高级商务英语一

1、Unit 1:The Empire Strikes back. “When you want to create a climate and culture of hyper-growth, you really need to live and breathe emerging markets.”When you want to create a climate or culture of a super fast growing organization, you really need to come to emerging markets and feel in person what

2、 it is like living and working there.which brings together all of Big Blues operations outside North America and western Europe.which brings all of IBMs operations (units) outside North America and western Europe under its leadership.Latin America now reports to Shanghai.now under the leadership of

3、Shanghai.based on the right cost, the right skills and the right business environmentif the cost is relatively low, the skills are up to standard, and the business environment is favorable.horizontally and globallyIt can pool all human resources of IBM and allocate them in an optimal way among busin

4、ess units across the world.Why IBM relatively painless sell PC department?When Lenovo, a Chinese PC company, acquired the business divisionof IBM, a global giant of the USA, there was no loss of face or nationaldisgrace involved in this because it was considered nothing but an exchange of commoditie

5、s.hot labour markets in emerging markets are causing extremely high turnover rates.the booming labour markets in emerging markets are causing fast flowof talents from one firm to another.IBM reckons that its global reach gives it an edge in recruitment and retention over local rivals.its global expa

6、nsion helps it maintain a competitive advantage overlocal competitors in terms of the talents it hires and the longer time itkeeps the talents.thanks to an infrastructure boom that promises to span everythingdue to fast growth in the infrastructure construction business, which isestimated to cover e

7、very possible project from.There is still a striking lack of executives from emerging marketsat the top of developed-country multinationalsThere are still very few local executives who can climb to the top management of developed-country multinationals.the breadth and depth of management talentbreat

8、h=varied and diversified management talentsdepth=experienced and seasoned management talentsHead of strategy: 策略发展总监业机器公Big blue : nickname for IBM 国际商Emerging market:新兴市场hyper-growth: super fast growthPerennial : long-lasting; recurring;growth markets :成长型市场；增长 enduring型市line business : An LOB (lin

9、e-of-business) is a general term that describesthe products or servicesoffered by a business or manufacturer. In some large enterprise cultures, the term line-of-business (LOB) is used as a synonym for corporate division.cutting-edge ： leading-edge; sophisticated; hi-techCommoditised ： converted int

10、o a commodityOutsourcing :外包 The contracting or subcontracting of noncore activities to free up cash, personnel, time, and facilities for activities in which a company holds competitive advantage. Companies having strengths inother areas may contract out data processing, legal, manufacturing, market

11、ing, payroll accounting, or other aspects of their businesses to concentrate on what they do best and thus reduce average unit cost. Outsourcingis often an integral part of downsizing or reengineering.Also called contracting out. 承包Upstarts : firms that have risen suddenly to a position of power or

12、wealth新贵Pools : group of people available for work when required可招之即来的些人：a pool of doctors available for emergency work为应付紧急情况而待命的一些医生Turnover rate : A human resources metric which expresses the number of employees lost through firing, attrition and other means compared to the total number of employ

13、ees in the company. 人员流动率chief procurement officer : A chief procurement officer (CPO) is an executive role focused on sourcing, procurement, and supply management for an enterprise.首席采购官sales pitch :推销游说Pitching : trying directly to persuade governments to buy this business or to make a deal with g

14、overnments for this businessBlueprint : a set of proposals/plansexpatriate managers ； expat managers : 海夕卜派遣经理at short notice : with notification only a little in advancebottom-of-the-pyramid : An economic term referring to the largest but the poorest socio-economic group constituting more than 2.5

15、billion people that live on less than $2.50 a day. 金字塔底层 executive suites : The term executive suites referred to the suite of offices on or near the top floor of a skyscraper where the top executives of a company work, usually including at least the president or chief executive officer, various vic

16、e presidents and their staff.行政套房Poach : legally catch 猎取Unit 2:The Harry Potter Economy. “the tip of a publishing iceberg ”constituting the smallest proportion of total sales generated by thepublishing house.there was no point bidding against the firm for a childrens titleIt was impossible to beat

17、the firm in the competition for the market of childrens books.an article in the New York Times asked“Harry who?Two new adventure stories are now in the swim: the Greek myths, and the Arthurian legends. The Harry Potter model is out of fashion.The project appeared “too British for the studios but too

18、 big to be a British productionThe movies appeared too British for the American studios to manage well, but they are also too expensive to be produced solely in UK.her “worst nightmare was that her hero would end up on the side of fast-food containersthe image of her hero (Harry Potter) would be pri

19、nted on the side of fast-food containers, which Rowling thought would impact negatively the image of her hero.Given the rise of digital media and piracy, Harry Potter may be seen as a high-water mark in the industry.no film other than Harry Potter can make such remarkable achievements in the film in

20、dustry, especially in box office performance.Division: Alternative term for business unit. 部门market-testing:市场测试；销售实验；市场定位技术snowball effect:滚雪球效应；滚雪球似地迅速增大的效应；雪球效果Turnover:营业额，成交量Revenues: money that a business or organization receives over a period of time, especially from selling goods or services

