中学英语-非谓语动词之动名词和分词作定语

1、 非谓语 之动名词分词做定语 YOUWIN师资培训 主讲人：李双双 日期： 2017.11.221考纲、分值2讲解与梳理3典型例题4讨论 目录非谓语高中单选：23题完型、阅读中分词：4分左右写作：用对非谓语，提高4分左右总10分左右1考纲、分值考查方式在高考英语全国卷中，单项选择、完形填空、阅读理解以及大小作文都直接或间接地考察着非谓语动词。掌握不住这个考点，读文章就读不懂，作文只能用最普通的简单句。2讲解与梳理我是爱你的。I love you.I am love you.英语语法的游戏规则我喜欢游泳。I like swim. I like swimming. 一个简单句只能有一个真正的动词！

2、动词非动词=非谓语动词动词动名词形式：v+ing 不难理解，使用方便我最喜欢的运动是篮球。My favorite sport is basketball.我最喜欢的运动是滑冰。My favorite sport is skate.swimming.skating.功能动名词=主语名词主语、宾语定语、表语表语、宾语、定语动名词的构成： 时态 语态 一般时 完成时 主动式 被动式 否定形式not +动名词v+inghaving+ donebeing+ donehaving+ been+doneMusic is my hobby.Listen to music is my hobby.音乐是我的爱好

3、。听音乐是我的爱好。Listening 主语_ (打)table tennis is fun._(学习) about other cultures is interesting._(感冒)isnt much fun.Collecting stamps is a good hobby. PlayingLearning Having a coldPutting off an easy thing makes it hard. Putting off a hard thing makes it impossible.在这个时代生活在北京这样的大城市很累。Living in big cities li

4、ke Beijing nowadays is extremely tiring.眼见为实.Seeing is believing. 动名词作主语还有以下两个习惯表答法：It is no use (good) + 动名词：做某事没用(不好)Its no use crying over spilt milk. (覆水难收)Its no good spitting in public.动名词作主语还有以下两个习惯表答法：There is no + 动名词表示“没法-”(= It is impossible to do sth.)There is no knowing what may happen.

5、（未来的事无法知道）There was no telling whether it would rain again.It is no use/no good / useless / senseless / fun / enjoyable / tiring / interesting / dangerous / difficult / easy / foolish / wonderful / a shame / a waste of time / a good pleasure / a task / worthwhile + doing通常是说明主语的内容，注意它与谓语动词进行时的区别His

6、hobby is collecting stamps. (此句为SVC结构) 可改为：Collecting stamps is his hobby.Cf. He is collecting stamps. (is collecting是谓语动词进行时，此句为SVO结构) 不能改为：Collecting stamps is he.表语The nurses job is looking after the patients.Her job is keeping the offices clean. 她的工作是保持办公室清洁。区别：现在分词作表语，相当于形容词，可以有so/very等副词来修饰例：T

7、he news that our team had been beaten by them in the match was very surprising. 我们队在比赛中被他们打败的消息让人感到很意外。 The sound we heard last night was so frightening. 我们昨晚听到的声音令人恐怖。 a washing machine =a machine for washinga walking stick =a stick for walkinga reading room定语表示被修饰词的用途喝水的杯子a drinking cup 一张捕鱼的网a fi

8、shing netSome people do not enjoy smoke.He denied steal the money.宾语动词的宾语介词的宾语smoking.stealingsuggestavoid,quit,give uphave trouble,finish, have fun, spendenjoy, practice享受 练习 花钱，虽然好玩但钱花完，真的keep有麻烦。放弃吧！退出吧！我们应该避免 继续 浪费。我介意，所以提出建议。, waste, mind习惯接动名词的动词He tried to avoid _ my question.Have you finishe

9、d _ your hair yet？He wants to keep _.I dont mind you _ the phone.Sarah gave up _ to find a job.trying usingworkingwashingansweringtry wash work answer use Billsuggested_ameetingonwhatto dofortheShanghaiExpoduringthevacation.A.havingheldB.toholdC.holdingD.holdcontinue start begin love like preferhate

10、He continued to work / working after having her baby. 继续开始爱恨动词宾语动词的宾语介词的宾语travellingreadinglistening to musicI cant live without旅行阅读听音乐1）作介词的宾语 be used to doing ；look forward to doing ； devote ones life to doing ；lead to ；object to ； pay attention to get down to ； contribute toin response to对做出反应 ad

11、apt to使自己适应于改编，改写 adjust to使自己适应于调整;调节 go on doing 继续做（原来的事）；keep on doing 不停地做；how/what about doing 做怎么样；think of doing 考虑做；be interested in doing 对做感兴趣；have some difficulty/trouble (in) doing 做某事有困难；be busy (in) doing 忙于做；instead of doing 做而不做 succeed in 成功 think about be worth doing insist on 坚持

12、spend time (in) doing 花时间做 be fond of doing 喜爱做； be good at doing 擅长做；be proud of doing 为做而自豪；be tired of doing 对做感到厌倦；feel like doing depend on依靠 cant stand doing不能容忍set about 开始 dream of prevent.from stop.from discouragefrom keep .from prefer.to. protect .from主语+have +trouble/difficulty/a problem/

