讲稿2016高二五届

1、Unit 3 The MexicanLanguage points be determined to do determined adj. 决意的，坚定的；已决定了的e.g. We were all inspired by his determined look. be determined to do 决定，决心做.e.g. 我们决心这次要取得成功。We are determined to succeed this time.= make up ones mind to dodetermination n. have the determination to do sth.Para. A a

2、 determined mandetermining adj. 决定性的determine vt.determine sth. / 宾语从句at the cost of 以牺牲.为代价e.g. 他最终以健康为代价换取了比赛的胜利。He finally won the game at the cost of his health. at all costs / at any cost 不惜一切代价，无论如何He stopped the press from finding out the truth at all costs.e.g. 他不惜任何代价阻止媒体发现事实真相。Para. AHe wa

3、nted to go abroad at any cost, even if it meant giving up his job. sth. cost sb. + n. 某事物使某人付出代价e.g. 他的懒惰使他丢了工作。His laziness cost him his job. fight against stronger and tougher boxersfight against为反对.而斗争，和.(斗争，作战，比赛)e.g. 与困难做斗争 fight against difficulties与侵略者作战 fight against invadersfight for 为.而战e.

4、g. 为自由而战 fight for freedomPara. A fight with sb. for / against和某人一起为.而战 / 对抗.e.g. We fought with other nations for peace.fight back 反击e.g. We shall fight them back if they attack.fight off 击退，打退e.g. They fought off the enemies. tough adj. 1) 艰难的，艰苦的，棘手的e.g. 一场艰苦的战斗 a very tough fightThe family had a

5、 tough / hard time two years ago.日子过得艰难The reporters asked a lot of tough questions.记者们问了很多棘手的问题。2) 严厉的，强硬的 be tough on / with Para. Ae.g. Amy对我们很严厉。Amy is very tough on us.e.g. He is a very tough man and can e any difficulty.4)(材料)坚韧，结实，耐用的e.g. Some plastics are as tough as metal.Para. A tough adj.

6、 3)坚强的grow experiencedexperienced adj. 有经验的e.g. The first time I worked with Jacky, I felt a little nervous because he is an experienced actor. . because he is experienced in acting.experience n. 经历c.；经验u.e.g. I had an interesting experience last week. How much experience should I have for the job?

7、experience v. 经历 e.g. Hong Kong has experienced a lot in the past 10 years. Para. A be engaged in a very tough fight engaged adj. 从事.的，忙于.的e.g. 那对夫妇当时正忙于装修他们新买的房子。The couple was then engaged in decorating their newly-bought house.She rang Tom, but the line was engaged.电话占线Im engaged tomorrow afterno

8、on.我明天下午有事。Is this seat engaged? = be taken / occupiedPara. Bbe engaged in= be busy in doing / be occupied in doing自他工作以来他已经参与了多次项目。Since he started his work, he has been engaged in several projects. = be involved in / take part in / participate in be engaged to sb.和某人订婚e.g. His daughter is engaged

9、to a famous doctor.They are engaged.Para. Bengage vi. 参加，卷入 sb. engage in (doing) sth.Only 10% of employees engage in daily exercise.e.g. The students engaged themselves in preparing the oral test.e.g. 只有10%的职员每天参加锻炼。 专家建议市民们参加运动。Experts suggested that citizens should engage in sports.vt. 使某人 / 自己参与

10、 / 忙于做某事engage sb. / oneself in (doing) sth. didnt match Danny in height, weight, or skills match v. 1) 和.匹敌，是.对手e.g. You cant match him in knowledge of wildlife.The two men are well matched in strength.e.g. 两人在体力上不相上下e.g. Your tie matches your shirt well / perfectly. sth. match sth. be well matched

11、 旗鼓相当，势均力敌Para. B2) 和.相配a well-matched couple adj.originate vi. 开始，起因，发源originate in / from 源自于，起源于e.g. The style of architecture originated from ancient Greece. 热狗不是起源于美国，而是德国。 The hot dog did not originate in the United States, but in Germany. This film originated from a true story. vt. 发明，始创，创造e.

