高考英语维升素35医学常识阅读理解

1、高考维“升”素35医学常识（时间：30分钟分值：31分）维A1阅读理解（每题2分，满分8分）选材网站： http : /高考曾用材料：2010湖北卷C篇 选材相似度： 设题相似度： 难度系数：First aid is the action of limited care for an illness or injury in the beginning.It is usually performed by a lay person to a sick or injured patient until definitive medical treatment can be accessed.Ce

2、rtain self-limiting illnesses or minor injuries may not require further medical care.It _ generally consists of series of simple life-saving techniques that an individual can be trained to perform with minimal equipment.While first aid can also be performed on animals, the term generally refers toca

3、re of human patients.Certain skills are considered essential to the action of first aid and are taught everywhere.Particularly , the “ABC s of first aid , which focus on critical life-saving action , must be rendered before treatment of less serious injuries.ABC stands for Airway , Breathing , and C

4、irculation.The same mnemonic is used by all emergency health professionals.Attention must first be brought to the airway to ensure it is clea r.Choking is a life-threatening emergency.A first aid attendant would determine properness of breathing and provide rescue breathing if necessary.Some organiz

5、ations add a fourth step ofD for Deadly bleeding , while othersconsider this as part of the Circulation step.Variations on techniques to maintain the ABCs depend on the skill level of the first aider.Once the ABCs are secured,first aiders can begin additional treatments, as required.Some organizatio

6、ns teachthe same order of priority using the3Bs”: Breathing , Bleeding , and Bones.Whilethe ABCs and 3Bs are taught to be performed continuously, certain conditions may require the consideration of two steps at the same time.This includes the action of both CPR and chest compressions to someone who

7、is not breathing and has no pulse.Notes :lay adj .外行的 render vt.实施priorityn.优先权长短句分析： While first aid can also be performed on animals , the term generally refers to care of human patients.句法点睛：本句中，while引导让步状语从句，意思是“尽管”。句意：尽管急救可以用在动物身上，但这个术语一般指对病人的救助。【语篇解读】急救是指在最后的医疗救护到来之前对病人实施的初步的救助。在实施急救过程中，我们要把握好

8、“ ABC策略，即“气道、呼吸、循环”三要素。也有人增加了D元素，即“流血”的处理。无论怎样只要我们掌握合理的急救知识，病人就能得到救助。What does It in the first paragraph refer to?First aid.Definitive medical treatment.Further medical care.D An injury.答案 A 词义猜测题。联系第一句作者给 first aid下的定义，以及“series of simple life-saving techniques that an individual can be trained to

9、perform with minimal equipment可知，it在这里指急救。Whenwe talk about first aid we usually mean according to the passage.A giving professional helpB giving original help to humansC treating animalsD any help to animals and humans答案 B 细节理解题。联系第二段中的the term generally refers to care of human patients ”可知，尽管急救可以指

10、对动物的救助，但是一般来说，只指对人实施的最初救助。D有一定的干扰性，救助是指对病人实施的救助，而不是任何帮助都叫 first aid 。When giving first aid we must first make sure.A the airway is clearB the patient must breatheC we have necessary medical toolsD. the patient is not choked答案 A 细节理解题。从Attention must first be brought to the airway to ensure it is cle

11、ar. ”可知，确保病人气道通畅，这是最重要的。While a man is choked we should.begin additional treatmentsmake sure he has pulsemake him breathe smoothlytake two steps at the same time答案 C 细节理解题。从Choking is a life-threatening emergency.A first aid attendant would determine properness of breathing and provide rescue breath

12、ing if necessary.可知，对窒息病人而言，确保他呼吸是最重要的。维A2阅读理解（每题2分，满分8分）选材网站： http : /高考曾用材料：2010安徽卷D篇选材相似度： 设题相似度： 难度系数：Jeremy Wirick,9 , has been back in school for less than two months, but he hasalready had several asthma attacks.A recent attack happened on October 2, after hepushed himself too hard in gym cla

13、ss.Running, power walking , jogging and push-upstook their toll.When Jeremy got home an hour or two later, he was out of breath.Heneeded to use a nebulizer , a machine that helps send medicine quickly to the lungs,to get his breathing back to normal.Asthma attacks like Jeremy increase in September a

14、nd October.More than six times as many asthma sufferers who are elementary-school age needhospital treatment inthe fall as in the summer.,the stress ofExperts believe many factors can contribute to back-to-school asthma.Kids get together in close spaces , they start passing viruses around.A viral in

15、fection can cause an asthma attack.There are also certain fall allergies that can cause attacks.Exercise is another common cause of an attack.Besides school can make asthma worse.Parents can play a big role in helping kids with asthma start the school year right.Dawne Gees 10-year-old son, Alexander

16、 , has had asthma since he was a baby.Before the school year starts ， she tells school workers in writing about her sons asthma.The Gees live in Kentucky ， which has passed laws allowing students to carry their asthma medication with them at school.Alexanders mom makes sure he has his inhaler with h

17、im when he goes to school and that he keeps it on hand at all times.In Delaware ， where Jeremy lives ， kids are allowed to carry their inhalers at school.The American Lung Association says that about 6.2 million American children suffer from asthma.Asthma is the chronic illness that causes students

18、to miss the most days of school.There are many things that schools can do to help students control their asthma.Notes :asthma n.哮喘 allergy n.过敏症 medication n.药物治疗i nhaler n.人工呼吸器chronicadj .慢性的【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章首先通过 Jeremy Wirick向我们讲述了哮喘病的表现方式，接着讲述了它的起因以及预防措施。The passage mainly deals with.A how to prev

19、ent and treat asthmaB what asthma is and its symptomsC the side-effects asthma has on kidsD. the causes of asthma and its treatment答案 D 主旨大意题。文章第一段引出要讨论的话题一一哮喘病，接着作者介绍了哮 喘病的起因及治疗方法，最后指出父母和学校应该有责任帮助孩子们治疗和预防哮喘病，故 最佳答案为Do Which of the following statements is NOT supported by the passage?A Kids are like

20、ly to suffer asthma attacks in the fall.Stress can add to the risk of asthma attacks.C Medical officials should be blamed for asthma attacks.D Asthma attacks will need necessary medical treatment.答案 C 推理判断题。由第二段可判断A项正确；由第三段最后一句可判断B项正确；由第五段可判断 D项正确。而C项文中没有提及，符合题意。The passage lists many factors that c

21、ause asthma attacks EXCEPT.A. a viral infection B . unhealthy habitsC. certain fall allergies D. physical exercise答案 B 细节理解题。由第三段可以判断A、C、D都是引起哮喘病的原因，只有 B项没有提到。The following paragraph is probably going to talk about.tips on asthma for schoolsa survey on students with asthmathe effects asthma has on s

22、tudentsfurther understanding of asthma答案 A 推理判断题。由最后一段中的There are many things that schools can do to help students control their asthma. 可以推测接下来要讨论学校帮助学生控制哮喘 病的措施，故A项为正确答案。维B短文改错（每题1.5分，？茜分15分）下面文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。A man and his bored wife went on vacation

23、to Jerusalem.While they were there,the wife past away.The undertaker（ 殡仪员）told a husband, “You can have her shipped homefor $5,000 , or you can bury her there , in the Holy Land, for $150. The manthought about it and told him why he would just have her shipped home.The undertaker asked,“Why would you spend $5,000 shipped your wife home, when that would be wonderfulto be buried here and you would