高考英语分考点试题预测名词

1、名词一、考点分析：(1)从近几年高考英语语法与名词词汇所考试题来看，高考命题中语法与词汇呈现出以下特点：淡化语法，注重交际语境化与生活化，不再单独地去考察某一个语法或是词汇点，而是把考点放到一个生活化的语言环境中，突出语用能力。通过全国各省市的单选题来看，名词在这几年的高考试题中占据相当一部分比重，有很多省市的高考题体现出与时俱进”的趋势。(2)近几年高考名词考点分布情况：年份词义辨析固定搭配200343200429200547200642200751200883合计2725(3)备考建议：A.语义学习是语言学习过程中的基础，没有一定的词汇量，听说读写等其它能力无从谈起。所以，在备考中，一定要

2、重视词汇语义的学习和复习。B.词汇意义的领悟和掌握既要机械记忆，又要在阅读、运用中领悟，巩固。要将词汇织 成一个网，全面掌握一些重要的词汇及相关词汇。C.同义词的学习必须进行专项复习。收集大量的语言实例，反复记忆，用心领悟。二、03-08高考真题t eat( 2008 福建) What s the of having a public open space where you caneven simply hang out for a while?A. senseB. matterC. caseD. opinion【解析】sense意为 感觉”。在这样一个公共场所，不可以吃喝甚至不可以走动有什

3、么感 觉。【答案】A（2008 天津卷）Most air pollution is caused by the burning of like coal, gas and oil.A. fuels B. articlesC. goods D. products【解析】fuel燃料，题干中coal, gas, oil均为燃料。【答案】A（ 2008 山东）I bought a dress for only 10 dollars in a sale; it was a real.A. exchange B. bargainC. tradeD. business【解析】bargain廉价货。【答案】

4、B（ 2008 江西卷）Shall we go out for a walk? Sorry. This is not the right to invite me. I am too tired to walk.A. momentB. situation C. place D. chance【解析】句意为：此刻邀请我不合适。【答案】A（ 2008 湖北卷）The young man made a to his parents that he would try to earn hisown living after graduation.A. prediction B. promise C.

5、planD. contribution【解析】年轻人对父母做出许诺。A意为预测，D意为贡献。【答案】B（ 20083胡d匕卷） The top leaders of the two countries are holding talks in a friendlyA. atmosphereB. stateC. situationD. phenomenon【解析】atmosphere氛围，D意为现象。【答案】A2 2008 安徽卷）To save some of the human languages before they are forgotten, the students in our

6、school started a discussion“ Save Our A. SkyB. LifeC. ArtsD. Voices【解析】为了拯救那些被遗忘的人类语言，我校同学开展了题为拯救我们的声音”的大讨论。【答案】D（2007 上海 43） My morning includes jogging in the park and reading newspapersover breakfast.A. drill B. action C. regulation D. routine【解析】routine意为 常规，日常事务”，句意为 我早上要做的事包括在公园慢走和吃早餐 时读报”。dri

7、ll意为 操练，（反复）练习；action意为 行动，举动，行为“；regulation意为 规则， 规章，调节校准”。【答案】D（2007 山东 27 ） I can t say which wine is best （n） it sa of personal taste.A. affair B. event C. matter D. variety【解析】matter意为 事件，问题”。根据所提供的情景 I can t say which wine is best判断” 出哪种酒最好，因为这是个人口味的问题。 affair意为 事务，事件，私事；event意为 事件,事变， 结果，活动，精

8、力，竞赛；variety意为 变化，多样性种种，品种，种类工【答案】C2 2007 安徽 32） The practice of hanging clothes across the street is a common inmany parts of the city.A. lookB. signC .sight D. appearance【解析】sight意为 视觉，风景”，表示 在这个城市的大部分地方都能看见把衣服悬挂在街上“。100k意为 祥子，外表”。sign意为 记号，符号。appearance意为 出现，露面，出场， 登台，外貌，外观”。【答案】C2 2007 福建 31） .Y

9、ou are always full of.Can you tell me the secret? Taking plenty of exercise every day.A. power B. strength C. forceD. energy【解析】考查名词辨析，此题主要是弄懂语境，才能知道空格中所需要的含义，根据后面的回答 可知道，前面问的应该是精力充沛”之意。energy, power, strength和force均可表示 力“，但energy意为 能量”，尤指人在做某事 并为完成该事所表现出的生机勃勃的力，多用作不可数名词。You are always full of energ

