观点论证型作文解析课件

1、观点论证型作文何 享Foreign Language School第1页，共79页。什么是观点论证型作文？ 观点论证型作文一般要求考生根据题目所给论点，按照提纲要求，通过摆事实、讲道理的方式对论点进行论证。 第2页，共79页。基本模式第一段：现象背景介绍+引出话题（公众观点+大概理由）；第二段：关于话题的相关因素（影响，作用，好处，危害或原因等）；第三段：陈述自己观点或预期未来。 第3页，共79页。高分原则文章中必须有五个左右的衔接词体现逻辑性。用词尽量避免重复，体现语言的灵活和升级。尽量使用非陈述句式，如倒装、被动、虚拟语气及插入语等。 第4页，共79页。例如：It pays to be h

2、onest当前社会存在许多不诚实的现象诚实利人利己，做人应该诚实第5页，共79页。写作思路（三段式）：1. 提出观点段引言句（背景）+主题句 （论点）+ 扩展句（正确性表现）+结尾句2. 论证观点段主题句 + 扩展句一（论据一） + 扩展句二（论据二） + 扩展句三（论据三） 3. 总结观点段主题句 + 扩展句（正确态度或做法） + 结尾句第6页，共79页。结构模板： 论点背景. It is true that 论点. No one can deny that 正确性表现. Therefore, 重申论点. Many remarkable reasons contribute to this

3、argument. First of all, 论据一. For example, 支持论据一的事例. Besides, 论据二. In addition，论据三. All mentioned above tell us that 重申观点. Therefore, there is no denying that 正确态度或做法. In a word, 观点总结. 第7页，共79页。范文：It pays to be honest Nowadays there still exist many dishonesties, such as cheating, over-charging, fake

4、 commodities, etc. , which ruin our moral life. It is true that being honest is not only beneficial to others but also to ourselves. No one can deny that honesty is a traditional virtue of Chinese people. Therefore, we should value honesty highly.第8页，共79页。It pays to be honest Many remarkable reasons

5、 contribute to this argument. First of all, honesty can build up a more stable society. For example, Singapore, which is a society of trustworthiness and integrity, has a comparatively low criminal rate. Whats more, honesty can make our life easier and more harmonious. Besides, only honest people ca

6、n be truly respected by others and can have more friends.第9页，共79页。It pays to be honest All mentioned above tells us that being honest is of benefit to both state and the individual. Therefore, there is no denying that we should foster the spirit of honesty and let dishonesty have no place to stay in

7、 our society. In a word, laying stress on honesty will become one of the public morals in our society.第10页，共79页。College Students Using Credit Cards越来越多年轻人开始使用信用卡你的看法第11页，共79页。Nowadays more and more people pay more attention to. Some people argue thatwhile others firmly hold that In my opinion, I thi

8、nk this question should be probed in depth. On one hand, the first group is not totally correct because On the other hand, the second group In a word, we can see clearly that the key lies in Otherwise 第12页，共79页。 Nowadays more and more people pay more attention to college students using credit cards_

9、. Some people argue that this will lead to a tendency of college students spending money without limitation while others firmly hold that college students are adults and they have the ability to choose whatever way of spending money第13页，共79页。 In my opinion, I think this question should be probed in

10、depth. On one hand, the first group is not totally correct because money in a credit card is not countless and the host bank has certain strict disciplines of using credit cards. On the other hand, the second group seems not quite right because there are really some college students who have no self

11、-control when it comes the spending of money.第14页，共79页。 In a word, we can see clearly that the key lies in college students self-control when they go shopping with credit cards. Otherwise the advantages of using credit cards may become a burden to them.第15页，共79页。TV Dating近年来电视相亲节目很流行；有人反对，有人支持；我的看法第

12、16页，共79页。 Recently, TV dating shows produced by some of Chinas provincial satellite TV stations have become very popular. With the success of Jiangsu Satellite TVs “If You Are the One”, some other TV stations have been making their own dating programs. These programs have generated debate among the

13、viewers.第17页，共79页。 Some audiences think that these programs may have a bad effect on young people. They are worried about the money worship showed by a few female participants. Watched by millions, one female participant from Beijing once rejected a suitor by saying that she would rather cry in a BM

14、W than smile on a bicycle. 第18页，共79页。 Some other audiences support these programs. They hold that no TV shows can fully reflect social reality and that the money worship of a few participants does not represent mainstream Chinese society. People daring to express their love values in public should b

