Unit 1 Food mattersFood Matters（选拔卷B）（解析版） 高中英语新牛津译林版选择性必修第一册（2022年）

1、Unit 1 Food Matters选拔卷第一部分 听力第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。AAre you scared about moving up to senior high school？It can be a new experience，but you shouldnt worryWeve put together a guide on how to survive the first weekYoure not aloneRemember everybo

2、dy else in your year is in the same boatThey may not realize it，but theyre just as nervous as you areMoving to senior high is an opportunity，not a problemThings are different and all you need to do is be polite and learn the new rulesTeachers are ready to helpIf youre unsure what to do or are worrie

3、d about anything，then you had better ask for helpTeachers are probably the best people to turn to as theyre experienced in helping new studentsSome senior high schools also have a friends systemIf your school has this，then you will be paired with an older studentThey will look out for you and help y

4、ou if you have any problems or questionsAll changeThere are lots of differences between junior high school and senior high schoolYoull have a homework diary or a student plannerYou will have your lessons with different teachers in different roomsYou will have homework for different subjects on diffe

5、rent days，so make sure you get organizedMake sure you have a copy of your school timetable written down so you know which rooms your classes are in and on which days you will have your different subjectsOther pointsIf youve got an older brother or sister at the school，then ask them for adviceBe your

6、self! It sounds simple，but people will know you much better if you just act naturallyHaving early nights makes a difference and youll find it easier to get up in the morning!21Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined sentence？ AOther students have similar feelings to yoursBOthe

7、r students have to learn boating with youCOther students will help you solve your problemsDOther students will teach you politeness and new rules22The new students turn to teachers first when having problems because Ateachers wont blame them as parents doBteachers are good at helping solve problemsC

8、teachers are equal to every studentDparents are too busy to help them23Whats the purpose of the passage？ ATo tell students the importance of learningBTo warn students not to ignore friendship in senior highCTo make a difference when moving up to senior highDTo help new students to get used to life i

9、n senior high21A【解析】由原文小标题You are not alone.可知他们与你的处境相同in the same boat。22B【解析】由原文Teachers are probably the best people to turn to as theyre experienced in helping new students可知as表示原因，后面就是具体原因. Be good at 擅长，相当于experienced。23D【解析】主旨大意题。这篇文章是总分结构类型的文章，所以由第一段Weve put together a guide on how to surviv

10、e the first week可知全文的写作目的是提建议来帮助。BThere are a growing number of pet owners who feed their pets on raw foods, which mean “uncooked” meat and bones. WilliamBurk,a pet food specialist from the Food and Drug Administration(FDA),believes that feeding raw meat to pets is against its goal of protecting the

11、 public from health dangers, and that raw meat and bones do not have all the required nutrition that a pet needs every day.Recognising how popular these foods are, the FDA has provided guidelines for producers of pet foods which contain uncooked meat for dogs, cats and other pets. The guidelines giv

12、e rules to protect pet owners and pets from dangers about food safety and lack of nutrition.Pet owners who feed raw meat and bones to their pets should deal with these products very carefully to protect themselves against possible dangers, says Burk. Just as when you are preparing foods for human be

13、ings, use hot water and soap to wash your hands, containers, and surfaces that come into contact with the food. Dont put your hands near your mouth until you have washed them, and dont allow your pet to touch your face right after it has eaten raw meat.“If pet owners choose to feed bones to their pe

14、ts, they should watch their pets carefully when they are eating bones,” Burk says.“If a pet eats a big piece of bone that wont pass through its digestive system(消化系统),it is likely to kill the pet.”24. What does William Burk think of feeding pets on raw meat?A. Itll make the pet owners sick.B. Itll k

15、eep the pets wild nature.C. Its against the policy of the FDA.D. Its dangerous and lack of nutrition.25. The FDA has provided guidelines for producers of pet foods with raw meat because _.A. pet safety is a serious problemB. most pets lack nutritionC. feeding pets on raw foods is popularD. the quali

16、ty of pet foods is dropping26. Pet owners should do some necessary cleaning when_. A. preparing raw meat for pets B. touching the food containersC. taking their pets out for a walk D. washing the clothes27. What suggestion is given to pet owners in the last paragraph?A. Pets should be forbidden to e

17、at raw bones.B. Pets should be kept away from the raw meat.C. Pets should be checked on their digestive system.D. Pets should be watched carefully while eating bones.24.D【解析】根据第一段的“.believes that feeding raw meat to pets is against its goal of protecting the public from health dangers, and that raw

