直接引语与间接引语tracy

1、Next pageUnit one Good Friend 1直接引语与间接引语（Direct Speech and Indirect Speech）1.定义：A.直接引述别人的话，叫“直接引语”。B.用自己的话转述别人的话，叫“间接引语”。间接引语在多数情况下构成宾语从句。直接引语一般前后要加引号，间接引语不用引号。2.例如：约翰说：“我喜欢看故事书。”（直接引语）John said， “I like reading story books.”约翰说他喜欢看故事书。（间接引语）John said that he liked reading story books。2一.陈述句（Stateme

2、nts） 直接引语如果是陈述句，变为间接引语时，用连词that引导。从句的人、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等要作相应的变化。1）人称的变化 他说：“我非常喜欢它。” 他说他非常喜欢它。2）时态的变化 如主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，直接引语变间接引语时，从句的谓语动词在时态上要作相应的变化。如主句的谓语动词是现在时，从句的时态则无需变化。He said， “I like it very much.”He said that he liked it very much.33）指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化直接引语转化间接引语时的变化例 句直接引语间接引语This-thatShe s

3、aid, “Ill finish the work this morning.”She said that she would finish the work that morning.These-thoseHe said, “These books are mine.”He said that those books were his.Now-thenHe said, “Its nine oclock now.”He said that it was nine oclock then.Today-that dayHe said, “I havent seen her today.”HE sa

4、id that he hadnt seen her that day.Yesterday-the day beforeShe said, “I went there yesterday.”She said that she had gone there the day before.Tomorrow-the next dayShe said, “Ill go there tomorrow.”She said that she would go there the next day.Ago- beforeShe said, “He left 30 minutes ago.”She told me

5、 that he had left 30 minutes before.Here-thereHe said, “My sister was here one week ago.”He said that his sister had been there one week before.Come-goShe said, “Ill come here this evening.”She said that she would go there that evening.4注意：（1）直接引语如果是客观真理，变为间接引语时，时态 不变。如： He said, “Light travels much

6、 faster than sound.” He said that light travels much faster than sound. “A friend in need is a friend indeed,”Mother said to me. Mother told me that a friend in need is a friend indeed. (2) 如果在当地转述，here不必改为there，动词come 不必改为go。如果在当天转述，yesterdaytomorrow等时间状语也不必改变。52.疑问句直接引语如果是疑问句，变为间接引语时，要吧疑问句语序改为陈述语序

7、。句末用句号，主语的人称、时态和状语等也要作相应地变化。1）一般疑问句：直接引语如果是一般疑问句，变为间接引语时，要用连词whether或if引导。主句中的谓语动词是said时，要改为asked，没有间接宾语的，可以家一个间接宾语（me，him，her，us ect）。（1）He said， “are you interested in English？” He asked me if I was interested in English. （2）He said， “Did you see him last night？” He asked me whether Ihad seen him the night before。2）特