15、e considered as social progress.第19页，共79页。 In my opinion, the popularity of the TV dating programs can be employed as an opportunity to advocate positive values of love and marriage. After all, most people disapprove of the idea of money worship.第20页，共79页。Teenagers Studying Abroad现在有很多青年出国留学人们持有不同的观

16、点我的看法第21页，共79页。 Nowadays there are more and more teenagers who choose to go abroad to study in high schools or even elementary schools. Many people, especially the parents, claim that it will certainly do good to their children, for the independent overseas life will teach them confidence and persev

17、erance. Moreover, the quality of overseas education is often higher, thus the child stands a better chance entering a better university and getting a better job in the future.第22页，共79页。 After careful consideration, I think the above view is more than biased. On one hand, early independent life is no

18、t necessarily good, if the child cant receive proper guidance and tender care from parents. On the other hand, the educational quality is also doubtful, some foreign schools caring more about money rather than quality. Who can guarantee they can adapt to the fierce domestic competition?第23页，共79页。 In

19、 light of the favorable benefits and unavoidable disadvantages, it seems necessary for young students to conduct a thorough investigation before going abroad.第24页，共79页。Will E-books replace Traditional Books?现在年轻人流行在网上看电子书籍有人认为电子书籍会取代传统书籍你的看法第25页，共79页。Will E-books replace Traditional Books? With the

20、mass production of electronic devices and application of new technologies, mankind has entered an “e” age. We have e-mails, e-tests, and e-books, and consequently, paper-based materials gradually vanish. Nowadays, e-books become extremely popular among youngsters, while traditional ones seem suffer

21、a great loss of their readers. 第26页，共79页。Will E-books replace Traditional Books? For some people, electronic and internet based books are convenient and accessible. Environmentalists even advocate the benefit of e-books on the ground of forest protection. E-books lovers even assert that traditional

22、books will disappear in the near future. 第27页，共79页。Will E-books replace Traditional Books? For me, reading experience is unique and rewarding. Nothing can be more thought-provoking than thumbing through a book bought years ago under a table lamp in a dark night. As to note-taking, scanning and skimm

23、ing, and portability, traditional books have advantages. Just as the invention of camera didnt put an end to the history of painting, traditional book are, and will still be, an intimate friend of readers. 第28页，共79页。Will E-books replace Traditional Books? 点评 ： 本文是观点论证题型作文。 文章前半部分描述了电子书籍的普遍以及有人认为电子书籍

24、会取代传统书籍这一观点，后面作者从自己的角度分析了对这一观点的不认可，认为传统书籍有自己的优势，不会被电子书籍取代。 第29页，共79页。Should College Students Fight against the Criminality?大学生应该打击犯罪行为吗？说说你的看法 第30页，共79页。Model (2)It becomes a common tendency these days for people to _. Many people are opposed to _ because they think_. They also argue that _.In my mi

25、nd, however, I cant agree with _. At the same time, _. In addition, _.In conclusion, _.第31页，共79页。Should College Students Fight against the Criminality? Nowadays, more and more college students are becoming enthusiastic about the healthy development of the society. They even participate in the fight

26、against the criminality at the risk of their lives, which has caused a loft of debate among the media. 第32页，共79页。Should College Students Fight against the Criminality? So far as I am concerned, the college students should be very careful in their combat against the criminality for several reasons. O

27、n the one hand, the college students should take their studies as the priority in the four-year campus life. And they need to concentrate on their development and improvement of the skills for a bright future career. Besides, the society has placed too much expectation on them. 第33页，共79页。Should Coll

28、ege Students Fight against the Criminality? On the other hand, the college students should deal with the criminality with more strategies. In other words, when they meet the criminals in real life, they can appeal to the authorities like the police for help. Only in this way can they fight effective

29、ly and protect themselves in the mean time. 第34页，共79页。Should College Students Fight against the Criminality? In conclusion, the college students are supposed to fight against the criminality in an effective but safe manner instead of risking their lives. 第35页，共79页。Should College Students Fight again

30、st the Criminality? 点评 ： 本篇文章属于观点论证型作文首段描述了大学生打击犯罪行为这种行为，并给出作者自己的观点大学生在打击犯罪行为时应当深思熟虑，理智并机智得应对罪犯。后面一段具体分析了原因，展开论证。最后总结自己的观点。 第36页，共79页。现象解释型作文何 享Foreign Language School第37页，共79页。38Para 1：首先应总述现象并描述其现状；Nowadays / In recent years / In modern society, 总述现象, (which has(have) been brought into focus / whi

