《电子专业词汇表》word版

1、一、微电子学、电子电路、电子设计自动化等Microelectronics 微电子学Bipolar transistor 双极型晶体管Unipolar transistor 单极型晶体管Capacitor 电容器Resistor 电阻器Inductor 电感器Impedance 阻抗Diode 二极管Transistor 晶体管Field Effect Transistors 场效应晶体管Silicon 硅Germanium 锗Integrated Circuit 集成电路Discrete circuit 分立电路Discrete component 分立元件Operational amplif

2、ier 运算放大器Substrate 基片，衬底Semiconductor 半导体Monolithic IC 单片式集成电路Thick film IC 厚膜集成电路Thin film IC 薄膜集成电路Conductor 导体Insulator 绝缘体Analog IC 模拟集成电路Digital IC 数字集成电路Gain 增益Power dissipation 功耗Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor 互补型金属氧化物半导体Metal-Oxide Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor 金属氧化物半导体场效应管T

3、ransistor-Transistor Logic 晶体管-晶体管逻辑电路N-channel Metal Oxide Semiconductor N沟道金属氧化物半导体P-channel Metal Oxide Semiconductor P沟道金属氧化物半导体Application Specific Integrated Circuit 专用集成电路Logic gate 逻辑门电路Grid electrode 栅极Source electrode 源极Drain electrode 漏极Channel region 沟道区域Emitting electrode 发射极Base electr

4、ode 基极Collecting electrode 集电极Direct Current 直流Alternative Current 交流Rectifier 整流器Filter 滤波器Voltage regulator 稳压器Adder 加法器Subtracter 减法器Multiplier 乘法器Divider 除法器Integrator 积分器Differentiator 微分器Register 寄存器Trigger 触发器Flip-flop 触发器Oscillator 振荡器Quartz crystal 石英晶体Boolean algebra 布尔代数Counter 计数器Compara

5、tor 比较器Combinational logic circuit 组合逻辑电路Sequential logical circuit 时序逻辑电路Clock generator 时钟发生器p-n junction PN结DC-coupled 直流耦合的AC-coupled 交流耦合的Inverter 反相器Mixer 混频器Modulator 调制器Demodulator 解调器Amplifier 放大器Audio frequency 音频Video frequency 视频Radio frequency 射频Multistage amplifier 多级放大器Volt-ampere cha

6、racteristic 伏安特性Anode 阳极Cathode 阴极Open-loop 开环Closed-loop 闭环Common-mode rejection ratio 共模抑制比Very-Large-Scale Integrated circuit 超大规模集成电路Small Scale Integrated circuit 小规模集成电路Medium Scale Integrated circuit 中规模集成电路Large Scale Integrated circuit 大规模集成电路Common-collector connection 共集电极连接Common-emitter

7、 connection 共发射极连接Common-base connection 共基极连接Common-gate connection 共栅极连接Common-drain connection 共漏极连接Common-source connection 共源极连接Electronic Design Automation 电子设计自动化Prototype 原型机，样机Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EPROM) 可擦除只读存储器Electric Erase Programmable Read Only Memory (E2PROM) 电可擦除只读

8、存储器Field-Programmable Gate Array 现场可编程门阵列Decibel 分贝Floating-point calculation 浮点计算Majority carriers多数载流子Minority carriers少数载流子Computer Aided Design 计算机辅助设计Intrinsic semiconductor 本征半导体Extrinsic semiconductor 掺杂半导体Leakage current 漏电流Light Emitting Diode 发光二极管Matching 匹配Passive device 无源器件Active devic

9、e 有源器件Peak voltage 峰值电压Average voltage 平均电压Phase-Lock Loop 锁相环Photo diode 光电二极管Pin 管脚Saturation region 饱和区Cutoff region截止区Amplification region放大区Sensitivity 灵敏度Threshold 门限值，阈值Truth table 真值表Electron 电子Hole 空穴Wire routing 布线Zener diode 齐纳二极管Input impedance 输入阻抗Output impedance 输出阻抗Junction FET 结型场效应

10、管Positive supply voltage 正电源电压Negative supply voltage 负电源电压Ground 地Bit 比特Byte 字节Reference potential 参考电位Positive charge 正电荷Negative charge 负电荷Tube 电子管Negative-Positive-Negative transistor NPN三极管Positive-Negative-Positive transistor PNP三极管Silicon dioxide 二氧化硅Transformer 变压器Speaker 扬声器Electric outlet