18、meat and bones do not have all the required nutrition that a pet needs every day.”可知,D项正确。25.C【解析】根据第二段的第一句可知选C项。26.A【解析】根据第三段的内容可知,在喂动物之前要做好各种清洁工作,故选A项。27.D【解析】根据最后一段的第一句可知选项D正确 。CChinas TikTok, which has taken the world by storm, is working its magic in its home nation, too.The Chinese version of

19、TikTok, called Douyin, has amassed (累积) 400 million daily active users, parent company Byte Dance (字节跳动) revealed in its annual report this week. This is an impressive growth for the addictive video app, which had 250 million daily active users in January last year.The report, which describes users

20、behavior and trends, shows the cultural difference between China and the US, said Katherine Wu, an investor at New York-based firm Notation Capital.Things that trend in these two countries are completely different. For example,knowledge-based content is extremely popular in China, but less so in the

21、 U.S. Also, those creators that did the most dance videos in China are users born in the 60s, while in the US, it seems that its mostly teenagers who are creating the dances.Byte Dance claimed that Douyin has established itself as the largest knowledge, culture and art platform in China. 14.89 milli

22、on “knowledge-based content videos” were shared on the app last year, it claimed. For example, one of the worlds most valued startups claimed that the number of users who posts videos about chemistry reached 130 million people last year. “On the art and culture front, videos related to those topics

23、had 543.1 billion plays on Douyin last year.” it claimed.Education has become a main use case for Byte Dance. TikTok, which is estimated to have earned more than $50 million last year, already counts educational content as one of the most consumed categories on its app across the world. The app laun

24、ched an educational campaign in India last year, where it has amassed more than 200 million users.28. The difference in trends between China and the US reflects the difference in _.A. culture B. education C. knowledge D. hobby29. What videos are mostly shared on TikTok in China?A. Music videos B. Kn

25、owledge-based videos C. Humorous videos D. Videos about chemistry30. The passage is written by _.A. analyzing reasonsB. showing survey resultsC. stating argumentsD. providing statistics and examples31. Whats the authors purpose in writing this passage?A. To introduce the app -TikTok.B. To help custo

26、mers use TikTok.C. To reveal the popularity of TikTok.D. To recommend TikTok to customers.A 29. B 30. D 31. C【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章向我们讲述了当前最红的抖音APP的一些情况。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“The report, which describes users behavior and trends, shows the cultural difference between China and the US,(该报告描述了用户的行为和趋势，展示了中美之间的文

27、化差异)”可知中美趋势的差异反映了文化上的差异上。故选A。【29题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“knowledge-based content is extremely popular in China,( 知识型内容在中国非常受欢迎)”及第五段“Byte Dance claimed that Douyin has established itself as the largest knowledge, culture and art platform in China. 14.89 million “knowledge-based content videos” were shared on

28、 the app last year, it claimed.(Byte Dance称抖音已经成为中国最大的知识、文化和艺术平台，去年共有1489万“知识型内容视频”在抖音上分享)”可以推知，中国人们在抖音最喜欢分享知识型内容。故选B。【30题详解】推理判断题。通读文章可知文章中有很多数据和例子都在围绕文章首句“Chinas TikTok, which has taken the world by storm, is working its magic in its home nation, too.(风靡全球的中国TikTok（中国版抖音）也在中国施展魔法)”展开，故文章的的写作手法有列数字

29、、举例子等。故选D。【31题详解】推理判断题。文章首句“Chinas TikTok, which has taken the world by storm, is working its magic in its home nation, too.(风靡全球的中国TikTok（中国版抖音）也在中国施展魔法)”统领全文，作者在文中通过列数字、举例子的方式阐述了TikTok（中国版抖音）举国风靡这一点。由此可推知，作者的写作目的是来揭示TikTok的受欢迎程度。故选C。D “Youll get square eyes!” my mother used to say as I sat for hou

30、r after hour glued to the TV. I ignored her, of course. Past-forward a few decades and now Im the parent. My 5-year-old lives in a world where screens arent fixed pieces of furniture. You cant even avoid them by going outside. Screens are not only in our pockets; theyre everywhere.The concerns have

31、grown with the screens. In the past decade, we have heard that they will damage our mental health. Many of us feel more distracted by them, feeling guiltier and more tired as a result.The apps and websites we can access on our phones have also sparked widespread concern. Big tech companies are also

