2022年三门峡社会管理职业学院自考英语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）

1、 2022年三门峡社会管理职业学院自考英语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）第1题【单选题】【完成句子】Lightning is generated when electrical charges separate in rain clouds, though processes are still not fully understood. Typically, positive charges（正电荷） build at the cloud top, while the bottom becomes negatively charged（负电荷的）. In most instances of

2、cloud-to-ground lightning, the negatively charged lower portion of the cloud repels negatively charged particles on the grounds surfaces, making it become positively charged. The positive charge on the ground gathers at elevated points.In most cases of cloud-to-ground lightning, the grounds surface_

3、. A、is positively charged B、is shifted sideways by strong winds C、is negative charged D、is changed from positively charge to negative charge【正确答案】A【答案解析】本段文字解释了云层与地面之间的闪电的成因，云层下部带负电荷，排斥地面表层的负电荷，所以地面表层聚集的是正电荷。答案为A。第2题【单选题】【阅读选择】Many researchers，whose work depends on ocean sounds object to a limit of

4、one-hundred-twenty decibels（分贝）. They say such a limit is a greater danger than they believed. They want to prevent noises from harming creatures in the ocean.According to the passage, what will scientists most probably do in the future? A、They will work hard to reduce ocean noise pollution. B、They

5、will protect animals from harmful noises. C、They will try to set a limit of 120 decibels. D、They will study the effect of ocean noise pollution.【正确答案】B【答案解析】They will protect animals from harmful noises. 本段的最后一句话是答案的出处。第3题【单选题】【2009.01】I was writing a report last night;_I would not have stayed up la

6、te. A、however B、otherwise C、therefore D、furthermore【正确答案】B【答案解析】本题考查副词词义辨析。句意：我昨天晚上写一个报告，否则我就不会熬夜了。A 然而，不过；B 否则，要不然；C 因此，所以；D 再者，而且。 第4题【单选题】【2009.04】This is the first time that a woman has been_ to the post. A、granted B、praised C、pointed D、appointed【正确答案】D【答案解析】译文：这是第一次任命一位妇女担任此职位。试题分析：本题考查词义辨析。详细解

7、答：A 允许、同意；B 表扬、赞扬；C 指、指出；D 指定、任命、委任。第5题【单选题】【2008.10】Country life is better than city life _ it offers fresh air and noiseless environment. A、in that B、as that C、as for D、in which【正确答案】A【答案解析】本题考查复合句。句意为：乡村生活好过城市生活，因为它空气新鲜且环境无噪音。in that 是复合连接词，只在一定的句式中使用。也可以用作一个固定词组。A 在于，原因是，在方面；C. 关于，至于，举例：I like t

8、he country better in that it is closer to nature. 我更喜欢乡村，因为它更接近自然。第6题【单选题】【阅读选择】You consider that you cant find your place in your own country, so you risk the comfortable but modest life with your parents and you go abroad. Maybe there will be moments when you cant stand the loneliness anymore, the

9、 strangers around you, or your job. But you remember nobody made you take that decision, so you take a deep breath, and you go on, as you are the only one to be blamed.When you are lonely in a foreign country, you should _. A、change your decision B、blame your parents for it C、stick to your decision

10、and go on D、make more friends【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。根据文章本段中But you remember nobody made you take that decision, so you take a deep breath, and you go on可知答案。作者认为你出国后可能会面临各种困难，面对周围的陌生人、工作，你可能会感到孤独，但是仔细想想这个决定是你自己做的，于是你不得不深呼吸，然后继续。第7题【单选题】【2009.10】Poor speaker of English though he was at the time, he still

11、managed to make himself _. A、understand B、understood C、understanding D、to understand【正确答案】B【答案解析】本题考查语法。那个时候虽然他说英语说得不好，但仍然可以让别人听懂。非谓语动词的选用。过去分词作宾语补足语表示被动以及动作的完成。第8题【单选题】【阅读判断】One problem with this design is that the mouse gets dirty as the ball rolls over the surface and picks up dirt. Eventually yo

12、u have to clean your mouse.Q: When an ordinary computer mouse gets dirty, it has to be replaced with a new one. A、True B、False C、Not Given【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。题中说鼠标脏了，就得换用新的。这一说法与原文不符。原文说的是鼠标脏了，可以擦干净再用。it has to be replaced with a new one 与 you have to clean your mouse 不符。所以选B。第9题【单选题】The furniture in