12、g. Darwin originated the theory of evolution.Para. Aorigin n. 起源，源头，出身e.g. the origin of species 物种起源 He is a German by origin. 他祖籍德国。original adj. 原先的，起初的，原版的 (originally)e.g. original Picasso painting my original plan adj. 新颖的，独创的 (originality)e.g. He is a very original painter. original ideas n.

13、原版（作），原物in the original 原版（作）e.g. 他喜欢看原版小说。 He likes to read novels in the original.Para. Aestablish = found = set up 建立 ，确立，创立e.g. Our company was established in 1994. establish.as. 奠定或确立.的地位e.g. His second novel established himself as a top writer. She established her reputation / fame as an actre

14、ss. Para. Adescribe vt. 描述，描绘，描写，说成e.g. The police asked me to describe exactly how it happened. describe sb. / sth. as sth. 把.说成.，把.称为.describe sb. / sth. as being (having).e.g. He described himself as a doctor. He is described as being very clever.description n. 描绘，描述beyond description 无法形容e.g. 那风

15、景美丽得难以形容。 The scenery was beautiful beyond description.Para. Bsuch pron. 用于指代前文提到的人或物，意为这/那样的人或物e.g. He is a child, and must be treated as such. Children should go to bed early. Such is my fathers opinion. He is a capable leader and has always been regarded as such by his colleagues.*such as 例如 such

16、.as. 像.那样的 such.that. 如此.以至于e.g. There is no such person as you described in the neighborhood. This is such a good opportunity that you mustnt miss it. =This is so good an opportunity that. This is such fine weather today that wed like to go travelling.Para. Bcompare vt. / vi. 比较，对比，比喻 n. 比较, 对照 Par

17、a. Bcompare A with B 把A和B作比较compare A to B 把A 比作 B; A 相当于Bcompare with 与.相比(常与can连用）e.g. I compared the copy with the original, but there was not much difference. Drinking five cups of tea a day can be compared to two servings of vegetables. No one here can compare with you in English.beyond compare

18、 无与伦比e.g. She is lovely beyond compare. comparison n. 比较、相比comparative adj. 比较的、相对的comparatively 比较地、相对地比较：_your handwriting, his, I think, is much better. Compare with B. Comparing withC. Compared with D. To compare with_his room with mine , you will find mineis much smaller.A. Compared B. Comparin

19、g C. Compare D. To compare CBPara. B claim v. / n. 声称，宣称，(根据权利)要求 sb. claim to be. / to do sth. （以及to do的各种变形） sb. claim that. sb. claim sth. to be. 声称某物是. It is claimed that. 据称.e.g. 他声称自己是个优秀的钢琴家。 He claimed to be a good pianist. He claimed that he was a good pianist. 医生声称已经找到了治疗该疾病的方法。 Doctors cl

20、aimed to have discovered a cure for the disease. 据说有人宣称对这起事故负责。 It is claimed that someone will be responsible for the accident. =Someone claims responsibility for .Para. Bclaim damages 索要赔偿金You can claim your money back if the good is damaged. 索回.Did you claim on your insurance after your car accid

21、ent ? 向保险公司索赔Nobody claimed the mobile phone that he had found. 认领.Para. Bbe aware of sth. 意识到.(后跟名词或动名词)=be conscious of be aware that +从句e.g. 约翰已意识到自己做错了事情。 John has been aware of having done something wrong. = .that.awareness n. 意识，认识 raise ones awareness of. 提高某人对于.的认识e.g. raise peoples awarenes

22、s of AIDSPara. Binterfere v. 妨碍，干扰；干涉，介入，干预e.g.焦虑紧张会影响孩子在学校的表现。 Anxiety can interfere with childrens performance at school. 你最好不要干涉别人的私事。 Youd better not try to interfere in other peoples erference n. 干涉，干预，妨碍，扰乱interference with / inPara. Babsorption n. 吸收e.g. 晒太阳可以帮助钙质吸收。 Exposure to su