21、 (income)Outfit: a business firm engaged in a particular form of commercial enterprisePundits: a person who knows a lot about a particular subject and who often talks about it in public; an expertrevenue streams: 收益源； 盈禾源 A companys revenue stream is the amount of money that it receives from selling

22、 a particular product orservice. (BUSINESS)The events business, she said, was crucial to the group in that it provides a constant revenue streamBlitz: an advertising or publicity blitz is a major effort to make the public aware of something.On December 8 the media blitz began in earnest.master toy l

23、icence:原版使用许可；主许可执照Unit 4:Silicon Valley visionary who put Apple on top l.ground-breaking productIn the hi-tech industry, people had been guessing about for months what Apples latest revolutionary product would be before it was debuted.there are no second acts in American lifeNo second act means you

24、 get one shot at the brass ring of success and even if you manage to grab it, life inevitably goes downhill to a tragic anti-climax.It seems 99% of persons get this wrong, considering that its always quoted in the context of someone or anothers re-emergence on the scene after going into an eclipse.

25、Fitzgerald did NOT mean there are no second chances in American life-but that American lives tend not to have middle acts, when the fruits of our early labors can be appreciated, before going into the inevitable decline of old age.there are no second acts in American life does not come more decisive

26、ly than this.There is nothing more definitely challenging F. Scott Fitzgeralds much-quoted witticism that there are no second acts in American life than the act of Steve Jobs whose successful comeback had provedFitzgerald wrong.s eyes over4.Of all the fingers that Apple has poked into Microsoft the

27、years, none can have rankled as much as the early success of the iPad.Of all the blows that Apple has dealt to Microsoft over the years, the early success of the iPad has inflicted the most pain to Microsoft.t points to a future beyond the computer mouseit points to a trend where the computer mouse

28、is no longer a must-have peripheral.and a world without Windows.and a computer world no longer dominated by Windows becauseApples Macintosh has come onto the stage. (IOS vs. Android).Sales of cheaper notebook computers are already suffering.The sales of cheaper notebook computers are already beginni

29、ng to decline. The number of consumers buying Apples iPad or upscale, higher-priced Mac computers is on the rise/increase.a company that has drawn on the openness of the web itself as the model for its own smartphone software.a company whose Android system for smartphones is based on the open Linux

30、kernel and that advocates that the software for smartphonesshall not be restricted on the open platform.The sophistication of his touch-screen devices is a long way fromMr. Job s rudimentary start in the garage of his adoptive parents in suburban northern California.It took Mr. Jobs a long long time

31、 to develop his highly sophisticated touch-screen devices, beginning with some simple devices in the garage of his adoptive parents in the suburban northern California.There was little in Mr. Jobs beginnings that gave a hint of what was to come.Nothing in Mr. Jobs humble beginnings suggested that he

32、 would be so successful in the years to come.Mr. Jobs spiritual aspirations left him with little use for either shoes or soap 6 for long periods 。Back from his spiritual pursuit in India, Mr. Jobs did not wear shoes or take a shower for a long time, which made his co-workers extremely worried.That m

33、eans pushing relentlessly forward rather than milking old successes - even ones as significant as the iPod.That means he pushes forward an innovative project persistently and unyieldingly rather than dwelling/resting on old successes; he is even not satisfied with achievements as significant as the

34、iPod.Others now have Apple in their sights, forcing Mr. Jobs into the competitive moves that would once have seemed out of character.Others now see Apple as their target to pursue (enemy to conquer), which forced Mr. Jobs to take countermeasures so as to gain competitive advantages over his rivals,

35、but this seemed quite unusual for Mr. Jobs for he was often too proud to care about competing with others.14.a prouder Steve Jobs would not have let out the door.Steve Jobs was too proud to admit that he had imitated the product of others and thus limited the use of Ping to iTunes users only. In oth

36、er words, it had not been released for public trial.Visionary: If you refer to someone as a visionary, you mean that they have strong, original ideas about how things might be different in the future, especially about how things might be improved.vision :愿景；视觉；远见In business, vision is foresight - th

37、e capacity to envisage future market trends and plan accordinglyVision StatementAn aspirational description of what an organization would like to achieve or accomplish in the mid-term or long-term future. It is intended to serve as a clear guide for choosing current and future courses of action.Miss

38、ion Statement.A written declaration of an organizations core purpose and focus that normally remains unchanged over time. Properly crafted mission statements (1) serve as filters to separate what is important from what is not, (2) clearly state which markets will be served and how, and (3) communica

39、te a sense of intended direction to the entire organization.A mission is different from a vision in that the former is the cause and the latter is the effect; a mission is something to be accomplished whereas a vision is something to be pursued for that accomplishment. Also called company mission, c

40、orporate mission, or corporate purpose.Sidelined: to prevent sb from playing in a team, especially because of an injury: The player has been sidelined by a knee injury.to prevent sb from having an important part in sth that other people are doing: The vice-president is increasingly being sidelined.w