10、y.表示你总是精力充沛power意为 能力”，词义丰富，可指内在的或外加的力、潜在的或活动的力、具体的或抽象的力、身体的或精神的力等。force意为力”，常指促使物体运动的力，也可指势力、武力或暴力，可用作可数名词和不可数名词。strength意为体力”，常指人体或物体内存在的力，如气力、耐力、抵抗力，有时也可指进行某种活动的推动力，是不可数名词。【答案】D（ 2007 胡d匕 23） Despite such a big difference in towards what one eats, there is nodoubt that people in the west regard t

11、he Chinese food as something special.A. pointB. ideaC. attitude D. sight【解析】考查词意辨析，理解语境是关键，因为四个名词不难区分。attitude意为 态度”常与towards连用，表示 对的态度”。表示人们在吃食方面的态度 有很大不同。point意为 特点,特征，要点”；idea意为 主意，念头，思想，计划,打算，意见”; sight意为视力,视觉，意见，见解”。【答案】C（2007 陕西 12） .He and his wife are of the same;they both want their son to

12、go to college.A. soul B. spiritC. heart D. mind【解析】此题关键在于排除C项，因此heart的具体词义的记忆是必不可少的。mind意为 愿望，想法”。根据所提供的情景they both want their son to go to college可判断出他和他的妻子都一个共同的愿望。soul意为 灵魂，心灵，精神，气魄，热情 ”。spirit意为精神，心灵，灵魂。heart意为胸，胸部，心胸，心地，心肠，胸怀，感情，热情，爱情， 灵魂；良心”。【答案】D（2007 天津 12） One thousand dollars a month is no

13、t a fortune but would help cover my living.A. billsB. expenses C. prices D. charges【解析】考查名词词义辨析，着重要理解此四词的区别。expense意为（时间、精力、金钱等的）消耗，花销，费用“。根据上文中的 One thousand dollars a month可判断出 千美元虽然不是一大笔钱，但够生活的费用故选B项。bill意为 账单，清单”。price意为 价格,价钱，市价，代价，价值作 费用”解时指买某件东西所需要的费用。 charge意为费用，捐税，代价，记账 ”作费用”解时指卖方开出的价钱。【答案】

14、B（2007 浙江 12 ） .Of the seven days in a week. Saturday is said to be the most popular for a wedding in some countries.A. way B. situation C. event D. choice【解析】此题考查对语境理解来确定适合的名词，根据情景可判断出答案。choice意为 选择“。根据所提供的情景 Of the seven days in the a week可判断出在这七天 里星期六是大家普遍选择为结婚的日子。way意为 方法，手段situation意为 形势，局面，情况，

15、关系。event意为 事件；事情；事变；大事 ”。【答案】D（2006 全国 II） It is no arguing with Bill because he will never change his mind.A. useB. helpC. timeD. way【解析】it is no use后接动词+ing形式或动词+ing形式短语表示做某事没有用。it作形式主语，接动词+ing形式或动词+ing形式短语作真正的主语。help意为 帮助。time意为 时间”。 way意为方法”。【答案】A（2006 天津）Finding information in today s world is

16、easy. The how you can tellif the information you get is useful or not.A. ability B. competition C. challengeD. knowledge【解析】challenge意为挑战，艰巨任务，难题”，由于我们现在正处于信息爆炸的时代， 在当今时代中找到信息是一件很容易的事，但区分出这些信息是否有用的确是一个难题。ability意为 能力。competition意为 竞赛。knowledge意为 知识”。【答案】C（ 2006 上海卷）When Jane began to take swimming l

17、essons, her main was the fear ofwater.A. evidenceB. crisisC. obstacleD. danger【解析】他的主要障碍是对水的恐惧感。A证据，B危机，C障碍。【答案】C（2006 辽宁）School children must be taught how to deal with dangerous .A. states B. conditionsC. situationsD. positions【解析】situation意为 形势，局面；情况”，指各种具体情况综合起来的状态，多指危急 或重大的事态，强调外部因素对该事态的影响。表示要教

18、给学生如何处理危险情况。state意为状况，情形，情况，形势”，指人或物在外观、心理、健康、环境等方面的情形，即人或物 存在或所处的状态，但不如 condition具体。condition意为状态，状况，情形”，用作单数形 式，表示人或物所处的真实具体状态，尤指内在状态，可与 state替用，用作复数形式，笼统 地表示一般的状态。position意为 位置；方位；地点”。【答案】C（2006 年浙江卷） If you like I can do some shopping for you.That s a very kind.A. offer B. service C. point D. su

