牛津高中英语模块一-unit2-Language-points-语言点

1、英语课件牛津版高一模块一Unit 2Unit 2 Reading: Home aloneLanguage points1. Act one (line 1)act 作名词，有以下几种含义： 戏、幕 e.g. Act 5 Scene 2 第五幕第二景 行为,举动 e.g. a foolish act 愚蠢的举动, a brave act 勇敢的行为act 也可作动词，表示“扮演, 表演，行动”He acted his part well.他扮演的那个角色很成功。Many children act in TV shows. 有许多孩子在电视节目中进行表演。 Think before you act

2、! 三思而后行！ You should act according to your conscience. 你要凭良心办事。The manager acted on the decision of the director board. 经理根据董事会的决定行事。2. Mom and Dad arrive back from vacation a day earlier than expected. (line 2)vacation n. (AmE.) 休假，假期e.g. I worked in a small beachside restaurant during the college v

3、acation. 学院假期期间我在一家小的海滨餐馆打工。She has gone to Canada on vacation.她到加拿大去度假。(= holiday)3. Yes, I cant wait to surprise the boys! (line 5) cant wait to do sth 迫不及待地要做某事e.g. I am tired after all that walking and I cant wait to get between the sheets. 走了那么远的路我累了, 我要马上睡觉了。 I cant wait to meet you and your f

4、riend. 我迫不及待的想见到你和你的朋友。surprise 在此作动词，“使惊奇,使惊愕”e.g. They surprised us with a visit. 他们突然来访使我们大感意外。It surprised me to see so many people there.在那里看到那么多人使我感到意外。He was surprised at us.他对我们的举动感到诧异。surprise 也可作名词，“惊奇, 惊愕, 意外”e.g. Dont tell him about the present its a surprise. 不要告诉他礼物的事，这是件意想不到的礼物。I look

5、ed at him in surprise I didnt expect to see him again. 我惊奇地看他，没想到又见到他了。 作不可数名词常与to 连用，构成固定短语: to ones surprise 使某人惊讶的是To the teachers surprise, he failed in the exam again. (= To the surprise of sb. )其形容词是: surprising 令人惊讶的 surprised 感到惊讶的e.g. He was extremely surprised at the surprising news!词组拓展：c

6、ome as a surprise 意料之外give sb. a surprise 使某人感到诧异take sb. / sth. by surprise 使大吃一惊in surprise 吃惊地4. You werent supposed to come home until tomorrow! (lines 9-10) be supposed to应该，应当 e.g. The sports meeting was supposed to take place on Tuesday, but we had to postpone it due to the bad weather. You a

7、re supposed to be there.5. What did you do with the cash we left? (line 14) do with 处理，处置，常与what连用e.g. What do you do with this machine?拓展：deal with 处理， 常与how连用e.g. What will you do with this matter? How will you deal with this matter?拓展： have something to do with 和有关系 have nothing to do with 和没有关系e

8、.g. Her diligence must have something to do with her success. 她的勤勉和她的成功一定有某种关系。 I have nothing to do with this incident. 我和那件事毫无牵连。 It is said that in Australia there is more land than the government knows_.what to do with it how to deal with what to do with how to be dealt with6. Mom, Dad, I can ex

9、plain (line17)explain vt./ vi. 说明；阐明常用结构：explain sth to sb explain to sb sth/explain thate.g. Will you please explain the third paragraph again for us? 请您把第三段给我们再解释一下好吗?解释；辩解e.g. Can you explain why you were late? 你能解释一下你为什么迟到吗? You neednt explain any more. 你不必再解释了。explain的名词形式为：explanatione.g. His

10、explanations are always difficult to believe. 他说的总是让人难以相信。Note:explain后不能直接跟人作宾语，表示“向某人解释”要用to sb.，即explain sth. to sb.或explain to sb. sth. 7. The room is in a mess, with pizza boxes on the floor and . (lines 18-19) in a mess 混乱；杂乱；肮脏e.g. Your room is in a mess. Please tidy it. 你的房间杂乱不堪，请把它打扫干净。 You

11、r books and magazines are almost in a mess; go and put them in order. 你的书和杂志简直是乱七八糟，去把 它们整理一下。 结构：with +O.(宾语)+ O.C. (宾语补足语) with+ O.+ prep. e.g. The teacher came into the classroom with a book in his hand. We human beings could not survive without all the plants and animals around us. with+ O.+ adv

12、. e.g. The family went out for a walk with the lights on. with +O + adj. e.g. It is bad manners to talk with your mouth full. He often sleeps with the door open. with +O. + v-ing With so many people communicating in English every day, it will become more and more important to have a good knowledge o

13、f English. 有这么多的人每天用英语交流，精通英语将变得越来越重要。In parts of Asia, you must not sit with your feet pointing at another person. 在亚洲某些地方，你不可以坐着把脚翘起指着别人。 with +O + p.p. e.g. All the afternoon, he worked with the door locked. 整个下午，他都锁着门工作。 with +O + noun. e.g. Lu Xun fought against the enemy with a pen his only we

