个性化教案-----句子成分(共6页)

1、 惠州市学大信息技术有限公司 Huizhou XueDa Century Education Technology Ltd.第 PAGE 5 页 共 NUMPAGES 6 页个 性 化 教 学 设 计 教 案授课时间：2014 年 1月23日（16：45-18：15）备课时间：2014年 1月 19 日年级：高三 学科：英语 课时：2学生姓名：课题名称 句子成分+there be句型+ 阅读 授课教师教学目标掌握句子的一般结构及最常用的句型教学重点难点成份分析与判断；there be句型的理解设计意图 为正确的句子表达及阅读打好基础；提高阅读能力教学过程 I 重点语法项目讲解句子成分一，基本概

2、念：句子是按照一定的语法规律组成的，表达一个完整的意义。一个句子一般由两部分构成，即主语部分和谓语部分，这两部分也叫做句子的主要成分。句子的次要成分包括宾语，定语，状语，表语等。句子成分是句子中起一定功用的组成部分。1）主语：是一句的主体，是全句述说的对象，常用名词，数词或代词担任，一般放于句首。如：Students study. (学生学习) We are friends.(我们是朋友)A bird is flying in the sky. Tom gave me a book.这两句话中单词students是个名词，we是代词，它们在句中做主语。主语是句子所要说的人或事物,回答是“谁”或

3、者“什么”。通常用名词或代词担任。如：Im Miss Green.(我是格林小姐)2）谓语：是对主语加以陈述，表示主语的行为或状态，常用动词或者动词词组担任，放在主语的后面。如：Students study. (学生学习) We are friends. (我们是朋友)这两句话中单词study和are都是动词，study叫做实意动词，are叫做be动词，它们在句中作谓语。谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答“做(什么)”。主要由动词担任。如：Jack cleans the room every day. (杰克每天打扫房间) Jack was cleaning the room when his

4、 sister came in.3）宾语：表示行为的对象，常由名词或者代词担任。放在及物动词或者介词之后。如：They are teachers. ( 他们是老师。)I play with him. (我和他一起玩。)这两句话中单词teachers是名词，单词him是带词，它们在句中作宾语。宾语表示及物动词的对象或结果,回答做的是“什么”。通常由名词或代词担任。如：He can spell the word.(他能拼这个词)4）定语：是用来说明或者限制名词的成分，常用形容词或者相当于形容词的短语或从句担任。形容词放在名词之前，相当于形容词的短语或从句放在名词的后面。如：This is a re

5、d sun.(这是个红太阳.) He is a tall boy.（他是个高个子男孩。）这两句话中单词red和 tall都是形容词，它们作定语。定语修饰名词或代词,通常由形容词、代词、数词等担任。如：Shanghai is a big city .(上海是个大城市)5）状语；是用来说明动词，形容词，副词或整个句子的成分。常由副词担任。修饰动词时可以放在动词之前，也可以放在动词之后；修饰形容词或副词时放在它们之前。如：The students study hard. (这些学生学习努力。) I often write to him. (我常给他写信。)The bag is too heavy.

6、(这个书包太重了。)这三句话中单词hard 和often修饰的都是动词，第三句话中单词too修饰的是形容词，它们都作状语。 状语用来修饰动词、形容词、副词,通常由副词担任。如：He works hard .(他工作努力)6）表语：用来说明主语的性质或状态。一般由名词或者形容词担任。如：This table is short (这个桌子是长的。) This question is very difficult. Tom is a student.7）宾语补足语；用来说明宾语怎么样或干什么,通常由形容词或动词充当。如：They usually keep their classroom clean.

7、(他们通常让教室保持清洁) / He often helps me do my lessons.(他常常帮我做功课) / The teacher wanted me to learn French all by myself.(老师要我自学法语)8）同位语：通常紧跟在名词、代词后面,进一步说明它的情况。如：Where is your classmate Tom ?(你的同学汤姆在哪里？)My classmate Tom is out of classroom. 通常情况下,主语和宾语前的成分是定语，谓语前的成分是状语，时间词作状语放在句子后面。句子的成分分布如下：（定语） 主语 （状语） 谓语

8、 （定语） 宾语 （状语）如：(The tall) boy (often) go (to the big) zoo.(The happy) child went (his) home yesterday. II 同步语语法练习请分析下面句子的结构说出各个词所充当的成分1）I have two elder sisters. 2) They dont swim very well.3) Do you go to school every day? 4) I really want a cup of tea. 5) Miss Smith teaches English very well.6, Ou

9、r PE teacher taught us how to play football last Friday.7. Tom got a pen from the classroom and then put it on the teaching desk.8. The computer is black, and it is very useful.9. That black computer is Toms, but Tom often use it to play games.10. I think I can finish this work in 3 hours. 重点语法项目讲解T

10、here be句型一 定义与结构：There be句型表示某处存在某物或某人，一般译成“有” (1) There is +单数可数名词/不可数名词+ 地点状语. (2) There are +复数名词+地点状语.注意事项： there是引导词，在句中不充当任何成分，翻译时也不必译出。句子的主语是某人或某物，谓语动词be要与主语（某人或某物）的数保持一致。当主语是两个或两个以上的名词时，谓语动词要与跟它最近的那个名词一致。如： There are two bird in the tree. There are many students and a teacher in our classroo

11、m. There are two boys and a girl under the tree.There are 5 oranges and one apple.There is an apple and 5 oranges in the basket.There isnt an apple There is no apple三 there be 句型变化1：变成否定There be句型的否定式的构成和含有be动词的其它句型一样，在be后加上not或no即可。例如： There is a bike behind the tree. There isnt a bike behind the t