32、good at making use of our need for social recognition, hooking us on likes, retweets and follower counts. Social media has created a culture of mass narcissism (自恋), which has led many to worry about the emotional stresses on teenagers. A quick online search brings up dozens of papers linking screen

33、 use or social media with harmful effects on mental health, including depression and suicide.Such statements are alarming. They are also widely believed, thanks to popular books like iGen by Jean Twenge, which claims that digital technology has ruined a generation. Yet, Amy Orben at the University o

34、f Oxford, who studies the impact of digital technology and social media in particular on mental health, holds different views. She claims that the underlying data can be used to tell different stories. She also spotted shortcomings in several large studies that claimed to show correlations (相关性) bet

35、ween the use of devices with screens and depression in users.Twenge stands by her own finding, pointing in turn to what she considers flaws in Orbens research methods. For David Max, at Royal College of Child Health in London, the effect of screen time and social media use on mental health remains s

36、peculative. “We cannot regard social media overall as good or bad,” says Davie. “We dont know whether in individual cases social media is not responsible,” he says.The explosion of mobile phone use has revolutionized our lives. I can download movies, write articles, communicate with my family and br

37、oadcast to the world all at the push of a button. Rather than impose constraints (限制), we should take a look at our use of screens and ask how they fit with the activities and lifestyle.Every new technology with widespread impact has given rise to new fears. So the best bet may simply be to ask your

38、self what level of screen use makes you and those around you happy and try to stick to it. If you find yourself over addictive, dont panicand certainly dont feel guilty. Nobody knows anything worth getting scared about.32. According to the passage, people give likes, retweet or count followers to _.

39、A. share ones lifestylesB. show respect for othersC. seek social recognitionD. relieve emotional stresses33. The underlined word “speculative” probably means “_”.A. DoubtfulB. specificC. importantD. abstract34. What can be learned from the passage?A. Teenagers are more affected by screen use both ph

40、ysically and mentally.B. Orben claims it is far too early to blame screen use for ruining a generation.C. Big tech companies help to produce many research papers on mental health.D. Twenge mainly introduces the overall benefits of digital technology in her books.35. The passage is written to _.A. en

41、courage readers to reduce the time of screen useB. share different opinions on the effects of screen useC. explain why screen use may have negative effects on peopleD. relieve peoples concerns and worries about the use of screens D篇：【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了牛津大学的艾米奥本通过研究发现屏幕时间和使用社交媒体对心理健康的影响仍然是不确定的，她认为现在就指责数

42、字技术毁了一代人还为时过早，人们不必为此过分担忧。32. C细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Big tech companies are also good at making use of our need for social recognition, hooking us on likes, retweets and follower counts.”可知，大型科技公司也善于利用我们对社会认同的需求，吸引我们点赞、转发和关注，由此可知，我们点赞、转发和关注是为了寻求社会认同，故C项正确。33. A词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“We cannot regard social media over

43、all as good or bad,” says Davie. “We dont know whether in individual cases social media is not responsible,” he says.”可知，戴维斯说：“我们不能把社交媒体的整体状况看作是好是坏，他还说：“我们不知道在个别情况下，社交媒体是否负有责任”，这说明屏幕时间和使用社交媒体对心理健康的影响仍然是不确定的，由此可知画线词词义为“不确定的”，故A项正确。34. B推理判断题。根据第四段中的“They are also widely believed, thanks to popular bo

44、oks like iGen by Jean Twenge, which claims that digital technology has ruined a generation. Yet, Amy Orben at the University of Oxford, who studies the impact of digital technology and social media in particular on mental health, holds different views.”可知，Jean Twenge声称数字技术已经毁掉了一代人，然而，牛津大学的艾米奥本持有不同的观

45、点，她研究数字技术和社交媒体尤其是对心理健康的影响，由此可知，奥本认为现在就指责屏幕的使用（数字技术）毁了一代人还为时过早，故B项正确。35. D推理判断题。根据最后一段Every new technology with widespread impact has given rise to new fears. So the best bet may simply be to ask yourself what level of screen use makes you and those around you happy and try to stick to it. If you fin