19、ggestion【解析】本题可以用排除法。首先service是不可数名词，应该排除。另外本题问句如果你愿意，我可以帮你买东西”从意思上分析是一个建议，suggestion作为提议、建议时是不可数 名词，可以排除。另外 point指观点，不符合题意。所以选 A, offer,也是提议的意思。【答案】A（2006 年福建）Always read the on the bottle carefully and take the right amount ofmedicine.A. explanationsB. instructions C. descriptionsD. introductions【

20、解析】instruction意为 说明，须知”，在正式场合，指不可违背的命令，在一般场合， 指知识性的指示或意见，与direction相比，语气较轻，较委婉，常用作复数形式。explanation意为解释，注释；说明”，指通过实例进行解释说明。description意为描写”，指通过生动的语言描述某件事或某个情节。introduction意为 用导；传入，介绍”，指对某种新产品进行介绍。【答案】B（2006 年?胡d匕卷） To make members of a team perform better, the trainer first of all has to know their a

21、nd weaknesses.A. strengths B. benefitsC. techniquesD. values【解析】strength意为 力，力量，体力”，常指人体或物体内存在的力，如气力、耐力、抵抗力，有时也可指进行某种活动的推动力。根据句意可判断出为了使体育队的成员在比赛中取得更好成绩，教练首先要了解队员的体力和薄弱的地方。benefit意为 利益，好处；利润technique意为技术。value意为汾值”。【答案】A（2006 年湖北卷）The on his face told me that he was angry.A. impression B. sight C. ap

22、pearance D. expression【解析】expression意为表情”，根据后面“told me可以推断前面 告诉我们他很生气”的 应该是他 脸上的表情。impression是印象，sight是视觉，appearance是外貌，这三个逻辑上 都不对。【答案】D（2006 年湖北）At the meeting they discussed three different to the study of mathematics.A. approaches B. meansC. methodsD. ways【解析】way意为方式，方法”，可指具体的方法，也可指抽象的方法，多指一般的思想、

23、 行动、办事的方法，也可指个人特殊的方法、方式等。three different ways of study of mathematics表示 三种不同的学习数学的方式approach原指接近某人或某物，也可指对待或处理的方式或方法。means用于抽象意义，可指为达到某一目的而采用的方法、计划、政策、策略等，尤指整套的方法，用于具体意义，常指为达到某一目的所使用的工具、材料、机器、用具、车船 等。method指具体的、系统的、有步骤的方法，强调条理性及高效率。【答案】A（2006 年广东卷） You have been sitting on my hat and now it is badly

24、 out of .A. date B. shapeC. orderD. balance【解析】out of shape是变型”的意思，根据前面 你坐在我的帽子上”可判断出帽子是 变 型”了。out of date 意为 过时“，out of order 意为 混乱，out of balance 意为 失衡”。It is said that dogs will keep you for as long as you want when you are feeling lonely.A. safety B. company C. house D. friend【解析】本题的意思据说在你孤独的时候狗

25、会陪伴在你身边，keep you company是 如影随形”的意思。（2006 年春上海卷）Put the of your tongue against your upper teeth when you producethe sound.A. tipB. topC. peakD. pole【解析】the tip of your tongue 舌尖。【答案】A（2005 年天津卷） Bill was doing a lot of physical exercise to build up his.A. ability B. force C. strength D. mind【解析】build

26、 up one s strength己强壮。【答案】C（2005 年上海卷） He proved himself a true gentleman and the beauty of his wasseen at its best when he worked with others.A. temperB. appearance C. talentD. character【解析】character性格。当他与别人一起工作时他的性格展现出最好的一面。temper脾气；appearance 夕卜貌；talent 智力。【答案】D（2005 年辽宁卷） The head office of the

27、bank is in Beijing, but it has all over thecountry.A. companies B. branches C. organizations D. businesses【解析】branch分部。在全国各地有许多分部。company公司；organization组织；business【答案】B（2005 年浙江）I am sure David will be able to find the library-he has a pretty good ofdirection.A. idea B. feeling C. experience D. sens

28、e【解析】sense of direction 方向感。根据所提供的情景 “I am sure David will be able to find thelibrary可判断出他有良好的方向感。feeling感觉，除指身体的感觉外，还可指思想、感情上的感觉。【答案】D（2005 年安徽卷）My of this weekend asctivity is going out with some goodfriends.A. ideaB. opinion C. mindD. thought【解析】idea指日常生活中的想法、意见，一般较具体、清楚。 opinion指对某事的具体 看法或意见。min

29、d智力，精神。thought指经过充分考虑和推理后形成的意见，可更全面、更 系统。【答案】A（2004 全国卷 III ） The faces of four famous American presidents on Mount Rushmore can be seen from a of 60 miles.A. lengthB. distanceC. wayD. space【解析】60 miles指的是一段 距离”，而不是 长度“、路线”和 空间”。【答案】B（2004 天津）I keep medicines on the top shelf, out of the children .

