名词用法第一六版

1、名词的用法一般名词复数是在名词后面加上s”，如mapmaps,bagbags等；以s,sh,ch,x等结尾的词加es”，如busbuses,watchwatches等；3以辅音字母+y结尾的词，变y为i加es,如babybabies等；以元音字母y结尾的名词变复数时,直接加s变复数,如monkeymonkeys,holidayholidays,storeystoreys（楼层）；以o结尾的名词变复数时：a）力口s的名词有：photophotos,pianopianos,radioradios,zoozoosb）加es的名词有：potatopotatoestomatotomatoesnegron

2、egroesheroheroes以f或fe结尾的名词变复数时：a）加s的名词有：beliefbeliefsroofroofssafesafesgulfgulfsb）去掉f,fe加ves的名词有：halfhalvesknifeknivesleafleaveswolfwolveswifewiveslifelivesthiefthieves名词复数变化规则名词变复数分为：名词复数的规则变化1）一般情况加-s清辅音后读/s/map-maps浊辅音和元音后读/z/bag-bags/car-cars2）以s,sh,ch,x等结尾加-es读/iz/bus-buses/watch-watches3）以ce,s

3、e,ze,等结尾力口-s读/iz/license-licenses4）以辅音字母+y结尾变y为i再加es读/z/baby-babies其它名词复数的规则变化1）以y结尾的专有名词，或元音字母+y结尾的名词变复数时，直接加s变复数。例如：twoMarystheHenrysmonkey-monkeysholiday-holidays2）以o结尾的名词，变复数时：力口s,（一般无生命的或外来词）如：photo-photospiano-pianosradio-radioszoo-zoos；加es,（一般是有生命的）如：potato-potatoestomato-tomatoes上述a和b两种方法均可，

4、如zero-zeros/zeroes3）以f或fe结尾的名词变复数时：力口s,如：belief-beliefsroof-roofssafe-safesgulf-gulfs；去f,fe力口ves，如：half-halvesknife-knivesleaf-leaveswolf-wolveswife-wiveslife-livesthief-thieves；上述a和b两种方法均可，如handkerchief:handkerchiefs/handkerchieves。scarf-scarfs/scarves名词复数的不规则变化1）child-childrenfoot-feettooth-teethg

5、oose-geesemouse-miceman-menwoman-women注意：由一个词加man或woman构成的合成词，其复数形式也是-men和-women，如anEnglishman，twoEnglishmen。但German不是合成词，故复数形式为Germans；Bowman是姓，其复数是theBowmans。2）单复同形，如deer，sheep，fish，Chinese，Japanese，li，jin，yuan，twoli，threemu，fourjin等。但除人民币的元、角、分外，美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式。如：adollar,twodollars;ameter,twomete

6、rs。3）集体名词，以单数形式出现，但实为复数。例如：peoplepolicecattle等本身就是复数，不能说apeople,apolice,acattle，但可以说aperson,apoliceman,aheadofcattle,theEnglish，theBritish，theFrench，theChinese，theJapanese,theSwiss等名词,表示国民总称时,作复数用,如TheChineseareindustriesandbrave.中国人民是勤劳勇敢的。4）以s结尾,仍为单数的名词,如：maths,politics,physics等学科名词,一般是不可数名词,为单数。n

7、ews为不可数名词。theUnitedStates,theUnitedNations应视为单数。TheUnitedNationswasorganizedin1945.联合国是1945年组建起来的。以复数形式出现的书名,剧名,报纸,杂志名,也可视为单数。例如：TheArabianNightsisaveryinterestingstory-book.一千零一夜是一本非常有趣的故事书。5）表示由两部分构成的东西,如：glasses（眼镜）trousers,clothes等，若表达具体数目，要借助数量词pair（对，双）；suit（套）；apairofglasses;twopairsoftrouser