14、apon. 鲁迅用他唯一的武器笔同敌人作斗争。 with +O + to doe.g. With two exams to worry about, I have to work really hard this weekend. 由于有两门考试担心通不过，这个周 末我得真的用功了。 With too much work to do, the mother has no time to take care of her son. 由于有很多工作要做，这个母亲没有 时间照顾孩子。 8. We left you in charge! (lines 22-23)leave 使处于某种状态，听任常用结

15、构：leave + O + OC. 其中宾补可以为adj. /prep, / v-ing / n. /p.p.e.g. Leave the door open, please. Dont leave him waiting outside in the rain. Just leave me alone!charge 在句中为名词，“ 掌管，照管”常用结构有: in charge of . 负责 in the charge of 由某人负责 in ones charge 由某人负责 take charge of 负责 e.g. -Who is in charge of the factory?

16、 -Mr. Li will take charge of the project.= The project is in his charge. The Department stores are in the charge of Mr. Li. charge 作动词，可表示“索价，要价”e.g. The barber charges ten dollars for a haircut. 理一次发要价十美元。还可表示“责令；公开指责；控诉”， 常与with连用e.g. He was charged with stealing a car. 他被指控偷了一辆汽车。9. We thought yo

17、u could act like an adult, but look at the mess! (lines 23-24)adult C/n. 成年人 an adult e.g. The adults teach them these skills. 大人们教他们这些技术。 adj. 成年的，成熟的 e.g. We should do our best to develop the adult education. 我们应当努力发展成人教育。10. We wont tolerate such behavior in our house! (lines 27-28) tolerate v. 容

18、许，容忍 e.g. This sort of behavior will not be tolerated.I dont know how you tolerate that noise!There is a limit to what one person can tolerate. 人的容忍是有限度的。11. Im still a teenager! (line 29) teenager n. 青少年e.g. He is managing a club for teenagers. 他在经营一家青少年俱乐部。拓展：teenage adj. 青少年的 e.g. He gave a talk

19、on the theme of teenage unemployment. 他就青少年失业的主题作了一次报告。12. Why is everything always my fault? (lines 29-30) fault n. 过错，过失 e.g. I dont know whose fault it is. 我不知道这是谁的过失。find fault with sb. / sth. 挑毛病, 吹毛求疵e.g. Will you stop finding fault with me? I can not bear it anymore. fault 作名词还能表示“缺点, 故障”e.g.

20、 There is a fault in this machine. 这台机器出了故障。His greatest fault is that he talks too much.他最大的缺点是说得太多。13. Mom and Dad look at each other as lights go out. (lines 31-32) go out 熄灭e.g. The fire had gone out when the fire- fighters arrived. 过时; 变得不流行，不时髦e.g. Short skirt went out a few years ago, but the

21、yve come back again.词组拓展：go across 走过，经过 go against 违背，不利于go back 回到，回忆起 go by 过去，逝去go down 平静，下降go out / put out用法区别：go out作不及物动词，表示自行”熄灭”，后面不能接宾语。put out作及物动词，表示”熄灭，扑灭火”。The firefighters put out the fire within half an hour.消防员在半小时内扑灭了火。Its terribly smoky in here Im just going out for a breath of

22、fresh air.这里乌烟瘴气我只是出去呼吸一下新鲜空气。14. Act two, Scene one (line 34) scene n. 有以下几种含义： (戏剧)场景，布景 e.g. This play is divided into three acts, and each act has three scenes. 这个剧分为三幕，每一幕有三个场景。 景色，风景 e.g. The scene is a perfect dream when you see the sun rising slowly in the east. 现场，出事地点 e.g. The murder suspe

23、ct couldnt explain away his fingerprints at the scene.区分：scenery 自然景物，天然风光，舞台布景e.g. The grassland scenery of Tibet is unrivalled.西藏的草原风景是无与伦比的。The scenery for the play must have cost too much.那出戏的舞台布景一定很费钱。sight 既可以指眼前看到的景观，又可以指名胜、风景。在表达后者的含义是必须用复数。view 常指从远处或高处看到的景色，有时可与scene互换。(1)The first time I

24、toured the Great Wall, I was deeply impressed with the beautiful _. A. view B. sign C. scene D. scenery(2)The _ of the story is Russia during World War . A. view B. sign C. scene D. scenery15. They never even gave me a chance to defend myself. (line 37) defend v. 辩解，辩护 常用结构：defend sb/ oneself/ sth(

25、from/against sb/sth)e.g. How can you defend such behavior?She defended herself successfully in court.她在法庭上成功地为自己进行了辩护。16. Then they wont be mad any more. (line 40)not any more= no more 不再notanymore,其中not用在系动词、助动词、情态动词之后, anymore位于句末。 e.g. Now she wasnt afraid any more. Time or opportunity lost will