41、ashed up :No longer successful or needed; finished; done. written off: If you write someone or something off, you decide that they are unimportant or useless and that they are not worth further serious attention.Seal:To establish or determine irrevocably: Our fate was sealed. Rebound: (especially bu

42、siness) a positive recovery/reaction that happens after sth negativewhipped up: to try to make people feel strongly about something; stirred upDisparagingly: slightingly; derogatorily; express a negative opinion ofreality distortion field: 现实扭曲力场Reality distortion field (RDF) is a term coined by Bud

43、 Tribble at Apple Computer in 1981, to describe company co-founder Steve Jobs charisma and its effects on the developers working on the Macintosh project.Tribble said that the term came from Star Trek. Later the term has also been used to refer to perceptions of his keynote speeches (or Stevenotes)

44、by observers and devoted users of Apple computers and products.The RDF was said by Andy Hertzfeld to be Steve Jobs ability to convince himself and others to believe almost anything with a mix of charm, charisma, bravado, hyperbole, marketing, appeasement and persistence. RDF was said to distort an a

45、udiences sense of proportion and scales of difficulties and made them believe that the task at hand was possible.suspension of disbelief: Suspension of disbelief or willing suspension of disbelief is a term coined in 1817 by the poet and aesthetic philosopher Samuel Taylor Coleridge, who suggested t

46、hat if a writer could infuse a human interest and a semblance of truth into a fantastic tale, the reader would suspend judgment concerning the implausibility of the narrative. Suspension of disbelief often applies to fictional works of the action, comedy, fantasy, and horrorinitial public offering I

47、PO:首次公开募股首次公开发行；首次公开招股The first sale of stock by a company to the public. Companies offering an IPO are sometimes new, young companies, or sometimes companies which have been around for many years but are finally deciding to go public. IPOs are often risky investments, but often have the potential f

48、or significant gains. IPOs are often used as a way for a young company to gain necessary market capital.Rankled: cause lasting bitterness or resentmentDigerati: People who are knowledgeable about digital technologies such as computer programming and designconjured from nothing: If you conjure someth

49、ing out of nothing, you make it appear as if by magic.premium prices :Premium pricing溢价政策 (also called image pricing orprestige pricing) is the practice of keeping the price of a product or service artificially high in order to encourage favorable perceptions among buyers, based solely on the price.

50、 The practice is intended to exploit the tendency for buyers to assume that expensive items enjoy an exceptional reputation or represent exceptional quality and distinction. A premium pricing strategy involves setting the price of a product higher than similar products. This strategy is sometimes al

51、so called skim pricing because it is an attempt to“ skim the cream “ off the trkeof the maIt is used to maximize profit in areas where customers are happy to pay more, where there are no substitutes for the product, where there are barriers to entering the market or when the seller cannot save on co

52、sts by producing at a high volume.Luxury has a psychological association with premium pricing. The implication for marketing is that consumers are willing to pay more for certain goods and not for others. To the marketer, it means creating a brand equity or value for which the consumer is willing to

53、 pay extra. Marketers view luxury as the main factor differentiating a brand in a product category.venture capitalist :风险资本家；风险投资家；风险投资人A venture capitalist is a person who invests in a business venture, providing capital for start-up or expansion. Venture capitalists are looking for a higher rate o

54、f return than would be given by more traditional investments.Generally, venture capitalists are looking for returns of 25 percent and up.Whats the difference between a venture capitalist and an angel investor?A venture capitalist is a professional investor. He or she manages a fund and is looking fo

55、r suitable investments for that fund. An angel investor is an individual who, while also looking for a suitable investment, is also looking for a personal opportunity.In other words, the venture capitalist may have no business experience applicable to the industry your company is involved in, and is

56、 focused on the potential rate of return your company can provide. An angel investor often has business experience relevant to your company and is interested in adding value to your company, as well as making a return on his or her investment.Stint=tenure : A stint is a period of time which you spen

57、d doing a particular job or activity or working in a particular place.占有(职位)Visionary: If you refer to someone as a visionary, you mean that they have strong, original ideas about how things might be different in the future, especially about how things might be improved.有远见的、 有预见性的Milking : If you s

58、ay that someone milks something, you mean that they get as much benefit or profit as they can from it, without caring about the effects this has on other people.call the shots : 定调子 (ALSO call the tune; wear the trousers)to be in the position of being able to make the decisions which will influence

59、a situation exercise authority or be in chargeLieutenant : an assistant with power to act when his superior is absent;deputy 副手Pragmatism means thinking of or dealing with problems in a practical way, rather than by using theory or abstract principles.实用主义Mass Market :大众市场；大规模市场；大量市场Un-segmented mar

60、ket in which products with mass appeal products (aspirin, orange juice, soft drinks, paperback romances, etc.) are offered to every customer through mass retailers or independent stores, and promoted through mass media.Niche Market :小众市场Expediency= convenience means doing what is convenient rather t