13、a struggle/a good time/a hard time +(in) +doing主语+spend time/money +(in) +doing主语+be busy +(in) +doing 主语+lose no time +(in) +doing 立即做Im interested in _ the play.He sat there without_ anything.我对看戏感兴趣。他坐在那里，一言不发。sayingwatching这把小刀专门用来切面包。This knife is only for_ bread.cutting学习很重要。Learning is import

14、ant.我喜欢学习。I like learning.你对学习的观点是什么？What is your opinion about learning?他主要的事情就是学习。His main business is learning.我知道他的兴趣学习。I know his interest learning.He is learning.His job is learning.2)动词forget, remember, regret, try, mean, cant help, go on ,(stop)可用不定式又可用-ing形式，但意义完全不同。go on to do接着做别的事go on d

15、oing继续做同一件事cant help doing cant help to do remember to do表示记住要做的事remember doing 表示记住发生的事 forget to do 表示忘记 要做的事 forget doing 表示忘记做过的是事 regret to do 对要做的事抱歉 regret doing 对发生的事后悔 try to do尽力去做 try doing 试着做 mean to do打算去做 mean doing 意味着什么 stop to do 停下来去做另外的事stop doing 停止做 3)表示 “需要”的动词 want, need, req

16、uire deserve 后接-形式时，有被动意义。其意义相当于不定式的被动结构。 These desks need repairing= These desks need to be repaired. The patient required examined= The patient required to be examined. 动名词复合结构His smoking made his family angry不可用him 她的帮忙鼓舞拉我们所有人 _to help encouraged all of usNo one had told Smith about_ a lecture t

17、he following dayA there being B there be C there would beD there wasHer comingAWhy didnt you buy some bread on your way home?Sorry, I forgot _ some money with me. A. take B. taking C. to take D. took CI still remember _ to the Famen Temple and what I saw there.A. to take B. to be taken C. taking D.

18、being takenDI remembered the door before I left the office, but forgot to turn off the lights. A. locking B. to lock C. having locked D. to have locked BWhen asked by the police, he said that he remembered _ at the party, but not _.A. to arrive; leavingB. to arrive; to leaveC. arriving; leavingD. ar

19、riving; to leaveCHe practiced _the piano every day. A, playedB, to playC, playD, playingDHe has promised _better later. A, behave B, behavingC, behavedD, to behaveD-Grandpa has changed a lot.-So he has. He spends more time than he used to _ games with the children.A. playB. playingC. playedD. playsB

20、Kate, remember _ for the sick to cheer them up.A. to singB. not to singC. singingA-Some children cant afford _ necessary stationery.-Lets donate our pocket money to them.A. buyB. buyingC. to buyD. be boughtCAt present, lots of people would rather _ in the country because there is _ pollution in the

21、city. A. live; moreB. to live; lessC. live; lessD. to live; moreA 分词做定语 高中分词做形容词动词+ing/ed定语做哈，我现在能做名词和形容词啦v v-edv-ing哈，我现在能做形容词啦What are you doing?I am watching TV.I have just received a letter from my brother, Tim. He is in Australia. He has been there for six month.We have an old musical instrumen

22、t. It is called a clavichord. It was made in Germany in 1681. It has belonged to our family for a long time.一个正在睡觉的婴儿 a sleep babyingUFOUnidentified Flying Objects=unidentified objects that are flying =unidentified objects that can fly盘旋的路a winding road 他们住在一个朝南的（face the south） 房间。They live in a fa

23、cing the south room.They live in a room that faces the south.连接两个村庄的 (join the two village) 路很窄。The road joining the two villages is very narrow.以“T”开头的花的名字the name of a flower beginning with a T现在分词做定语名词动作进行名词的特点=进行时的定从=一般现在时的定从Do you know the man _ to my sister?A. talkingB. talkedC. to talkD. talk

24、AThe flowers _sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature.A. to smellB. smellingC. smeltD. to be smeltB Theres a note pinned to the door_ when the shop will open again. A. sayingB. saysC. saidD. having saidAa broken cupa cup that is brokena cup that has been broken 过去分词做

25、定语 steamed dumplings 一个被宠坏的小孩A new car is better than a used car.六百年前修建的天坛Temple of Heaven built six hundred years ago上个月举行的会议the meeting held last month恐怖分子用了一辆偷来的汽车。The terrorists used a stolen car.The terrorists used a carwhich/thathad been stolen.fallen leavesleaves that are fallen leaves that h

26、ave been fallen升起的太阳(rise)the risen sunthe sun that has risen归来的战士(return)a returned soldiera soldier who has returned一个已婚的男人a married mana man that has married一个退休的教师a retired teachera teacher that has retireda developed countrya country that has developedThe road is blocked by a fallen tree.The ro

27、ad is blocked by a treewhich/that has fallen.过去分词做定语=被动各种时态的定从=主动完成时态的定从vtvi现在分词做定语名词动作进行名词的特点=进行时的定从=一般现在时的定从Somebody _ (call) Jack phoned while you were out. When I enter the waiting room it was empty except for a young man _ (sit) by the window _ (read) a magazine.Ian has got a brother _ (work) i

28、n a bank and a sister _ (study) economics at university.studyingworkingreadingsittingcalledI was woken up by a bell _.There was a tree _ down in the storm last night.Life must be very unpleasant for people _ near busy airports.A few days after the interview, I received a letter _ me the job.blow / live / ring / offerblownofferinglivingringingHe looked famil