13、her bedroom is quite different from _ in the living room. A、that B、it C、one D、which【正确答案】A【答案解析】题目意思：在她卧室里的家具与起居室的(家具)大不相同。本题是代词选择题。选择指示代词that 代替家具，避免重复。家具是不可数名词。 第10题【单选题】Each of us should _ aside a few minutes to have a rest every day. A、push B、provide C、turn D、set【正确答案】D【答案解析】本题考查词义辨析。set aside：留

14、出，拨出。是固定搭配。第11题【单选题】【2007.04】Having decided to rent a flat, we _ contacting housing agencies in the city. A、set about B、set down C、set out D、set up【正确答案】A【答案解析】本题考查关于set的短语。contacting housing agencies：联系房屋中介。根据句意，应该选set about。set about：开始做某事。set down：放下，搁下；记下，记载，写下。set out：出发，开始，后面跟to do sth。set up：

15、建立（事业）；成立（组织）；为某人提供必需品或有用的东西。 第12题【单选题】【2009.04】If payment is not received, legal action will be our only_. A、aggression B、advantage C、alternative D、ambition【正确答案】C【答案解析】本题考查词义选择。译文：如果我们收不到付款，那就只好诉诸法律了。A 挑衅、侵犯；B 优势、优点；C 选择、取舍；D 野心、抱负。第13题【单选题】【阅读选择】Today, working less than a 40-hour week, people enj

16、oy more leisure time. Hence, the wise use of leisure time has become an important problem for everyone, young or old. It is a particularly difficult problem for the sick, the aged, and those who have retired from earning a living. Those people have so much leisure that it is hard for them to find in

17、teresting and worthwhile ways to use it.How to spend leisure time wisely is not a particularly difficult problem for people _. A、who are very busy everyday B、who are sick in bed C、who are aged and in good health D、who have retired from work【正确答案】A【答案解析】本题可采用排除法，第三句话（It is a particularly difficult pr

18、oblem for the sick, the aged, and those who have retired from earning a living.），可以看出这三类人对于怎样度过空闲时光是特别困难的，所以可以排除BCD项，选A。第14题【单选题】【完成句子】As the sunflowers grow, put a hay fence around them for protection and stake if necessary. Plant morning glories or sweet peas around the base of each sunflower, and

19、 they will grow up the stems, eventually forming a roof over the top. By summers end, kids will have a sunflower house to play in.When autumn comes, children can_. A、seed lots of sunflowers B、play games in the sunflower house C、include plants with animal names D、find their own playing section【正确答案】B

20、【答案解析】段落最后一句是答案的出处，By summers end“夏天结束的时候”实际上就是When autumn comes“秋天来临的时候”。答案选择B。第15题【单选题】【2009.04】When you _ know Bob better, you will like him. A、go to B、got to C、went to D、get to【正确答案】D【答案解析】译文：当你更加了解鲍勃时，你将会喜欢他的。试题分析：本题考查主将从现。详细解答：根据主将从现的原则，主句用了一般将来时，时间状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来。 第16题【单选题】【2007.04】The newspa

21、per will have to close down if it cannot increase its _ considerably. A、distribution B、contribution C、prescription D、circulation【正确答案】D【答案解析】本题考查词义辨析。circulation：（书报杂志的）销售量，发行额，销路。符合句意。 第17题【单选题】【填句补文】Rough estimates in the past have predicted similarly disappointing results. _ Says Sallie Chishol,

22、an environmental engineer from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. But the take-home message is the same. Ocean fertilization is not the answer to global warming. A、These are newer and better models, B、Its opponents argue, however, that it will stop global warming. C、Adding iron to patches of

23、 ocean can make plankton bloom temporarily. D、As plankton die and settle on the ocean floor, their carbon is supposedly locked up in the seabed.【正确答案】A【答案解析】这个问题可以根据引号来作答，因为空格后面有“says”这个词，它预示着所填入的句子应该是带引号的。A的意思是：这些是比较新的也是比较好的模型。第18题【单选题】【2009.01】Whenever I go out to dinner with him, I always_paying