30、sA. reach B. hand C. holdD. place【解析】out of reach够不到。【答案】A（2004 湖北）Don t leave matches or cigarettes on the table withinof little children.A. handB. reachC. spaceD. distance【解析】within reach在伸手可及的范围内。【答案】B（ 2004 上海春）I have read the material several times but it doesnt make any to me.A meaningB. impor

31、tanceC.senseD. significance【解析】make sense说得通；有道理。【答案】C（ 2004 上海春）Usually a childs behavior is a of his family environment.A. recognitionB. reflectionC. returnD. record【解析】reflection反映；recognition承认；认可。【答案】B（2004 上海卷）The environmentalists said wild goats on the vast grasslands wagood indication of th

32、e better environment.A. escapeB. absenceC. attendanceD. appearance【解析】野山羊的出现预示着环境改善。【答案】D（2004 年上海）In dealing with public relations, we should make every effort to prevent the in personality.A. contactB. contrastC. connectionD. conflict【解析】在处理公共关系的时候，我们应该尽力防止性格方面的冲突。【答案】D（2004 年上海卷） Chinese arts hav

33、e won the of a lot of people outside China.A. enjoymentB. appreciation C. entertainment D. reputation【解析】中国艺术赢得了国外人们的欣赏。【答案】B（2003 年北京卷） 一I m sorry I stepped outside for a smoke. I was very tired. There is no for this while you are on duty.A. reasonB. excuseC. causeD. explanation【解析】当你值班的时候出去吸烟是没有任何

34、借口的。【答案】B（2003 年上海卷）I dont think its my that the TV blew up. I just turned it on ,thats all, “ said the boy.A. errorB. mistakeC. faultD. duty【解析】It is one s fau展人的过错。fault过失，过错。【答案】C（2003 年上海卷） One of the consequences of our planets being warming up is a （ n） in the number of natural disasters.A. re

35、sultB. accountC. reasonD. increase【解析】全球变暖的后果之一是自然灾难数量的增加。【答案】D（2003 年上海卷） Life is tough in the city. In order to lose their , some people drink alcohol.A. temperB. moodC. consciousness D. pressures【解析】城市生活非常艰辛。人们常借助于酒来缓解压力。【答案】D（2003 春季上海卷）More and more people choose to shop in a supermarket as it

36、offers agreat of goods.A. varietyB. mixtureC. extensionD. combination【解析】人们选择去超市购物是因为超市提供各种各样种类繁多的货物。【答案】A（2003 春上海）The collapse of the World Trade Centre has put US economy in a difficult .A. occasionB. caseC. situation D. background【解析】世贸中心大楼的倒塌使美国的经济陷入困难的境地。【答案】C三、名校试题.（合肥市 2009 高三第一次质量检测）The fin

37、ancial crisis has put the world economy in adifficult.A. occasion B. condition C. evaluation D. situation【解析】经济危机使世界经济陷入困难的境地。A场合；B状况，条件；C评价。【答案】D.（福建省普通高中 2009年毕业班单科质量检查）-Paul has gone abroad to try his luck.-In my, his decision is not wise.A. wordB. view C. sight D. way【解析】in my view=in my opinion

38、 我认为他的决定不明智。【答案】B.（宁波市 2009 年第一次教学质量检测）一Jack Brown is very clever and he studies hard aswell.No he comes out first in the exams.A. answer B. question C. wonder D. problem【解析】It is no wonder that/ No wonder 为固定句型，意为：难怪 。本句句意为：难怪他在考试中老是第一。【答案】C.（烟台市 2009 年高三年级模块检测）As is well known, the brain performs

39、a very important, which controls the nerve system of the body.A. motion B. action C. function D. fact【解析】句意：众所周知，大脑起着重要的作用，它控制着人体的神经系统。A项移动，运动；B项行动，function功能，作用。【答案】C.（山东省莒南一中 2008-2009学年度高三第一学期学业水平阶段性测评）He managedto reach the summit of his career, but it was at the of his health.A. consumptionB. c