8、s等。6）另外还有一些名词，其复数形式有时可表示特别意思，如：goods货物，waters水域，fishes（各种）鱼。中国人theChineseaChinesetwoChinese瑞士人theSwissaSwisstwoSwiss澳大利亚人theAustraliansanAustraliantwoAustralians俄国人theRussiansaRussiantwoRussians意大利人theItaliansanItaliantwoItalians希腊人theGreekaGreektwoGreeks法国人theFrenchaFrenchmantwoFrenchmen日本人theJapan

9、eseaJapanesetwoJapanese美国人theAmericansanAmericantwoAmericans印度人theIndiansanIndiantwoIndians加拿大人theCanadiansaCanadiantwoCanadians德国人theGermansaGermanstwoGermans英国人theEnglishanEnglishmantwoEnglishmen瑞典人theSwedishaSwedetwoSwedes名词的格一、将下列名词变成复数形式。1.plane_tree_lessonmonth_apple_shirt2.box_busbrushwatchcl

10、ass_fox3.knife_lifeleafWifethief4.dayboymonkeybabycountry_story5.photo_radio_pianotomato_hero6.child_tooth_manSheep_English_Chinese总称（谓语用复数）单数复数二、判断正误，并改正错句，正确的打“丿”四.不同国籍人的单复数国籍1Thehouseismybrother.Hehasvisitedmanycountry.TheyareEnglishs.ThisisTomredbike.三、选择填空1Therearetwointheroom.A.ChinesesB.Engli

11、shmanTheoldmanwillhaveout.A.twotoothsB.twoteetharesoldinthisbookstore.A.ChildrensbooksB.ChildrenbooksSomefriendsofwillcomehere.A.JohnsB.JohnCanyougiveme?A.somepapersB.apieceofpaperThereareonthefloor.A.someboxB.someboxes四、将下列句子变成复数形式。1Thissheepiswhite.Thereisadeskandachairintheroom.Thatmanisadoctor.五

12、、写出下列名词的复数形式computer2.apple3.cityhouse5.sheep6.watchtomato8.child9.tooth10.foot11.wife12.potato13.play14.day15.glass16.radio17.zoo18.life19.story20.leaf21.baby22.dress23.butterfly24.deer25.class26.brush27.key28.English29.mouse30.man六、汉译英1Tom的足球2.老师们的自行车3学生们的课桌4.哥哥的文具盒5姑姑的卡片6.猴子们的香蕉7蚂蚁们的早餐8.妈妈的包9姐姐的连

13、衣裙10女孩们的苹果七、把下列句子翻译成英文1.这些是Peter的篮球吗？2这个是老师的钢笔吗？3.有一些书在Sam的课桌上。4有一些孩子们在教室里。八、改错（圈出错处，在横线上改正过来）Therearesomebutterflysonthetable.ThisisAlicedress.3.Iliketomatoverymuch.九、将下列句子变成复数形式。1Thisdogisbrown.Thereisabookandapenonthetable.Thatwomanisateacher.名词所有格变化规则在英语中有些名词可以加s来表示所有关系，带这种词尾的名词形式称为该名词的所有格，如：ate

14、achersbook。名词所有格的规则如下：1）单数名词词尾加s，复数名词词尾没有s,也要加s,如theboysbag男孩的书包，mensroom男厕所。2）若名词已有复数词尾-s，只加，口：theworkersstruggle工人的斗争。3）凡不能加s的名词，都可以用名词+of+名词的结构来表示所有关系，口：thetitleofthesong歌的名字。4）在表示店铺或教堂的名字或某人的家时，名词所有格的后面常常不出现它所修饰的名词，如：thebarbers理发店。5）如果两个名词并列，并且分别有s，则表示分别有；只有一个s，则表示共有。女:JohnsandMarysroom（两间）Johna

15、ndMarysroom（间）6）复合名词或短语，s加在最后一个词的词尾。如I：amonthortwosabsenee1、Theopen.A.windowsoftheroomisB.roomswindowsareC.windowsoftheroomareD.roomswindowsisTOC o 1-5 h z2、Womenselothesareusuallymoreexpensivethan.A.mensB.mansC.mansD.mens3、Mr.familyislarge.A.SmithB.SmithsC.SmithsD.Smith4、Ieaughtyour.A.brotherstheeo