24、the bill. A、end up B、arrive at C、drop out D、give off【正确答案】A【答案解析】句意：每当我与他外出吃饭，最后总是我付账。考查短语意义区分。 A 以而告终；B 达到，取得；C 不参加，隐退；D 散发。 第19题【单选题】This is an important problem _ too few social scientists have researched. A、which B、that C、into that D、into which【正确答案】D【答案解析】into which引导的是problem的定语从句。which指代probl

25、em，into与research搭配。第20题【单选题】【填句补文】“Geochemists just want an intuitive sense of whats going on with the elements,” says Albert Galy from the University of Cambridge _. A、An earth scientist has rejigged the periodic table（元素周期表）to make chemistry simpler to teach to students. B、The traditional periodic

26、 table was well drawn. C、“I imagine contour lines would be good for undergraduates.” D、But he has added contour lines to charge density, helping to explain which ions react with which.【正确答案】C【答案解析】这一段是剑桥大学的Albert Galy的原话，我们可以从引导整个关键点得出答案。即：“地学化学家们只想通过直觉判断元素的活动。我想等高线对学生们有好处”。第21题【单选题】【阅读选择】As far as

27、astronomers（天文学家） can determine, the entire universe is built of the same matter. They have no reason to doubt that matter obeys the same laws in every part of the universe. Therefore, it is reasonable to guess that other stars, with their own planets, were born in the same way as our own solar syst

28、em. What we know of life on earth suggests that life will arise wherever the proper conditions exist.Astronomers believe that matter in different parts of the universe A、obeys different laws. B、obeys one common law. C、obeys the same laws. D、obeys no common law.【正确答案】C【答案解析】答题依据在本段的第二句。科学家没有理由怀疑宇宙中的物

29、质遵循同一法则，即他们相信宇宙中不同地方的物质是遵循同一法则的。第22题【单选题】【2009.04】It is not decided _ the conference will be held. A、what B、which C、when D、that【正确答案】C【答案解析】本题考查主语从句的引导词的选择。译文：大会什么时候召开还没有决定。详细解答：A 什么；B 哪一个；C 什么时候；D （无词义）。第23题【单选题】【2009.10】So far scientists have only acquired _ understanding of the physical processes

30、 that cause earthquakes. A、a partial B、a changeable C、an original D、an individual【正确答案】A第24题【单选题】【填句补文】Posture. A good posture makes you feel better about yourself. _. This makes breathing more difficult, which in turn can make you feel nervous or uncomfortable. A、If you are feeling down, you normal

31、ly dont sit straight, with your shoulders inwards. B、Body language is a broad term for several forms of communication using body movements or gestures. C、Body language differs from culture to culture. D、If you are at interviews, try to keep them still.【正确答案】A【答案解析】本段讲的是身体姿势。填充句后一个句子提到“this”会使呼吸更加困难，

32、this显然指的是一种不太好的身体姿势，因此本题答案为A。第25题【单选题】【概括大意】Heavy metals are persistent; they do not break down to other chemicals in the environment. Industrially polluted sites usually undergo intensive clean-up and rehabilitation because heavy metals are a health concern once they enter the food chain. Some trac

33、e metals are alleged to cause cancer and are also known to cause poisoning. The main idea of this paragraph is_. A、The Nature of Heavy Metals B、Potential Hazards of Human Contaminated Soils C、Heavy Metals and Food Chain D、Research on Channels of Heavy Metals Getting into Human Food Chain【正确答案】B【答案解析

34、】本段文字讲的是：受到工业污染的土壤含有重金属，而重金属很稳定不容易降解，其中的某些微量重金属能使人致癌或中毒。可以看出其中心内容是：受污染土地的潜在危险，选择B。第26题【单选题】【阅读选择】But even if every large city purified and reused its water, we still would not have enough. Where could we turn next? To the oceans! All wed have to do to make use of the vast amount of sea-water is remo

35、ve the salt. This salt-removing process is already in use in many parts of the world.According to the passage, sea-water can be turned into fresh water by_ A、heating it up. B、treating it with chemicals. C、taking salt out of it. D、drying it up.【正确答案】C【答案解析】海水之所以不能饮用就是因为它是咸的。答题依据是本段的remove the salt即ta

36、ke salt out。第27题【单选题】【2009.04】The conclusion from the study is not definite; it is just _. A、tentative B、valid C、technical D、thorough【正确答案】A【答案解析】译文：这项研究的结论不是一定的；它只是试探性的。试题分析：形容词词义选择题。详细解答：A 不确定的、试探性的；B 正当的、有根据的、有效的；C 技术性的、专门技术的；D 彻底的、十足的。第28题【单选题】【阅读选择】The farm is set right next to a beautiful floo

