英美文学theIslesofGreece-ppt课件

1、George Gordon Byron (1788-1824)Poem AppreciationThe Isles of GreeceThe Isles of Greece1The isles of Greece! the isles of Greece!Where burning Sappho loved and sung,Where grew the arts of war and peace,Where Delos rose, and Phoebus sprung! Eternal summer gilds them yet,But all, except their sun, is s

2、et. (Sappho: Greek lyric poetDelos: a name of island; Phoebus: Appollo)Question 1What does Greece mean to Europeans? Greek civilization is the fountainhead of the European culture. Question 2Allusions are frequently used in this poem. Try to interpret the function of allusions in the stanza. burning

3、 Sappho the arts of war and peace Phoebus to set a sharp contrast between the past and the present of Greece. “but all, except the sun, is set” 2The Scian and the Teian muse,The heros harp, the lovers lute,Have found the fame your shores refuse;Their place of birth alone is muteTo sounds which echo

4、further westThan your sires Islands of the Blest.“ (Scian: of Scio, birthplace of Homer; Teian: of Teos, birthplace of Anacreon) Analysis of stanza 2allusion: The Scian and the Teian musesynecdoche: The heros harp, the lovers lute glorious in the past while refusing the fame and being mute to the so

5、unds at present.3The mountains look on Marathon -And Marathon looks on the sea;And musing there an hour alone,I dreamd that Greece might still be freeFor, standing on the Persians grave,I could not deem myself a slave.Question 2Whats the significance of Marathon in this stanza? allusion: war of Mara

6、thon, Greeks won victory over Persian troops but now, on Persians grave, Greeks turn into slave and were chained. 4A king sate on the rocky browWhich looks oer sea-born Salamis;And ships by thousands lay below,And men in nationsall were his!He counted them at break of day,And when the sun set where

7、were they?King: Persian kingAllusion: martial war at Salamis to indicate the past glorious time5And where are they? And where art thou,My country? On thy voiceless shoreThe heroic lay is tuneless nowThe heroic bosom beats no more!And must thy lyre, so long divine,Degenerate into hands like mine?Enco

8、uragement and advocacy to point out the degeneration of the country6Tis something in the dearth of fame, Though linkd among a fetterd race,To feel at least a patriots shame,Even as I sing, suffuse my face.For what is left the poet here?For Greeks a blushfor Greece a tear.(dearth: lack of)7Must we bu

9、t weep oer days more blest?Must we but blush?Our fathers bled.Earth! Render back from out thy breast A remnant of our Spartan dead!Of the three hundred grant but three,To make a new Thermopylae!(render: present)Question 3-4Whats the special effect in the line of “must we but blush?Our fathers bled”?

10、Whats the connotation of allusion of Thermopyloe? 8What, silent still? and silent all?Ah! no;the voices of the deadSound like a distant torrents fall,And answer, Let one living head,But one arise,we come, we come!Tis but the living who are dumb.Question 5-6What are the main methods the poet uses to

11、awaken contemporary Greek? abundant allusions sharp contrasts Do the methods work? How do you know? move on to stanza 9 9In vainin vain: strike other chords; Fill high the cup with Samian wine!Leave battles to the Turkish hordes,And shed the blood of Scios vine!Hark! rising to the ignoble callHow an

12、swers each bold Bacchanal!(chords: tunes)(ignoble call: call for drinking wine)Question 7-8-9Why dose the poet want to strike another chords? the previous methods are “in vain”What kind of chord does he choose from the 9th stanza? fill high the cup and drink wineHow does the poet evaluate his method

13、 in this stanza? ignoble call10You have the Pyrrhic dance as yet; Where is the Pyrrhic phalanx gone? Of two such lessons, why forgetThe nobler and the manlier one?You have the letters Cadmus gaveThink ye he meant them for a slave?(Pyrrhic Pyrrhus dance: a kind of dance during wartime)(Pyrrhic phalan