11、电源插座Distortion 失真Linear Amplifier 线性放大器Nonlinear amplifier 非线性放大器Power electronics 功率电子学Cassette recorder 盒式录音机Kilohertz 千赫Megahertz 兆赫Gigahertz 吉赫Terahertz 太赫Microphone 麦克风Audio amplifier 音频放大器Video amplifier 视频放大器Band 波段，频带Feedback 反馈Capacitance 电容Resistance 电阻Inductance 电感Precision 精度Stability 稳定

12、度Buzzer 蜂鸣器Signal condition 信号调理Electronic game 电子游戏Digitalization 数字化Fidelity 保真度Digital watch 数字式手表Data sampling 数据采样Signal frequency 信号频率Signal amplitude 信号幅度Signal phase 信号相位Superconductor 超导体AND 与OR 或NAND 与非NOR 或非XOR(EOR) 异或On-chip memory 片上存储器Clock cycle 时钟周期External memory 外部存储器Register set 寄

13、存器组Chipset 芯片组，芯片集Electronic component 电子元件Stray capacitance 寄生电容，杂散电容Insulating material 绝缘材料Linear IC 线性集成电路Logical IC 逻辑集成电路Switch 开关Collector load 集电极负载DC supply 直流电源Lumped element 集总元件Inductive element 感性元件Component lead 元件引脚Printed circuit board 印刷电路板Electroplated hole 电镀孔Volt 伏特Ampere 安培Ohm 欧

14、姆Silicon wafer 硅晶片Control terminal 控制端Power-supply circuit 电源电路Amplifier circuit 放大电路Battery 电池Internal power supply机内电源Input voltage 输入电压Output voltage 输出电压Signal waveform 信号波形Loudspeaker 扬声器，喇叭Sound box 音箱Microwave 微波Electronic organ 电子琴Signal detection 信号检测Television station 电视台Radio station 无线电台

15、Transducer 换能器Sensor 传感器Sampling technique 采样技术Digital storage 数字存储Scanner 扫描仪Programmable processor 可编程处理器Programmable Logic Device 可编程逻辑器件Programmable circuitry 可编程电路Modem 调制解调器Front view 前视图Side view 侧视图Pixel 像素Radar 雷达Microwave oven 微波炉Cathode Ray Tube 阴极射线管Chinese Institute of Electronics 中国电子学

16、会Institute for Electrical and Electronic Engineers (美)电气电子工程师协会Institution of Electrical Engineers(英)电气工程师协会Electronic and Information Engineering 电子与信息工程Communication engineering 通信工程Signal processing 信号处理Computer measurement and control system 计算机测控系统Electronic circuit 电子电路Software development 软件开

17、发二、计算机体系结构、微处理器、计算机网络、计算机软件、面向对象技术、网络安全等Operating system 操作系统Application software 应用软件Spreadsheet 制表软件Word processing software 字处理软件Compiling program 编译软件Database system 数据库系统Arithmetic Logic Unit 算术逻辑单元Control Unit 控制单元Memory 存储器Input and output devices 输入输出设备Interface circuit 接口电路Central Processin

18、g Unit 中央处理器Laptop computer 膝上型电脑Palm Digital Assistant 个人数字助理Computer architecture 计算机体系结构Reduced Instructions Set Computers 精简指令集计算机Complex Instructions Set Computers 复杂指令集计算机Very Long Instruction Word 超长指令字Architect 设计师Digital Signal Processor 数字信号处理器Open architecture 开放式结构Closed architecture 封闭式

19、结构Ring network 环形网络Star network 星型网络Bus network 总线型网络Hub 集线器Switch 交换机Nanosecond 纳秒Microsecond 微秒Millisecond 毫秒Cache 高速缓冲存储器Subroutine 子程序Instruction sequence 指令序列Addressing mode 寻址模式Operand 操作数Opecode 操作码Hardwired 硬件实现的Address bus 数据总线Control bus 控制总线Data bus 数据总线Open System Interconnection 开放系统互连R