37、d plain and the property is home to trees that have lived for thousands of years. All of the villages throughout Botswana（博茨瓦纳）have their own chief who controls a certain amount of land. We had the opportunity to sit in on a meeting with the chief of Katchikow, which we called it “Catch a Cow.” In t

38、he meeting we discussed starting a hydroponics farm in his area. He seemed to be all for it and said that it was gods plan that the project we were helping with had come to his area.The chief of each village _. A、is called Katchikow B、supports the idea of hydroponics farm C、has a certain amount of l

39、and D、has a meeting each week【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。细节理解题。根据所考关键词chief迅速锁定本段介绍chief的内容。每个村庄都会有一个自己的首领，而每个首领都拥有一定量的土地。第29题【单选题】【阅读选择】Northern Europeans are willing to pay a lot of money and put up with a lot of inconveniences for the sun because they have so little of it. Residents of cities like London,

40、Copenhagen, and Amsterdam spend a lot of their winter in the dark because the days are so short, and much of the rest of the year in the rain. This is the reason the Mediterranean has always attracted them. Every summer, more than 25 million people travel to Mediterranean resorts and beaches for the

41、ir vacation. They all come for the same reason: sun!In the paragraph, cities like London, Copenhagen, and Amsterdam are mentioned_. A、to show that they are not good cities in terms of geography and climate B、to tell us how wealthy their residents are C、to suggest that these cities lack places of his

42、toric interest and scenic beauty D、to prove that they have got more tourism than they can handle【正确答案】A【答案解析】该段中所列举的三个城市都具有阴冷日短的气候特点，这些不利的地理气候条件使得当地居民向往阳光充足的地方。四个选项中，选项A最接近题意。第30题【单选题】【2007.04】The newspaper will have to close down if it cannot increase its _ considerably. A、distribution B、contributi

43、on C、prescription D、circulation【正确答案】D【答案解析】本题考查词义辨析。circulation：（书报杂志的）销售量，发行额，销路。符合句意。 第31题【单选题】【2009.10】_ he has many friends, he is often feeling lonely. A、As B、When C、While D、Since【正确答案】C【答案解析】本题考查状语从句的从属连词。【译文】 尽管（虽然）他有许多朋友，但他常常感到孤独。第32题【单选题】【完成句子】Americans eat with knives and forks; Japanese

44、eat with chopsticks. Americans say Hi when they meet; Japanese bow. Many American men open doors for women; Japanese men do not. On the surface, it appears that good manners in America are not good manners in Japan, and in a way this is true. But in any country, the only manners that are important a

45、re those involving one persons behavior toward another person. In all countries it is good manners to behave considerately toward others and bad manners not to. It is only the way of behaving that differs from country to country.The topic sentence of this paragraph is_. A、Americans eat with knives a

46、nd forks; Japanese eat with chopsticks. B、Many American men open doors for women; Japanese men do not. C、The way of behaving that differs from country to country. D、In all countries it is good manners to behave considerately toward others and bad manners not to.【正确答案】C【答案解析】文章的最后一句话是对前面的一个总结，道出了本段的主

47、题。因此选择C。第33题【单选题】【2008.10】Johnson was _ unknown before running for the presidency. A、visibly B、visually C、vertically D、virtually【正确答案】D【答案解析】本题考查（形近的）副词词义区分。译文：事实上，约翰逊在参选总统职位之前是个无名人士。A 显然，明显地 B 外表上，直观地 C 垂直地，直立地 D 实际上，事实上第34题【单选题】【2009.7】He would _ that all the classified data should be kept safe wh

48、en in office. A、assure B、ensure C、insure D、secure【正确答案】B【答案解析】本题考查动词意义区分。【译文】他保证在办公室里的所有机密数据处于安全状态。【详细解答】A 使确信，使有信心；B 确保（某事）发生，担保；C 为投保，给保险；D 安全的，没有危险的第35题【单选题】【阅读选择】During these past few years I used Associated Content to try writing. I found writing for that site was not my cup of tea. However, my

49、 experience there was positive as I was rewarded with even more learning opportunities just by dipping my toes into the water. Through Associated Content I was introduced to the world of blogging. I decided to learn how to set up a blog myself. Now Im interested in blogging and continue to work as a