26、return no more. 机不可失，时不再来。辨析：no longer = not any longer 也可表示“不再”，用法与no more, notany more类似，但侧重点有所区别。no more着重表示数量或程度的减少，动作发的次数、频率不再延续。常用于将来时，过去时，常跟瞬间性动词连用，一般置于行为动词后。no longer 一般用来修饰表示状态的延续性动词, 着重表示动作、状态或时间的不再延续，意为“如今不再”。当修饰动词时, no longer通常置于be或行为动词前,指与过去比不再，常用现在时。e.g. I dont like here any longer.She

27、 could not keep up with him any longer.17. Anyhow, they didnt trust me. (line 41) anyhow adv. 反正，不管怎样e.g. He told me not to buy it, but I bought it anyhow. 他告诉我不要买它, 但不管怎样, 我还 是买了。18. They dont deserve an explanation. (line 42) deserve v. 值得，应得，应受e.g. He deserves a reward for his efforts. 他积极努力，值得奖赏

28、。 What have I done to deserve this? 我做了什么事让我应该得到这呢？ They didnt deserve to win.Do you think these proposals deserve _?To be considered considering consideration all the above19. Do you think we were too hard on Daniel? (line 51) be hard on 对苛刻/严厉 =be strict with sb. / in sth. e.g. She was very hard o

29、n me. Professor Li is hard on his students, he is strict in his research work as well. 20. Perhaps there is a reason why the house is a mess (lines 51-52)the reason why 的原因/理由e.g. I want to know the reason why he failed the exams.我想知道他没考好的原因。The reason why he was late for work was that he had to sen

30、d his son to school.他上班迟到的原因是他要送孩子上学。区分：the reason why/ the reason forthe reason why后接定语从句，而the reason for 后接一个名词性的结构。e.g. That was the reason for his being late for school. 这就是他上学迟到的原因。相当于：That was the reason why he was late for school.Please tell me the reason for your absence. 请说明你缺席的原因。The reaso

31、n for his coming late was that he got up late. 他迟到的原因是他起床迟了。The reason that he explained to us was not reasonable.他解释给我们的原因不合理。拓展：for no reason 没有理由，无缘无故e.g. Yue Fei was killed for no good reason. 岳飞以莫须有的罪名被处死。for some reason 由于某种原因e.g. The airport was built years ago, but for some reason it could n

32、ot be used then. 21. Maybe, but now that he has been so rude to us, I feel like we have to punish him or he wont respect us. (lines 54-55) now that 既然 e.g. Now that you have known the matter, I think it unnecessary to discuss it again. 既然你知道这件事，就没必要再讨论了。难句分析1) Eric runs in after it, following by a b

33、ig dog又如： There is a loud noise following a sudden burst of light. The soldier found him followed by a spy.v-ing 表示主动关系v-ed表示被动关系对比：The doctor came into the room, followed by several nurses.Several nurses came into the room, following the doctor.2) Mom and Dad arrive back from vacation a day earlier

34、 than expected. than expected 比预期的，比预料的。 是一种省略结构。e.g. You did better in the exam than (you had been) expected. The project was finished later than expected.拓展：Do you expect it will rain?Yes, I expect so. /No, I expect not.expect 期待，预料，指望常用结构：expect + n./pron./to do sth/that The expected to finish th

35、e work by Friday. 也常用于复合结构 expect sb. to do sth. / there to bee.g. We cant expect one to change the habit of lifetime in a short time. They expected there to be some chances. 3. The money with which you were to buy dog food is gone此处were to 表示一种义务、责任。表示“必须、应该”。意思接近于should, must, ought to, have to。如：

36、You were to finish the project before Sunday but you didnt.No one is to leave the building. 谁也不得离开这楼房。 You are not to smoke in this room. =You are not supposed to smoke in this room. You are to be back by 10 oclock. 此外， be to +动词不定式 还可以表示 “计划”、“安排”、“可能”、“命运”等。e.g. He is to have a holiday. The commit

37、tee is to meet today. 表示将来表示计划、安排Not a single sound was to be heard. They said goodbye, little knowing they were never to meet again.表示命中注定的事表示可能性4. Daniel and Erics bedroom, .who has his arms crossed and looks angry.此处是 have something done的结构，表使处于状态。=get something done。 有某种遭遇或经历The lady had her wal

38、let stolen/picked at the cinema last night.请/让做某事She had her long hair cut short yesterday.完成I must have my work finished by Sunday.拓展：“让某人做某事”有几种表达方法： have sb do sth make sb to sth let sb do sth get sb to go sth e.g. Ill get your father to help you. PracticeComplete the following sentencesNo one go

39、es to the school during the v_.2. Youre in a nice m_ now because youve been caught stealing.3. The hotel c_ me $50 for a room for the night the other day.acationessharged4. I dont mean to praise myself because I have my f_.5. His feet left dirty m_ all over the floor.6. I was very u_ to see how hurt she was.7. The first s_ in the second act contains a very long speech.aultsarkspsetcene8. How many points did he s_ in that basketball game?9. The books tit