20、elational database 关系数据库Object-oriented analysis 面向对象的系统分析Object-oriented design 面向对象的系统设计Object-oriented programming 面向对象的程序设计Object-oriented language 面向对象的编程语言Object-oriented architecture 面向对象的体系结构Object-oriented database management system 面向对象的数据库管理系统Scalar 标量Vector 矢量Property 属性Method 方法Message

21、消息Encapsulation 封装Deadlock 死锁Class 类Object instance 对象实例Inheritance 继承Subclass 子类Superclass 父类Polymorphism 多态性Tree topology 树形拓扑Network topology 网状拓扑Wide Area Network 广域网Local Area Network 局域网Network architecture 网络体系结构The physical layer 物理层The data link layer 数据链路层The network layer 网络层The transport

22、ation layer 传输层The session layer 会话层The presentation layer 表示层The application layer 应用层Transmission Control Protocol 传输控制协议Internet Protocol 网际互连协议Protocol suite 协议簇User Datagram Protocol 用户数据报协议IP address IP地址Advanced Research Projects Agency NETwork 阿帕网Address Resolution Protocol 地址解析协议Reverse Add

23、ress Resolution Protocol 反向地址解析协议Network number 网络号Host number 主机号Request For Comments RFC文档Multicast 多播Broadcast 广播Reserved address 保留地址Address assignment 地址分配Diskless client 无盘工作站Back compatibility 后向兼容性Packet 分组，数据包Frame 数据帧，帧Message encapsulation 消息封装Pentium 奔腾Intel 英特尔公司Motorola 摩托罗拉公司Personal

24、Computer 个人电脑Microsoft 微软公司Apple Inc. 苹果公司Dynamic Instructions Set Computers 动态指令集计算机Electronic mail 电子邮件World Wide Web 万维网Secondary cache 二级缓存eXtensible Markup Language 可扩展标记语言Compiler 编译器Machine language机器语言 Assembly language汇编语言 Advanced Micro Device Inc. AMD公司Software compatibility 软件兼容性Random A

25、ccess Memory 随机访问存储器Read Only Memory 只读存储器Storage space 存储空间Mainframe 大型主机Computer network 计算机网络Subnet 子网Routing 路由HyperText Transfer Protocol 超文本传输协议File Transfer Protocol 文件传输协议Simple Mail Transfer Protocol 简单邮件传输协议Post Office Protocol - version3 邮局传输协议版本3Simple Network Management Protocol 简单网络管理协

26、议International Standards Organization 国际标准化组织Router 路由器Broadcast address 广播地址Source address 源地址Destination address 目的地址Optical access network 光纤接入网Search engine 搜索引擎Uniform Resource Locator 统一资源定位符Server 服务器Client 客户端Web sites 网站Web pages 网页Tree 树型结构Sequential list 顺序队列Search time 查找时间Data structure

27、 数据结构Junk mail 垃圾邮件Web server 网页发布服务器Computer Security 计算机安全Firewall 防火墙Computer virus 计算机病毒Encryption, Encrypt 加密Decryption, Decrypt 解密Computer crime 计算机犯罪Data backup 数据备份Data recovery 数据恢复Network-linked computer 联网计算机Authorized user 授权用户Unauthorized individual 非授权人Access-control software 访问控制软件Cla

28、ssified information 保密信息Confidential information 机密信息Secret information 秘密信息Top secret information 绝密信息Thermogram 温谱图Floppy disk 软盘Hard disk 硬盘Optical disk 光盘USB flash disk U盘Checksum 校验和Symmetrical cryptosystem 对称加密系统Asymmetrical cryptosystem 非对称加密系统Plaintext 明文Ciphertext 密文Data Encryption Standard

29、 数据标准加密算法Subscriber Identity Module 用户识别卡Personal Identification Number 个人身份号Automatic Teller Machine 自动柜员机Smart card 智能卡Robustness 鲁棒性Fingerprint 指纹Palmprint 掌纹Pattern recognition 模式识别Image processing 图像处理Distance learning 远程教育Handwriting recognition 笔记识别Face identification 人脸识别Database retrieval 数