16、ldB.brothertheeoldC.brotherseoldD.brothereold5、IwillgotothefamilyonSunday.A.WangsB.WangssC.WangD.Wangs6、Mr.Robinsonis.A.myfathersfriendB.amyfathersfriendC.afriendofmyfatherD.myfathersafriend7、Mr.Linistheseteaeher.A.studentsB.studentssC.studentsD.students8、Teaehersandstudentsshouldknownames.A.eaehoth

17、ersB.eaehothersC.XD.eaehother9、Theteaehergavemetofinishmyhomework.A.twohourstimeB.twohourstimeC.twohourtimeD.twohourstime10、Myearisinfrontofhouse.A.LinsB.theLinsC.theLinsD.theLin11、Iwouldliketohave_.A.twoglassesofmilkB.twoglassofmilkC.twoglassesofmilksD.twoglassofmilks12、Canyougiveme?A.ateaB.somecup

18、ofteaC.acupteaD.acupoftea13、Pleasegiveme_paper.A.oneB.apieceC.aD.apieceof14、Johnbought_forhimselfyesterday.A.twopairsofshoesB.twopairofshoeC.twopairofshoesD.twopairsshoes15、Themanoverthereis.A.JohnandMaryfatherB.JohnsandMarysfatherC.JohnsandMaryfatherD.JohnandMarysfather英汉互译：mymothershat.thewallsofo

19、urclassroom.thedriverscars.thetreesofthepark.将下列句子填写完整：Weare（这个班级的学生）。Whereare（那个教室的椅子）？Tomhas（一张公园的图片）。（这个病房的护士）isintheoffice（李军弟兄俩的）fatherwantstogototheschooltogerher.Thatmanis（我叔叔的一个朋友）weneedtenpeopletofinish（两天的工作）Whoknows（那条狗的名字）Thesearethe（学生的书）三、写出下列名词和词组的所有格。asisters2.aboy3.today4.ababyacame

20、l6.men7.birds8.twodays9.JohnandMary（两人共有的）10.JohnandMary（两人各自所有的）四、根据句意和单词的首字母，写出单词1.TcomesbeforeWednesday,butafterMonday.WhenIgothome,motherwasbusycookinginthek.DuringtheSpringFestival,fgettogether,greetingeachotherwithHappyNewYear.WhenIcamein,thestudentswerehavingagroupdonwhethertokeepapetathome.P

21、resstheredbwhenindanger,sothatthealarmwillwork.Pleaseclosethew.Itscoldoutside.IfyouwanttostudyEnglishwell,youmustpayatoyourpronunciation.JoewillgotoJapanwithhispduringtheholidays.五、用所给单词的适当形式填空。In(today)worldmanypeopleseemtobehungryformoney.Someofthemevenlosrtheir(life)forit.Moneydoeshaveitsmostusef

22、ul(affect)onthepoor,butonceapersonhasarichlife,alotmoremoneydoesntmeanmore(happy)Ifmoneywaseverything,all(million)wouldhavetruelove,true(friend),goodhealthandalonglife.However,thisisnotalwaystrue.Nothingelseismorepleasantthanthethree(word)whichare“Iloveyou”.Butcanlovebebought?Imafraidnot.Lovemeansto

23、give,nottotake.Toeveryperson,healthandlonglifeareprobalythemostprecious(thing).Well,canhealthandalonglifebebought?Theansweris“No”.Ofallthelongestlivingpeopleintheworld,fewofthemaremillionaires.Truefriendshipcantbeboughteither.Inaword,wheremoneyiswoeshipped(崇拜)，moneycancause(brother)toquarrel(吵架),loverstohate,(strange)tofightandsoon.Nomatterhowmuchmoneyyouhave,itisstillnotenoughtomakeyouahappypersonifyouhavenoonetolaughwith,noonetocryfor.()1.Canyouimaginewhatlifewillbe