高考英语阅读简答题专项训练及详解

1、阅读简答题专项训练附详解A.If you are in any major city in America, the chances are high that you are not far from a Starbucks. In fact, you might be very close to several of these coffee stores. The company started in the West Coast city of Seattle, Washington, in 1971. Starbucks was named after a character in

2、the famous American novel “Moby-Dick” by Herman Melville. Today, there are more than twelve thousand Starbucks around the world.Sales last year were almost eight billion dollars. The company believes in opening many stores in busy areas of cities. For example, there are about thirty Starbucks stores

3、 in downtown Seattle. Recently, three Starbucks opened in the area near VOA headquarters in Washington, D.C. Starbucks sells more than just plain coffee. It started a whole coffee culture with its own special language and coffee workers called baristas. It sells many kinds of hot and cold coffee dri

4、nks, like White Chocolate Mocha and Frappuccino. It also sells music albums, coffee makers, food, and even books. But most of all, it sells the idea of being a warm and friendly place for people to sit, read or talk. Starbucks is a great success story. Buyers are willing to pay as much as five dolla

5、rs for a coffee drink. People we talked to said they go to Starbucks because they can depend on it to have exactly what they want and to be nearby. however, some people do not like the companys aggressive expansion. Owners of independent coffee stores cannot compete with Starbucks. One small coffee

6、seller is taking the company to court. She says the way the company does business is illegal because it stops property owners from leasing stores to other coffee companies. She sees Starbucks as controlling the market and forcing out competition.73. Find in the passage a word closest in meaning to t

7、he underlined word “baristas”.74. What do people think of Starbucks? (回答词数不超过8个)75. according to some people, what will be the result of Starbucks doing? (回答词数不超过6个)【答案及解析】73. culture。根据上文的It started a whole coffee culture with its own special language可知。74. (1) Starbucks can provide them what they

8、want. 根据句子People we talked to said they go to Starbucks because they can depend on it to have exactly what they want and to be nearby可知。 (2) It is a strong and aggressive company. 根据句子some people do not like the companys aggressive expansion可知。(3) Starbucks does its business illegally. 根据句子She says

9、the way the company does business is illegal because it stops property owners from leasing stores to other coffee companies可知。75. (1) Starbucks will have more customers. 根据句子Starbucks is a great success story. Buyers are willing to pay as much as five dollars for a coffee drink. People we talked to

10、said they go to Starbucks because they can depend on it to have exactly what they want and to be nearby可知。(2) Starbucks will control the market alone. 根据文章最后一句She sees Starbucks as controlling the market and forcing out competition. 可知。BBaloney is a kind of sausage that many Americans eat often. The

11、 word also has another meaning in English. It is used to describe somethingusually something someone saysthat is false or wrong or foolish. Baloney sausage comes from the name of the Italian city, Bologna. The city is famous for its sausage, a mixture of smoked, spiced meat from cows and pigs. But,

12、boloney sausage does not taste the same as beef or pork alone. Some language experts think this different taste is responsible for the birth of the expression baloney. Baloney is an idea or statement that is nothing like the truth.in the same way that baloney sausage tastes nothing like the meat tha

13、t is used to make it. Baloney is a word often used by politicians to describe the ideas of their opponents. The expression has been used for years. Fifty years ago, a former governor of New York State, Alfred Smith, criticized some claims by President Franklin Roosevelt about the successes of the Ro

14、osevelt administration. Smith said, “No matter how thin you slice it, it is still baloney.”A similar word has almost the same meaning as baloney. It even sounds almost the same. The word is blarney. It began in Ireland about 1600. The lord of Blarney castle, near Cork, agreed to surrender the castle

15、 to British troops. But he kept making excuses for postponing the surrender. And, he made them sound like very good excuses, “this is just more of the same blarney.”The Irish castle now is famous for its Blarney stone. Kissing the stone is thought to give a person special powers of speech. One who h

16、as kissed the Blarney stone, so the story goes, can speak words of praise so smoothly and sweetly that you believe them, even when you know they are false.73. Find in the passage a word closest in meaning to the underlined word “baloney”.74. according to Americans, what does baloney refer to? (回答词数不

17、超过8个)75. What do you know about the lord of Blarney castle, near Cork? (回答词数不超过6个)【答案及解析】73. blarney。根据句子A similar word has almost the same meaning as baloney. It even sounds almost the same. The word is blarney可知。74. (1) It is something false or wrong or foolish. 根据句子It is used to describe somethin

18、gusually something someone saysthat is false or wrong or foolish可知(from )。(2) It is a false idea or statement. 根据句子Baloney is an idea or statement that is nothing like the truth可知。75. (1) He was a clever man. 根据句子he made them sound like very good excuses可知。(2) He didnt surrender to British troops. 根

19、据句子But he kept making excuses for postponing the surrender可知。CHousing policies differ from school to school. Students might be able to choose whatever housing they can find. Or they might have to live in a dormitory, at least for the first year. Dorms come in all sizes. A building may house a small