14、x: 步兵方阵)11Fill high the bowl with Samian wine!We will not think of themes like these! It made Anacreons song divine:He servedbut served PolycratesA tyrant; but our masters thenWere still, at least, our countrymen.(themes: topics)12The tyrant of the ChersoneseWas freedoms best and bravest friend;That

15、 tyrant was Miltiades!O that the present hour would lendAnother despot of the kind!Such chains as his were sure to bind. (to bind: to control)Question 11What does the poet hope for in stanza 12? to have a powerful national king with high hand to re-unity the country.13Fill high the bowl with Samian

16、wine!On Sulis rock, and Pargas shore,Exists the remnant of a lineSuch as the Doric mothers bore; And there, perhaps, some seed is sown,The Heracleidan blood might own. (Dorians built Sparta)(Heracleidan: of Hercules)14Trust not for freedom to the Franks They have a king who buys and sells;In native

17、swords and native ranksThe only hope of courage dwells:But Turkish force and Latin fraudWould break your shield, however broad.(Franks: the Europeans)(Latin fraud: refers to Europeans)15Fill high the bowl with Samian wine!Our virgins dance beneath the shadeI see their glorious black eyes shine;But g

18、azing on each glowing maid,My own the burning tear-drop laves, To think such breasts must suckle slaves. (lave: wash)16Place me on Suniums marbled steep,Where nothing, save the waves and I,May hear our mutual murmurs sweep;There, swan-like, let me sing and die: A land of slaves shall neer be mineDas

19、h down yon cup of Samian wine! (the Swan of Avon: Shakespeare)(samian: of Samos)Question 12What kind of tone is conveyed in the last stanza? sad, melancholy Question 13Whats the theme of the poem? calling for freedom and independence calling for revolts against tyrannyQuestion 14What is Byronic hero

20、? Byrons chief contribution to English poetry. Such a hero is a proud, rebellious figure of noble origin. Passionate and powerful, he is to right all the wrongs in a corrupt society, and he would fight single-handedly against all the misdoings. Thus this figure is a rebellious individual against out

21、worn social systems and conventions. Byronic heroes: heroic of noble birth passionaterebelliousindividualByron at his death bed Question 15 What is ottava rima? a form of verse stanza consisting of eight lines rhyming abababcc, usually employed for narrative verses but sometimes used in lyric poems.

22、 Originally it was pioneered by Boccaccio in the 14th century and was introduced into English by Thomas Wyatt in the 16th century. Reflections and summary writingCompare Byron with Wordsworth and then state the differences between the elder and younger generation of British Romanticists. Poem Apprec

23、iation She walks in beauty 1She walks in beauty, like the night Of cloudless climes and starry skies;And all thats best of dark and bright Meet in her aspect and her eyes:Thus mellowd to that tender light Which heaven to gaudy day denies.她走在美的光影里，如夜空一般， 皎洁无云，星光灿烂，白昼黑夜的色泽精粹， 在她的玉容秋波里交汇，凝聚成一片柔雅情调， 浓艳的

24、白昼也无法从上苍得到。2One shade the more, one ray the less, Had half impaired the nameless grace Which waves in every raven tress, Or softly lightens oer her face;Where thoughts serenely sweet express How pure, how dear their dwelling place.多一道阴影，少一抹光晕， 都会令她失却难言的风韵，美涌动于她的每一缕秀发， 温柔地映照着她的脸颊，甜蜜而安详的思绪在表达， 哦，那思想的寓

25、所纯洁而高雅。3And on that cheek, and oer that brow, So soft, so calm, yet eloquent;The smiles that win, the tints that glow, But tell of the days in goodness spent,A mind at peace with all below, A heart whose love is innocent!那面容，那眉宇， 温柔，安详，似蕴涵千言万语，那醉人的微笑，那生辉的容颜， 诉说着她在温馨中度过的芳年，宁静的心境能容下人间万象， 圣洁的心灵里珍藏着爱的琼浆。 It was written in 1814, collected in the book Hebrew Melodies. It was inspired by Mrs. Wilmot, Byrons cousin, when he saw her wearing a spangled dress. 宋玉在登徒子好色赋中写道：“增之一分太长，减之一份