30、据库检索Ecommerce 电子商务Microprocessor 微处理器Programming language 编程语言Parallel processor 并行处理器Stack 堆栈The Internet 国际互联网，因特网Network segment 网段Media Access Control address MAC地址Subnet mask 子网掩码Gateway 网关Domain Name Server域名转换服务器Digital signature 数字签名三、数字音频、数字图像处理、电视技术等Sound wave 声波Background noise 背景噪声Audio

31、signal 音频信号Video signal 视频信号Logarithm 对数Multimedia 多媒体Analog-to-Digital Converter AD转换器Digital-to-Analog Converter DA转换器Sampling rate 采样率Frequency response 频率响应Quantization noise 量化噪声Sound volume 音量Sample resolution 采样分辨率Dynamic range 动态范围Frequency spectrum aliasing 频谱混迭Transfer function 传输函数Fourier

32、 transform 傅立叶变换Inverse Fourier transform 逆傅立叶变换Discrete Fourier Transform 离散傅立叶变换Fast Fourier Transform 快速傅立叶变换Magnitude spectrum 幅度谱Frequency spectrum 频率谱Power spectrum 功率谱Likelihood function 似然函数Grid 栅格Raster 光栅Resolution 分辨率Projection 投影Computer vision 计算机视觉Neural network 神经网络Fingerprint identif

33、ication 指纹识别Cable television 有线电视Antenna 天线Television camera 电视摄像机Synchronization 同步Geosynchronous orbit 地球同步轨道High Definition TeleVision 高清晰度电视Brightness 亮度Interlaced scanning 隔行扫描Successive scanning 逐行扫描Television acoustics 电视伴音Standard television signal 标准电视信号Television channel 电视频道Live televisio

34、n broadcast 电视直播Television system 电视制式四、信息论与编码理论Channel capacity 信道容量Transition probability 转移概率Entropy 熵Rate distortion function 率失真函数Shannon 香农Distortionless source coding 无失真信源编码Rate-distortion coding 限失真编码Channel coding 信道编码Information source 信源Bit 比特Nat 奈特Hart 哈特Self-information 自信息量Mutual info

35、rmation 互信息量Conditional information 条件信息量Joint information 联合信息量Information destination 信宿Channel 信道Transmitter 发射机Receiver 接收机Joint entropy 联合熵Conditional entropy 条件熵Joint distribution 联合分布Marginal distribution 边缘分布Markov Chain 马尔可夫链Noiseless Channel 无噪信道Binary channel 二进制信道Binary Symmetric Channel

36、 二进制对称信道Binary Erasure Channel 二进制可抹信道Channel coding theorem 信道编码定理Limit entropy 极限熵Data compression 数据压缩Data decompression 数据解压Uniquely decodable code 唯一可译码Instantaneous code 即时码Moving Pictures Experts Group 运动图像专家组Information theory 信息论Average symbol entropy 平均符号熵Huffman coding 哈夫曼编码Additive White

37、 Gaussian Noise 加性高斯白噪声Bandwidth 带宽Binary source 二元信源Source coding theorem 信源编码定理Broadcast channel 广播信道Multiple access channel 多址接入信道Cascade of channels 信道的级联Parallel channels 并联信道Source coding 信源编码Interference 干扰Channel capacity theorem 信道容量定理Channel transition matrix 信道转移矩阵Channels with memory 有记忆

38、信道Memoryless channel 无记忆信道Codelength 码长Continuous channel 连续信道Continuous source 连续信源Discrete channel 离散信道Discrete source 离散信源Decoding delay 译码延迟Discrete memoryless channel 离散无记忆信道Discrete memoryless source 离散无记忆信源Average mutual information 平均互信息量Gaussian channel 高斯信道Gaussian distribution 高斯分布Hamming

39、 code 汉明码Data processing theorem 数字处理定理Maximum entropy 最大熵Weighted entropy 加权熵Multi-user channel 多用户信道Random process 随机过程Shannon code 香农码Signal to Noise Ratio 信噪比Shannons first theorem (source codingtheorem) 香农第一编码定理Shannons second theorem (channel coding theorem) 香农第二编码定理Shannons third theorem (rat

40、e distortiontheorem) 香农第三编码定理Shannon equation 香农公式State transition 状态转换State diagram 状态图Time Division Multiple Access 时分复用Frequency Division Multiple Access 频分复用Code Division Multiple Access 码分多址Stationary source 平稳信源Stationary channel 平稳信道Single-symbol source 单符号信源Multi-symbol source 多符号信源Single-sy