31、ch has(have) aroused great concern). / 现象 has become a serious problem. / What impresses us most today is 现象.现象表现，现象具体的体现或变化Moreover / In addition, 进一步描述现象表现或变化.现象解释型 第38页，共79页。39Para 2：在描述了现象之后，然后，分析这种现象的原因、相关因素或带来的影响描述影响 Undoubtedly, 该现象has (have) brought a negative effect (influence) on 影响对象. / 该

32、现象 can bring damage to影响对象. / 现象所涉及的主题can benefit a lot from 该现象. Above all, 影响一. For example, 进一步说明影响. Whats more, 影响二. In addition/Besides, 影响三.现象解释型 第39页，共79页。40OR 说明原因 The reasons for this phenomenon are varied. / There are many factors contributing to (influencing)该现象或其相关情况. Among all these rea

33、sons (factors), 原因一 plays (play) a critical role.Moreover / /Furthermore / Whats more, 原因二.Besides, 原因三.现象解释型 第40页，共79页。41Para 3：最后，阐述自己对该现象的看法或提出相关建议或希望做评价 No doubt/From my point of view, 对该现象做出总体评价. However, 可能存在的问题 / However, it is worth noting that 应该注意的事项. 进一步描述问题或注意事项. All in all / Therefore,

34、总结全文.现象解释型 第41页，共79页。42OR 提建议 As for me / From my point of view / In my opinion, 对该现象做出整体评价、对现象的发展做出预测或提出建议(, but 指出注意事项/提出建议). For one thing, 评价一/建议一.For another, 评价二/建议二.To conclude / In a word, 总结全文.现象解释型 第42页，共79页。43Secondhand Goods 例文讲解Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to wr

35、ite a short essay on the topic of Secondhand Goods. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below:目前购买二手货的人越来越多分析产生这一现象的原因3. 二手货交易可能带来的问题第43页，共79页。44Secondhand Goods 例文讲解目前购买二手货的人越来越多分析产生这一现象的原因3. 二手货交易可能带来的问题Para 1: In recent years, secondhand transactions have become quite

36、common (which have been brought into focus/ which have aroused great concern).Para 2: There are many factors contributing to this phenomenon. / The following reasons can account for this phenomenon.Para 3: However, there are also some problems in secondhand goods transactions.第44页，共79页。45Secondhand

37、Goods 例文讲解Para 1: In recent years, second-hand transactions have become quite common.Para 2: There are many factors contributing to this phenomenon. / The following reasons can account for this phenomenon.Para 3: However, there are also some problems in secondhand goods transactions.price: cheaperth

38、ings itself: make good use of those goods which may be uselessTransaction platform: internet let the transactions become more convenient and quicker 没有保障，得不到售后二手货市场缺乏有效监管，可能存在欺诈第45页，共79页。46Secondhand GoodsIn recent years, second-hand transactions have become quite common. / Nowadays there are more a

39、nd more secondhand goods in the market, such as secondhand books, furniture, appliances, cars, and so on. / Why do so many people like to buy secondhand goods?The following reasons can account for this phenomenon. / Above all, secondhand goods are cheaper than new ones. This enables those people who

40、 have poor financial abilities to buy the things they want. / Moreover, secondhand goods transactions make it possible for people to make good use of the goods which may be useless in their hands. Besides, Internet provides a more convenient and quicker transaction platform for secondhand goods.Howe

41、ver, there are also some problems in secondhand goods transactions. / For one thing, the quality of secondhand goods can not be promised and you can not enjoy the good after-sale service. For another, secondhand goods market lacks enough supervision and management, and there exist many dishonest bus

42、iness activities. In a word, I think secondhand goods transaction is a good trading way, but it needs further perfection of the rules.第46页，共79页。47词汇替换1.individuals，characters， folks替换（people ，persons）2. positive， favorable， rosy （美好的）， promising（有希望的）， perfect， pleasurable ， excellent， outstanding，

43、superior替换good3.dreadful， unfavorable， poor， adverse， ill （有害的）替换bad。 (如果bad做表语，可以有be less impressive替换)4.（an army of， an ocean of， a sea of， a multitude of ，a host of， many， if not most）替换many.5. a slice of， quiet a few ， several替换some6.harbor the idea that， take the attitude that，hold the view tha

44、t， it is widely shared that，it is universally acknowledged that）替换think7. affair ，business ，matter 替换thing第47页，共79页。48词汇替换8. shared 代 common9. reap huge fruits 替换get many benefits ）10. for my part ，from my own perspective 替换 in my opinion11. Increasing（ly），growing 替换more and more12.little if anythin