40、redit C. exhaustion D. expense【解析】wt the expense of 以为代价。【答案】D.（江西省重点中学协作体09届高三第一次联考）She got her first science fiction published . It turned out to be.when was that?一It Was in 2008 she was still in college .A. success; that B. a success; when C. success; when D. a success; that 【解析】某些抽象名词具体化后变成可数名词，

41、前可加冠词。第二句为强调句型。 【答案】D.（唐山市 20082009学年度高三年级第一次模拟考试）US President Barack Obama isexpecting the economy to show some of recovery .A. attemptsB. signs C. contents D. waves【解析】attempt企图；尝试；sign迹象；content内容，所有物；wave波浪。【答案】B. The is just around the corner and you won t miss it.A. shoe s shop B. shoe shop C.

42、 shoes shopD. shoes shop【解析】本题考查名词作定语。【答案】B. What the expert has said and done will be to the department managers.A. valueB. benefitC. of valuable D. of benefit【解析】be +抽象名词相当于形容词。be of benefit=be beneficial o【答案】D. Giving small children some money as a gift during the Spring Festival is a common in

43、China, which may seem strange to foreigners?A. senseB. practice C. groundD. habit【解析】common practice习惯做法，惯例。 common sense常识。 【答案】B四、考点预测（一）预计2009年高考英语名词的主要考点如下：1、词义辨析随着 淡化语法，注重语言交际及语用功能”这一理念的逐渐认同及新课标对词汇量要求的逐年增加，09高考对名词的高考会呈上升趋势，而且将非常注重特定语言环境下的名词词义 辨析及运用能力。2、名词的数3、名词作定语4、所有格的位置5、抽象名词具体化 （二）原创考点预测试题Th

44、e research showed beyond that smoking contributes to heart diseases.A. wonder B. doubt C. problem D. use【解析】beyond doubt为固定短语，意为：无疑，确实。本句句意为：这项研究确实表明 吸烟会导致心脏疾病。【答案】BWould you take my old TV in for this camera?A. placeB. returnC. exchangeD. business【解析】in return for作为回报；in exchange for交换。你愿意用我的旧电视机换这

45、架照相机吗？【答案】CFaced with the hard financial, all the countries in the world should learn to cooperate to get it over.A. situationB. position C. phenomenon D. state【解析】面对严重的经济形势，世界各国应努力合作共同克服。situation形式，处境。【答案】AIt is a spectacular as the fireworks are set off and light up the who sky during theSpring F

46、estival.A. look B. view C. scenery D. sight【解析】100k看；面貌；view指从某处看到的景色；scenery指自然景色；sight指所看到 的事物，景象。在春节期间，当烟火被点燃照亮整个夜空的时候真是一幅壮观的景象。【答案】DQuite a few employees payments are cut down and barely cover their housedue to the serious economic crisis.A. bills B. expenses C. prices D. charges【解析】expense意为“（时

47、间、精力、金钱等的）消耗 ，花销，费用”。很多雇员收入下降 不够维持生活的费用故选B项。bill意为账单，清单price意为访格价钱，市价，代 价，价值charge意为费用，捐税，代价，记账 ”，作费用”解时指卖方开出的价钱。【答案】BSuddenly we felt the atmosphere grow tense as neither of the sides would give in.A. atmosphere B. stateC. situation D. phenomenon【解析】atmosphere氛围，D意为现象。我们突然感觉到气氛变得紧张了。The Chinese are

48、 looking forward to the first to land on the moon after three Chineseastronauts successful trip to space.A. measureB. attemptC. purposeD. desire【解析】measure措施；attempt试图，尝试；purpose目的；desire渴望，欲望。在中国 三名宇航员成功遨游太空后，中国正盼望着登月的第一次尝试【答案】B Who did you stay with ye sterday? I couldn t find you anywhere. .A. Mr

49、. Green sB.The Greens C. Greens D. The Mr. Green s【解析】此题考查考生对复数姓氏名词的掌握能力。表示姓的一家人，应用the +姓氏的复数形式。【答案】B.I shouldn t have accepted the man s present, but I found it didHowiHt 1tosturn.A. offer B. requestC. suggestion D. plan【解析】offer: statement offering to do, or give sth to sb.（为某人做某事或给某人某事物的） 建议，提议request: act o