41、mbol channel 单符号信道Multi-symbol channel 多符号信道Information source redundancy 信源冗余度Channel redundancy 信道冗余度Markov source 马尔可夫信源Symmetric channel 对称信道Strongly symmetric channel 强对称信道Quasi-symmetric channel 准对称信道Linear block codes 线性分组码Cycle code 循环码Fano code 费诺码White noise 白噪声Colored noise 色噪声Hamming dis

42、tortion 汉明失真Huffman code 哈夫曼码Random variable 随机变量Morse code 莫尔斯码Two-way channel 双向信道Special channel 特殊信道General channel 一般信道Multi-user information theory 多用户信息论Network information theory 网络信息论Prior probability 先验概率Posterior probability 后验概率Laplace distribution 拉普拉斯分布Uniform distribution 均匀分布Exponent

43、ial distribution 指数分布Joint Photographic Expert Group 联合图像专家组Iterative algorithm 迭代算法Relay channel 中继信道Additive channel 加性信道Codeword 码字Average codeword length 平均码长Average power 平均功率Peak power 峰值功率Communication networks 通信网Maximum posterior probability criterion 最大后验概率准则Maximum likelihood criterion 最大

44、似然准则五、电路分析、数字电路、模拟电路、信号与系统、微机原理、数字信号处理、单片机原理、通信原理、高频电子线路、自动控制原理等主要课程Passive two-terminal network无源二端网络Active two-terminal network有源二端网络Joule 焦耳Circuit model电路模型Reference direction 参考方向Constant voltage source 恒压源Constant current source 恒流源Kirchhoffs law基尔霍夫定律Controlled source 受控源 Equivalent transform

45、ation等效变换Current-Controlled Voltage Source电流控制电压源Current-Controlled Current Source电流控制电流源Voltage-Controlled Voltage Source 电压控制电压源Voltage-Controlled Current Source 电压控制电流源Cascade connection 串联Parallel connection 并联Star connection 星型连接Delta connection 三角形连接Input resistance 输入电阻Equivalent resistance 等

46、效电阻Independent equation 独立方程Branch analysis 支路法Node analysis 节点法Mesh analysis 网孔法Loop analysis 回路法Thevenins theorem 戴维南定理Angular frequency 角频率Electromotive force 电动势Potential difference 电位差Reciprocal theory 互易定理Proportion circuit 比例电路Nonlinear resistance 非线性电阻Small signal analysis 小信号分析法First-order

47、circuit 一阶电路Second-order circuit 二阶电路Nonlinear circuit 非线性电路Oscillating circuit 振荡电路Vector analysis 向量法Admittance 导纳Resonance 谐振Complex power 复功率Coupling inductance 耦合电感Air-core transformer 空心变压器Iron-core transformer 铁芯变压器Ideal transformer 理想变压器Mutual inductance 互感Three phase circuit 三相电路Lumped circ

48、uit 集总电路Distributed circuit 分布电路Network analysis 网络分析Network synthesis 网络综合Energy storage element 储能元件Differential equation 微分方程Difference equation 差分方程Sinusoidal quantity 正弦量Major three elements 三要素Electrical energy 电能Magnetic energy 磁能Maximum power transfer 最大功率传输Binary Coded Decimals二进制编码的十进制Bina

49、ry number 二进制数Octal number 八进制数Decimal number 十进制数Hexadecimal number 十六进制数Seven-Segment display 七段显示器True code原码Ones complement 反码Twos complement 补码AND gate与门OR gate 或门NOT gate 非门Exclusive OR gate 异或门NAND gate 与非门NOR gate 或非门Three state gate 三态门Pull-up resistor 上拉电阻Rise edge 上升沿Fall edge 下降沿Asynchro

50、nous counter 异步计数器Synchronous counter 同步计数器Shift register 移位寄存器Dual In-line Package 双列直插式封装Level triggered 电平触发Edge triggered 边沿触发Static memory 静态存储器Dynamic memory 动态存储器Schmitt trigger 施密特触发器Bistable trigger 双稳态触发器Sample-hold circuit 采样保持电路Timer 定时器Race and hazard 竞争与冒险Weighted resistor 权电阻High impe