46、d yourself over addictive, dont panicand certainly dont feel guilty. Nobody knows anything worth getting scared about.可知，每一项影响广泛的新技术都会引起新的担忧，所以，最好的办法是问问你自己，什么程度的屏幕使用让你和你周围的人高兴，并努力坚持下去。如果你发现自己上瘾过度，没有必要惊慌和内疚，由此判断出，这篇文章的目的是缓解人们对屏幕使用的担忧，故D项正确。第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为

47、多余选项。_1_ You probably think you will never be a top student. This is not necessarily so, however. Anyone can become a better student if he or she wants to. Heres how：Plan your time carefully. When planning your work, you should make a list of things that you have to do. After making this list, you s

48、hould make a schedule of your time. First your time for eating, sleeping, dressing, etc. Then decide a good, regular time for studying. _2_ A weekly schedule may not solve all your problems, but it will force you to realize what is happening to your time.Find a good place to study. Look around the h

49、ouse for an area suitable for study. Keep this space, which may be a desk or simply a corner of your room, free of everything but study materials. No games, radios, or television. When you sit down to study, concentrate on the subject.Make good use of your time in class. _3_ Listening carefully in c

50、lass means less work later. Taking notes will help you remember what the teacher says.Study regularly. When you get home from school, go over your notes, review the important points that your teacher is going to discuss the next day, and read that material. _4_ If you do these things regularly, the

51、material will become more meaningful, and youll remember it longer.Develop a good attitude towards tests. The purpose of a test is to show what you have learned about a subject. This helps you remember your new knowledge. The world wont end if you dont pass a test, so dont be over worried._5_ You wi

52、ll probably discover many others after you have tried these.ATake advantage of class time to listen to everything the teacher says.BDont forget to set aside enough time for entertainment.CThere are other methods that might help you with your studying.DMaybe you are an average student.ENo one can bec

53、ome a top student unless he or she works hard.FMake full use of class time to take notes of what the teacher says in class.GThis will help you understand the next class.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，给出了成为优秀生的五个建议：认真计划时间、找到适合学习的场所、利用好课堂时间、经常学习及养成对待考试的好的态度等。1答案与解析：D联系下文题。根据下句“You probably think you will never be a t

54、op student. (说明你觉得你从未能成为一名优秀生。说明你是一名普通的学生。)”D项：“Maybe you are an average student. (或许你是一名普通的学生。)”符合文意，故D正确。2答案与解析：B语境辨析题。根据下一句“A weekly schedule may not solve all your problems(说明很满的时间安排不一定能解决所有的问题，一定要有娱乐的时间。)”B项：“Dont forget to set aside enough time for entertainment.(不要忘记留出足够的时间娱乐。)”符合文意，故B正确。3答案与

55、解析：A上下文串联。根据本段第一句“Make good use of your time in class.(可知要充分利用好课堂的时间。)”A项：“Take advantage of class time to listen to everything the teacher says.(充分利用课堂时间听老师讲课。)”符合上下文，故A正确。4答案与解析：G文章衔接题。根据前一句“When you get home from school, go over your notes, review the important points that your teacher is going t

56、o discuss the next day, read that material. (说明预习的重要性，预习以后会让我们的学习更高效。)” G项：“This will help you understand the next class.(这将帮助你听懂下堂课。)”符合上下文。故G正确。5答案与解析：C联系下文题。根据下句“You will probably discover many others after you have tried these.(说明除了文章中的这些方法以外，还有另外的方式。)”C项：“There are other methods that might help

57、 you with your studying.(还有其他的方法可以帮助你的学习。)”符合上下文。故C正确。第三部分 英语知识运用（共三节，满分40分）第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 As a man was passing the elephants, he suddenly stopped, _41_ by the fact that these large creatures were being held by only a small rope_

58、42_ to their front leg. No chains, no cages. It was_43_ that the elephants could, at any time _44_ their ropes. For some reason, they did not, _45_.He saw a trainer nearby, and asked why these animals just stood there and made no_46_ to get away. “Well,” the trainer said, “when they are very young a

59、nd much smaller, we use the same_47_ rope to tie them and, at that age, its enough to_48_ them. As they grow up, they are_49_ to believing they cannot break away. They believe the rope and still hold them, so they never try to break free.The man was_50_. These animals could at any time break free fr

60、om their_51_ but because they believe they couldnt, they were_52_ right where they are.Like the elephants, how many of us_53_ hanging onto a(n) _54_ that we cannot do something, simply because we failed at it once before?Failure is part of learning; we should never give up the_55_ in life.41. A. dis