生来摆，有些字母甚至要多人合作，都可以请学生帮忙，调动学生的积极性。这种方法就是有些小学英

11、语老师会教的字母操。案例二：在学习身体部分的词汇时，由于词汇量多，不但难记而且容易混淆。这时我们就可以让学生站起来，跟着老师的指示动起来：“Stand up and follow me. Touch your ears, close your eyes, shake your hands, kick your legs”9、自主探究法（1）自主学习词汇（2）开展词汇的探究性学习 (3)开展词汇的合作学习 S1：graduateS2：Alice graduated from Beijing university 3 years ago.S3：What did he do after he gra

12、duated?S4：As a graduate, she often helped some children with their studies.10、归类记忆法常用词组归类 动词词组 take a rest have a resttake exercise have breakfasttake photos have sportstake a bus take me to .take medicine 介词词组： in front of, across from, at home, at school 习惯表达： Here you are. Have a good trip. Can I

13、 help you 名词词组：a pair of, a bottle of, a cup of同义词 pencil box-pencil case , cab-taxi, bike-bicycle , mittens-mitts, telephone-phone softly-quietly.反义词 clean-dirty , wet-dry, first-last, go-come , put on take off , loud-quiet, hard-soft ,slow- fast主题归类A.运用头脑风暴farmhousestreesfarmersanimalsplantshillsr

14、iversFarm toolsapple treescowssheepchickensdogsvegetableswheatricetractorsB.意义归类 1.adventuredangerous rough astonishingtiringwild risky excitinguncomfortable 意义归类(2.die)He has passed away.He is no more.He is no longer with us .His time has come.He is resting in peace.He is sleeping with his fathers.

15、He has gone west.He has none out of this world.He has gone to the better world.11、猜词法通过因果关系猜词You shouldnt have blamed（责备） him for that, for it wasnt his fault All his attempts to unlock the door was futile(徒劳的，无效的）, because he was using the wrong key. 通过同义词和反义词的关系猜词.He is so homely（平凡的）, not at all

16、as handsome as his brother. In the ancient city of Rome , we visited every mansion（大厦） , church, battle site, theatre and other public halls.Twelve-year-old Sally was an active girl. But her sister was quite sedate（安静的）. 通过构词法猜词 dis-im-un-表否定ful-less-ous-是形容词后缀等。 要求学生掌握一些常用的词根、前缀、后缀等语法知识。如dis- im- u

17、n- 表否定；-ful less ous是形容词后缀等。 He has renamed the restaurant “Paradise初中英语词汇教学策略付友花初中英语工作室付友花QQ群 2314613562014国培、全员及信息技术能力提升YY远程讲座通过定义或释义关系来推测词义定义或释义常用is, or, that is, in other words, be called,或破折号等来表示。 A calendar is a list of the days ,weeks, months of a particular year.The herdsman , who looks afte

18、r sheep, earns about 650yuan a year.通过上下文来推测词义 Chicken becomes rotten very quickly. It can go bad in a refrigerator if left there for more than a week. 通过描述猜词 Its very big and heavy. It has a long nose and big ears. What is it? 12、英文解释法A.同义词、近义词或反义词解释词dumbIf you are dumb, you cannot speak. prettybeautiful,