23、n can help the absorption of calcium by our body.absorb v. 吸收；吸引e.g. Plants absorb oxygen. Young people absorb new things easily. The book absorbed him. / absorb his attention. She is absorbed in reading a book. 她在专心致志地看书。Para. Bbe special to sb. / some place对某人来说非常重要而特别；某人或某地所特有的e.g. When it comes

24、to close friends, Lily is special to me. This kind of tradition is special to Chinas Changjiang River regions.Para. Cdigestion n.U 消化；吸收；领悟；消化能力e.g. foods which aid digestion 助消化的食物 have a good / poor digestion 消化力强/弱digest v. 消化(食物)；理解领会(信息)e.g. Fish is easy to digest. It takes hours for a meal to

25、digest. Have you digested the report yet? Para. Cavailable adj. 可获得的、可利用的、有空的 e.g. Do you have a room available ? You will be informed when the book es available. 这张票有效期只有两天。 The ticket is available only for two days. 校长没空见您。 The headmaster is not available for your interview.be (un)available to sb.

26、 对某人来说(不)可以获得的e.g. 科学家没有有用的数据。 No useful data are available to scientists.Para. Dsocialize vi 交际 、参与社交e.g. 也许你应该多和人交往。 Maybe you should socialize more. 我喜欢和其他同学一起玩。 I enjoy socializing with the other students. social adj. 社会的 society n. 社会 in society 在社会上 sociable adj. 好交际的；友好的，合群的Para. Ddiscuss vt.

27、 谈论、讨论、议论、商量或论述某事物 sth. with sb.e.g. discuss the game with his friends We discussed when to go / when we should go. They discussed selling the house. We are here to discuss Anns joining the club. Her latest book discusses the problems of the disabled.Attention: You cannot say discuss about sth.!disc

28、ussion n. 谈论; 讨论; 议论; 商量; 论述e.g. After much discussion, they decided to accept our offer. under discussion 正在讨论中 The plans have been under discussion for a year now, but no decision has been reached. the matter under discussion 正在讨论中的那件事Para. Ddate back to = date from 追溯到.始于.e.g. 这个家属的历史可以追溯到17世纪。 T

29、he history of the family can date from / back to 17th century. 这座教堂的历史可以追溯至13世纪。 The church dates from / back to the 13th century.Para. EFill in the following blanks with the proper forms of follow1. The professor came in, _ by several students.2. _ several students, the professor came in.followedFo

30、llowingPara. Eused to & be used toe.g. 上海不再是10年前的上海了。 Shanghai is no longer what it used to be ten years ago. 上海人已经习惯了拥挤的交通。 Shanghainese have got used to the heavy traffic.Para. Efavor vt. 较喜欢、偏爱favor A over B 比起B来更喜欢A = prefer A to Be.g. Girls are favored over boys as secretaries.favor n. 恩惠、赞同、有利

31、do sb. a favor=do a favor for sb. 帮某人一个忙in favor of 赞同、支持in ones favor 对某人有利e.g. Are you in favor of or against the plan ? I dont think the situation is in your favor.favored adj. 受到偏爱的 (un)favorable （不）有利的e.g. favorable situation 有利的形势Para. ERevision of the Text消耗某人大量的精力费时的工作起源于原版无法形容科学研究两份蔬菜与相比相当于

32、、比作为无与伦比consume lots of ones energy time-consuming workoriginate in/fromin the originalbeyond descriptionscientific research/ studytwo servings of vegetablescompare withbe compared tobeyond parison(无）有效的方法声称是/已经-据说干涉、介入比起B来更喜欢A帮某人一个忙赞同、支持对某人来说非常重要而特别、某人或某地所特有的对-来说可以获得开幕/闭幕式由来已久的风俗(in)effective metho