50、 writer. What is the authors purpose of using the site Associated Content? A、To write for the site Yahoo! Contributor Network. B、To know more about other writers. C、To have one of his articles published. D、To become a network writer.【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D。根据本段的I decided to learn how to set up a blog myse

51、lf. Now Im interested in blogging and continue to work as a writer确定D答案。A选项是作者偶然获得的结果，并非刚开始写作时的目的，可排除；B选项不是作者的目的；C选项是作者两年前已经取得的成果，无需再定为自己目标。第36题【单选题】【2009.7】He would _ that all the classified data should be kept safe when in office. A、assure B、ensure C、insure D、secure【正确答案】B【答案解析】本题考查动词意义区分。【译文】他保证在

52、办公室里的所有机密数据处于安全状态。【详细解答】A 使确信，使有信心；B 确保（某事）发生，担保；C 为投保，给保险；D 安全的，没有危险的第37题【单选题】【2008.04】The vehicle was traveling at speeds _ 90 miles per hour. A、in addition to B、in view of C、in excess of D、in search of【正确答案】C【答案解析】本题考查短语辨析。那辆车以超过每小时90英里的速度行驶。A .除之外、 例外； B. 由看来、 有鉴于；C. 过分、超出； D. 寻找、追求。第38题【单选题】【阅读

53、判断】The UK is portioned at No. 29, a much lower position chiefly because of the social and family breakdown recorded in official statistics. The US, which has the second highest per capita GDP（人均国内生产总值）after Luxembourg, took the 13th place in the surveyChina was in the lower haft of the league at 60t

54、hQ: The United States of America is among the top 10 countries in the survey. A、True B、False C、Not Given【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。问题句说“美国位于前十个国家的行列”。The US, which has the second highest per capita GDP (人均国内生产总值) after Luxembourg, took the 13th place in the survey. 该句说“美国的人均国内生产总值排名第2，仅位于卢森堡之后，因此美国在这项调查中位于第1

55、3位。”显然问题句的说法与该句的说法不一致，因此判断问题句“错误”。第39题【单选题】【阅读选择】The world is not only hungry; it is also thirsty for water. This may seem strange to you, since nearly 75% of the earths surface is covered with water. But about 97% of this huge amount is sea-water, or salt water. Man can only drink and use the other

56、 3%the fresh water that comes from rivers, lakes, underground, and other sources. And we cannot even use all of that, because some of it is in the form of icebergs（冰山）and glaciers（冰川）. Even worse, some of it has been polluted.What percentage of the earths water can man actually use at present? A、Nea

57、rly 75 per cent. B、About 97 per cent. C、Exactly 3 per cent. D、Less than 3 percent.【正确答案】D【答案解析】根据本段得知，地球上只有3的水适于人类饮用，然而部分以冰山或冰川的形式存在，还有的被污染，因而实际上人类能用的水要低于3。第40题【单选题】【2009.10】The profit-sharing plan is designed to _ the staff to work hard. A、calculate B、demonstrate C、speculate D、motivate【正确答案】D【答案解析】

58、本题考查词语辨析。【译文】利润共享计划目的是激发员工努力工作。A 计算、估算 B 证实、论证、演示 C思索、推测 D 激励、激发第41题【单选题】【阅读判断】Although no other game is exactly like baseball, perhaps the one most nearly like it is the English game of cricket（板球）.Q: Baseball shares many features with the English game of cricket. A、True B、False C、Not Given【正确答案】A【

59、答案解析】答案选A。本题对应的语句为：the one most nearly like it is the English game of cricket，因此是正确的。第42题【单选题】【2008.04】The farming methods have been _ improved with the invention of the new machine. A、efficiently B、proficiently C、professionally D、intentionally【正确答案】A【答案解析】本题考查副词词义辨析。句子翻译为：由于新机器的发明，人们已经高效率地改进了农业耕种方法

60、。A 高效率地 B熟练地 C 职业地、专职地 D 故意地、有意地。第43题【单选题】【2010.04】The student _ described the beautiful mountains and rivers in his home town. A、artificially B、vividly C、critically D、viciously【正确答案】B【答案解析】本题考查副词的词义辨析。这个学生生动地描述了他的家乡美丽的山河。第44题【单选题】【2008.04】To understand the sentence, you should analyze its parts _.