51、dance state 高阻态Complex Programmable Logic Device 复杂可编程逻辑器件Latch 锁存器Multiplexer 数据选择器Buffer 缓冲器Demultiplexer数据分配器Very-high-speed integrated circuit Hardware Description Language超高速集成电路硬件描述语言Algorithmic State Machine 算法状态机变容二极管 Varactor diodeOpen collector gate 集电极开路门Voltage follower 电压跟随器Advanced Boo

52、lean Equation Language 高级布尔表达式语言Current follower 电流跟随器Amplitude distortion 幅度失真Phase distortion 相位失真Nonlinear distortion 非线性失真Crossover distortion 交越失真Class A power amplifier 甲类功放Class B power amplifier 乙类功放Logarithmetic amplifier 对数放大器DC path 直流通路AC path 交流通路Virtual short circuit 虚短Virtual open cir

53、cuit 虚断Noninverting amplifier 同相放大器Inverting amplifier 反相放大器Quality factor 品质因数Thermal noise 热噪声Pass band 通带Reject band 阻带Gain Bandwidth Product 增益带宽积Regulated power supply 稳压电源Threshold voltage 开启电压Active filter 有源滤波器Frequency compensation 频率补偿Single-band signal 单边带信号Temperature drift 温度漂移Cutoff fr

54、equency 截止频率Negative feedback 负反馈Positive feedback 正反馈Wavelet 小波Decomposition 分解Fundamental component 基波分量Harmonic component 谐波分量Inner product 内积Matched filter 匹配滤波器Distortion transmission 无失真传输Scaling property 尺度变换Orthogonal 正交Homogeneous solution 齐次解Particular solution 特解Vector space 矢量空间Invertibl

55、e system 可逆系统Physical realizability 物理可实现性Impulse response 冲激响应Causality 因果性Casual system 因果系统Convergence region 收敛域Gibbs phenomenon 吉布斯现象All-pass system 全通系统Minimum-phase system 最小相位系统Time-invariant system 时不变系统Instantaneous system 即时系统Dynamic system 动态系统Stable system 稳定系统Nonstable system 不稳定系统Time

56、 domain 时域Frequency domain 频域Transform domain 变换域Sampling theorem 采样定理Laplace transform 拉普拉斯变换Inverse Laplace transform拉普拉斯逆变换Convolution 卷积Parsevals theorem 帕斯瓦尔定理Unit impulse signal 单位冲激信号Unit step signal 单位阶跃信号Zero state response 零状态响应Zero input response 零输入响应Total response 全响应Zero-pole diagram 零

57、极点图Stimulus 激励Z transform Z变换Signal-flow graph 信号流图Input/Output interface 输入/输出接口Time sequence 时序Interrupt 中断Interrupt vector table 中断向量表Interrupt source 中断源Interrupt response 中断响应Interrupt priority level 中断优先级Interrupt mask 中断屏蔽Interrupt nesting 中断嵌套Instruction system 指令系统Basic Input Output System

58、基本输入输出系统Flash memory 闪存Program memory 程序存储器Peripheral device 外部设备Data memory 数据存储器Serial interface 串行接口Parallel interface 并行接口Direct Memory Access 直接存储器访问DOS function call DOS功能调用Expansion slot 扩展槽Main board主板Bus Interface Unit 总线接口部件American Standard Code for Information Interchange 美国信息交换标准码Execut

59、ion Unit 指令执行部件Carry flag 进位标志位Sign flag 符号标志位Overflow flag 溢出标志位Minimum mode 最小模式Maximum mode 最大模式Instruction queue 指令队列Immediate addressing 立即寻址Register addressing 寄存器寻址Direct addressing 直接寻址Register indirect addressing 寄存器间接寻址Register relative addressing 寄存器相对寻址Data segment 数据段Code segment 代码段Sta

60、ck segment 堆栈段Single-step debugging 单步调试Set breakpoint 设置断点Keyboard interface 键盘接口Marco instruction 宏指令Pseudo instruction 伪指令System function 系统函数Infinite Impulse Response system无限长冲激响应系统Finite Impulse Response system 有限长冲激响应系统Windowing 加窗Sinc function sinc函数Circular shift 圆周移位Circular convolution 圆周