33、d / wayclaim to be/ have done-It is claimed that-interfere infavor A over Bdo sb a favor(be) in favor ofbe special to sb /spbe available to sb/for sthopening / closing ceremonya time-honored customTranslations茶是除了水以外世界上消耗最多的饮料。(consume)2. 足球起源于英国，风靡全世界。（originate）3.他被说成是我们公司最能干的员工之一。（describe) 4. 据称

34、绿茶和红茶对预防癌症、心脏病和其它许多致命的疾病都很有效。 Tea is consumed around the world more than any other drink except water.Originating in Britain, football es popular all over the world.He is described as one of the most capable employees in our company.Both green tea and black tea are claimed to be effectivefor prevent

35、ing cancer, heart disease and many otherdeadly diseases5. 科学家声称已经找到了治疗艾滋病的方法。（claim） 6. 自然灾害让人们意识到环境保护的重要性。（aware） 7. 校外的噪音影响了我们的学习。（interfere） 8. 请不要干涉我的私事。 9. 这种烹调风格是中国西南地区所特有的。(special) 10. 这种由来已久的传统可以追溯到19世纪。(date) Scientists claimed to have found an effective cure for AIDSNatural disasters made

36、 people aware of the importance of environmental protection.The noise outside the school interfered with our study.Please dont interfere in my affairs.This style of cooking is special to the southwest of China.This time-honored tradition dates back to 19th century.Additional Readingbe introduced in/

37、intospring upin large dosesby no meansproduce negative / positive effects onremove some of the poisonous substances from the brain act asact on get rid ofget/be hooked on被引进突然或快速的成长、涌现大剂量地决不产生不良/积极的影响或作用去除大脑里的一些有毒物质充当，作为而起作用对-起作用、按-行动去掉、摆脱沉溺于、迷上、对上瘾Words and Sroduce 介绍、引进 1）be introduc

38、ed in/into 被引进- This kind of vegetable was introduced into China from North America. 2）introduce sb to-把某人介绍给别人 The manager introduced his new assistant to the staff of the company.2. poison n. 毒药、毒物 vt 毒杀、使中毒 One mans meat is another mans poison.萝卜青菜，各有所爱。（谚语）Gases from cars are poisoning the air o

39、f our city.The explosion of the chemical plant has poisoned many local residentspoisonous adj. 有毒的 3. forbid （forbade forbidden forbidding） 禁止、 不许 forbid sb to do sth 禁止某人做某事 我不许你把这消息告诉任何人 I forbid you to tell anyone about the news. forbid doing 禁止做某事The school forbid smoking on campus.同义词：ban / pro

40、hibit / prevent sb from doing sth禁止某人做某事反义词：allow / permit allow /permit doing sth 允许做某事allow / permit sb to do sth 允许某人做某事4. spring up 迅速或突然生长、涌现、跳起 spring sprang sprung新建筑犹如雨后春笋般地出现在这座城市里New houses are springing up all over the city.The boy has really sprung up this summer; I hardly recognized him

41、.The boy sprang up from the seat at the good news.5. by no means 决不 =in no case , in no way , under no circumstances The job is by no means difficult to you .Notes:By no means 等表示否定意义的词或短语置于句首时，句子要用部分倒装。By no means was he able to handle it.by means of 凭借、通过-方法by all means 无论如何、当然可以6.stimulate 刺激、鼓舞，

42、鼓励The medicine stimulates the brain. stimulate sb to do sth 鼓励某人做某事 Praise stimulated the child to study hardstimulating adj. 刺激的、激励的、令人兴奋的produce stimulating effects 产生刺激作用7. remove vt 除去、开除、移动、取下、拿走 vi. 迁徙、离开、搬迁 remove sth from/ of sth 把某物从某物上去掉 He removed the mud from / of his shoes. remove sb from sth. （职务）把某人解雇 他们解除了他的职务。 They removed him from his position. Our office has removed from shanghai. removal n. 免职、去除、移走、搬迁8. worthwhile adj. 值得的 a worthwhile job 一份值得做的工作 It is worthwhile to do /d