45、g， 或little or nothing替换hardly13beneficial， rewarding替换helpful，14.shopper，client，consumer，purchaser， 替换customer15.exceedingly，extremely， intensely 替换very16.hardly necessary， hardly inevitable 替换 unnecessary， avoidable17.sth appeals to sb， sth exerts a tremendous fascination on sb 替换sb take interest i

46、n / sb. be interested in18.capture ones attention替换attract ones attention.第48页，共79页。49词汇替换19.facet，dimension，sphere代aspect20.be indicative of，be suggestive of，be fearful of代 indicate， suggest，fear21.give rise to，lead to，result in，trigger 替换cause.22. There are several reasons behind sth 替换reasons for

47、 sth23. desire 替换want.24. pour attention into 替换pay attention to25 .bear in mind that 替换remember26. enjoy， possess 替换have27. interaction替换communication28. frown on sth替换 be against，disagree with sth29. to name only a few，as an example替换 for example，for instance30. next to / virtually impossible，替换ne

48、arly / almost impossible第49页，共79页。Attend Your Classes Regularly1.现在大学校园里，迟到、早退、旷课是常见的现象2.保证学生的出勤率对大学教育的重要性3.作为一个大学生应该怎样做第50页，共79页。51Attend your class regularlyNowadays it is a very common phenomenon that some university students are late for or even absent from classes. And still there are some stud

49、ents who slip out of the classroom before the class is over. Class attendance has become a thorny problem to both the students and teachers.In fact, it is very important for the students to attend their classes regularly. First, it will ensure you to catch up with the teachers in your learning. That

50、 is very helpful to you if you want to do a good job in your study. Second, attending classes regularly is a way of showing respect to your teachers ,too. Your teachers will feel bad if the students do not attend their classes, which, in turn, will affect their teaching and be no good for the studen

51、ts. Third, attending classes regularly will help to form a good habit of punctuality, which is of great importance for the students to do a good job in the future.Therefore, we university students should form the good habit of attending our classes regularly from now on. And some day well benefit fr

52、om it.第51页，共79页。College Students Job Hunting1.近几年出现了大学生就业难的现象2.产生这种现象的原因（如大学生追求的目标过高，专业不对口等）3.如何解决这一问题（改变就业观念，大学生再培训等） 第52页，共79页。53College students job hunting In recent years, college students find it increasingly difficult to get a job. It sounds strange since young college students are usually in

53、telligent, well-educated phenomenon, aspirant and eager to bring their talent into full play. Then what underlies the strange phenomenon?There are several reasons for this. To begin with, nowadays college students aim too high. All they want are “good” jobs which could offer good salary, comfortable

54、 working conditions, high social status among others. Consequently, most college students are unwilling to accept vacant jobs they consider not “good” enough. Another reason is that there is a big gap between the majors some students study in school and the demands of vacant jobs. So companies think

55、 some students are not fit for the jobs.Solution to the problem requires efforts on both the society and the students. The companies should value the students, talent and knowledge while the latter should not merely aim at material gains. They should be down-toearth in building up their career. Furt

56、hermore, they should face their weak points so as to improve themselves and be more competent.第53页，共79页。Chinas Food Safety1. 目前食品安全事件频频出现2. 造成这种现象的原因及保障食品安全的重要性 3. 应该怎么做？第54页，共79页。55Chinas food safety Recently many problems concerning the safety of food have popped up. Therefore, food security has b

57、ecome a hot topic across society.Generally, three factors can account for this issue. First of all, it is profits that drive many food producers to commit illegal things. They aim to gain more money at the cost of consumers health. Secondly, the overuse of agricultural pesticide has resulted in the

58、degradation of food quality. The excessive pesticide bears enormous health hazard for people. In addition, some food producers inject hormones into domestic animals in order to make them grow more quickly and thus they can make more profits. As a result, peoples health has been seriously disturbed.A

59、ll in all, food safety is such a great concern, and the government and the authorities concerned should establish laws and implement them effectively to avoid producing toxic foods.第55页，共79页。对比选择型作文何 享Foreign Language School第56页，共79页。Sample （2006年12月真题）Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 m

60、inutes to write a short essay on the topic On the Spring Festival Gala. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below:1）许多人喜欢在除夕夜观看春节晚会2）有些人提出取消春节晚会3）我的看法第57页，共79页。首先论述相反的两个观点，或分析评论某一社会现象的优缺点，然后给出自己的见解和看法第一段：论述一些人对某一事物或现象的看法，或某一事物的优点；第二段：论述另一些人对此事物或现象的看法，或某一事物的缺点；第三段：表明自己的观点。