12、ree. =There is no bike behind the tree.2：变成一般疑问句There be句型的一般疑问句变化是把be动词调整到句首，再在句尾加上问号即可。但同时要注意：当肯定句中有some时，要将其改为any（否定变化也一样）。There is some water on Mars. Is there any water on Mars? There are some fish in the water. Are there any fish in the water? Lucy is a school girl.Is lucy a school girl?Tom li

13、kes reading newspaper.Does Tom like reading newspaper?They drive to park this morning.Do they drive to park this morning?3： there be 句型的时态be可以有现在时（there is/are）、过去时(there was/were)、将来时(there is/are going to be或there will be)和完成时(there have/has been)；还可用there must be ,there cant be, there used to be等

14、。 如：There were 5 boys in the classroom yesterday.There was one book on my desk yesterday.There were two footballs in the basket this morning.There will be 2 hospital in this place next month There _ a concert this evening. BYeah. Exciting news! A. are going to be B. is going to be C. is going to hav

15、e D. will have4：there be 句型的主谓一致There be 结构中的be动词要和后面所跟名词保持一致,遵循就近原则。如：1. There _ any rice in the bowl.C A. are B. is C. isnt D. arent 2. There _ many apples on the tree last year. B A. have been B. were C. are D. is 5：there be 句型用的其他动词：there be 句型中有时不用动词be ，而用come , live ,stand , lie, seem to be ,

16、happen to be ,等。如：There lives an old man.There comes a bus.There stands a temple on the mountain.There is a templeThere seems to be a knife and a fork on the table. 6难点：there be 句型与have句型的区别(1) There be 句型和have都表示“有”的含义。但There be表示“存在”的关系；而have表示“拥有”的关系。如：He has two sons. 他有两个儿子。There are two men in

17、 the office. 办公室里有两个男人。(2)当have表示“包括”、“存在”的含义时，There be 句型与其可互换。如： A week has seven days. =There are seven days in a week. 一个星期有七天。V语法同步演练I. 将下列句子变成否定句和一般疑问句。1.There is some water in the bottle. Is there any water in the bottle?2.There are many apples in the box. Are there many apples in the box?3.T

18、here are seven days in a week. Are there seven4.There are lots of books in our library. Are there lots of books in our library?5.There is a knife over there. Is there a knife over there?6.There is a little milk in the glass. Is there a little milk in the glass?II翻译以下句子1. 这个房子前面有一辆小汽车。2. 你们班有多少学生？3.

19、我总共有5本书。4，我们学校有70个班级。5，如果再有一次机会，我一定会好好把握的。 III 阅读训练National Middle School Games will be held in ChangshaSports are good for our health. Sports can make our bodies strong. To make more students know their importance, a sports meeting for middle school students is held in China. This year is its 10th

20、birthday. It will be held from August 16th to 21th in Changsha, the capital city of Hunan Province. It is the National Middle School Games.The games have eight events. They are track and field (Tianjin), swimming, basketball, volleyball, table tennis, Wushu, aerobics (gysnastics) and soccer.The Nati

21、onal Middle School Games are held every three years. Nine Games have been held successfully until now and many middle school students have taken part in the games.It is reported that 205 teams with nearly 5000 athletes will take part in the games in 2009.all the athletes will take part in the games

22、in 2009. All the athletes are from different parts of the country including HongKong and Macau. They are training hard and will come to Changsha for the games. We hope they will love the beautiful city and that their dreams will come true.Please judge the following statements correct or wrong?The 10

23、th National Middle School Games will be held in Changsha. correctThe Games will start on August 16th,2009 correctThe Games are held every four years. wrongAbout 5000 students will take part in the Games. correctNow all the athletes are training hard in Changsha. wrong* VI 课后练习（三部分）*01-Jerry Baldwin,

24、 30years old, owned a pizza restaurant. He lived in a flat about one mile north of the restaurant. He walked to and from work, when it was raining, he took the bus.Jerry loved gangster movies. When a new one came out, he would go to the theater and watch the new movie three or four times. Then, when

25、 it went to video, Jerry would buy the gangster videos. Old ones, new ones; color, black and white; English, Spanish, Japanesehe loved them all, he could tell you the name of the movie, the director, the stars, and the story.Jerry finally decided that he would own a gun, just like the gangsters. So

26、he saved his money for a couple of years. Then he went to the gun club to practice shooting. He was in the club for only 10 minutes when he accidentally dropped his gun. The gun went off, and the bullet went into jerrys right knee.Jerry now walks with a walking stick, just like some gangsters.What w

27、as Jerry Baldwin?_ A The boss of a restaurant B. The manager of a cinemaC. The owner of a video shop D. The head of a shooting club.Jerry Baldwin had a large collection of EXCEPT_ ones. C A. Spanish B. Japanese C. Russian D. EnglishHow did Jerry Baldwin get a gun？_ A He bought it for himself B. He b

28、orrowed it from the club.C. He made it on his own. D. He got it from the gangster.Jerry Baldwin dropped his gun mainly because of his _ C A. illness B. anger C. carelessness D. eyesightFrom the passage, we learn that Jerry_ in the end. D lost his interest in movies B. turned out to be a real gangste

29、rC. had his own shooting club D. couldnt walk in normal way三完形填空训练Stuart and Steve were twin brothers. Stuart loved to play basketball. But Steve loved to read books.One day Stuart was playing basketball 1 he fell and broke his leg. When they took him to the hospital, the doctor said he wouldnt be a

30、ble to play for six months. Steve went 2 him and brought him books on basketball. At first Stuart wasnt going to read them. Then he began to read them and 3 that there were ways he could play basketball better. He began to think that books werent that 4 .When Stuarts leg started getting better, Steve would help him by going for walks with him. 5 Stuarts doctor said he could start playing basketball again. Then Stuart showed Steve how to toss (投)