20、number of students or many hundreds. Some have suites. Each suite has several bedrooms, a common living area and a bathroom. Six or more students may live in one suite. Other dorms have many rooms along a common hallway, usually with two students in each room. Many students say dormitories provide t

21、he best chance to get to know other students. Also, dorms generally cost less than apartments or other housing not owned by the school. Most colleges and universities offer single-sex dorms, but usually males and females live in the same building. They might live on the same floors and share the sam

22、e common bathrooms. But, in most cases, they may live in the same room only if they are married. At many schools, male students can join fraternities (联谊会，兄弟会) and females can join sororities (女生联谊会，姊妹会). These are mainly social organizations but members may also be able to live at their fraternity

23、or sorority house.Edward Spencer is the associate vice president for student affairs at Virginia Tech in Blacksburg. He says it is important to understand the rules of the building in which you will live. He advises students to ask questions before they decide about their housing. For example: If a

24、student requires a special diet, will the school provide for it? Virginia Tech, for example, had a ban against candles in dorms. But it changed that policy to let students light candles for religious purposes. 73. Find in the passage a word closest in meaning to the underlined word “suite”.74. accor

25、ding to Edward Spencer, when can a student decide about their housing? (回答词数不超过8个)75. according to some students, what is the advantage of dormitories? (回答词数不超过6个)【答案及解析】73. apartment。根据句子Also, dorms generally cost less than apartments or other housing not owned by the school可知。74. If the school can

26、t provide a special diet 根据他所提的问题If a student requires a special diet, will the school provide for it?可知。75. (1) They are places to make friends 根据句子Many students say dormitories provide the best chance to get to know other students可知(from )。(2)They are the cheapest housing. 根据Also, dorms generally

27、cost less than apartments or other housing not owned by the school可知。DThe Sahel is the area of Africa that lies between the Sahara desert to the north and more fertile land to the south. The dry plains of the Sahel are mostly treeless. Yet in Niger, one of the once also poor nations along the Sahel,

28、 millions of trees are now growing.Researchers have been studying the progress of a re-greening campaign in Niger. Chris Reij is a scientist from the Netherlands. In a message at last February, he described how, in some places, densities are so high that you almost look at a wall of trees.A United N

29、ations news service reported in October that Nigers government said the campaign had already reclaimed three million hectares (公顷). Teams of workers have used simple methods such as planting trees and protecting natural vegetation to save land from being lost to desert. Ten to twenty times more tree

30、s were reported in parts of southern Niger in 2005 than there were thirty years earlier.Some reclaimed land can now be farmed again. The land became infertile during the 1970s and early 80s. But about twenty years ago, local farmers recognized that their once-productive soil was being carried away b

31、y severe winds. Trees were traditionally cut down for firewood or cleared for agriculture. Instead of clearing trees, farmers began to let them grow among their crops. At the same time, rainfall levels began to rise after a long dry period. Today, the rate of desert expansion in Niger is dropping an

32、d the amount of harvested crops is up. The success of the effort suggests that earlier damage to the Sahel may not have been permanent. and some say it could put Niger in a better position to deal with whatever effects climate change might bring.73. Find in the passage a word closest in meaning to t

33、he underlined word “reclaim”.74. What was the situation of Nigers land before the 1950s? (回答词数不超过6个)75. according to the passage, what lesson can we learn from it? (回答词数不超过8个)【答案及解析】73. re-green。根据句子Teams of workers have used simple methods such as planting trees and protecting natural vegetation to

34、 save land from being lost to desert.及句子Researchers have been studying the progress of a re-greening campaign in Niger可知。74. The soil was productive. 根据句子But about twenty years ago, local farmers recognized that their once-productive soil was being carried away by severe winds可知(from )。75. We can st

35、op the damage to the Sahel. 根据句子The success of the effort suggests that earlier damage to the Sahel may not have been permanent可知。EBeetles are invading ash trees in the United States and now have killed at least twenty million of them. Experts believe the small green insects arrived in the 1990s in

36、shipments of goods from China. The emerald ash borer has destroyed trees in the Midwest and as far east in the United States as Maryland. The insects have also spread as far north as Ontario, Canada. Ash trees are popular. They grow well in heavy clay soils, and they can survive ice storms well. The

37、y produce many leaves, so they provide shade protection from the sun. And in the fall the leaves turn a beautiful gold and purple. Ash trees can resist many diseases. But they cannot resist the emerald ash borer. It lays eggs on the bark. Then the young larvae drill into and feed on the inner bark.

38、This harms the ability of the tree to transport water and nutrients. The insect is attacking tree farms and can also spread when logs and firewood are transported. The United States Department of Agriculture is working to save the ash tree. So are agriculture departments and university extensions in

39、 a number of states. In some places, farmers are using detection trees. These have an area where bark has been cut away. The area circles the tree and is called a girdle. The girdling process weakens the trees. It makes them easier targets for borers, and shows if the insects are nearby.Efforts to stop the spread of the emerald ash borer include cutting do