初中状语从句讲解及习题附答案说课材料

1、（一）状语从句概述定义状语从句用作状语，是起副词作用的句子。田状语从句可以放在主句之前，也可以放在主句之后，时间、条件、原因和让步状语从句放在句首时需要用运尸和主句隔/。分类根据其作用可以分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、让步、方式和比较等状语从句。作用它可以修饰谓语、非谓语动词、定语、状语和整个句子。（二）状语从句详解1.时间状语从句引导词用法示例when息为当一的时候。When引导从句的谓语动词可以是延续性动词，也可以是瞬间动词。并且when有时表示“就在那时”Aliarisnotbelievedwhenhespeaksthetruth.说谎者讲真话时也没有人相信。Whenhearrive

2、s,Illcallyou.Whenyoulaughandsmile,yourbodyrelaxes.while思为仕的时候，仕的同时。While引导从句的谓语动词必须是延续性的，发生时间较长，并强调主句和从句的动作同时发生（或者相对应）。While有时还可以表示对比。WhileIwasstandingatthewindow,Isawseveralboysrunningalongthestreet.WhileJohnwaswatchingTV,hiswifewascooking.as思为一边一边。As引导的动作是延续性的，发生时间较短，一般用于主句和从句动作同时发生；as也可以强心前一后。The

3、writerwasangryashewastravellingonatraintoLondonbecausesomeonehadinvadedhisspace.Hesmiledashestoodup.after思为在一之后。表小主旬动作发生在从句动作之后。主句与从句的动作时间关系与before引导的从句相反。Withmanyhungryvisitorswaiting,donstaytoolongatyourtableafteryouhavefinished.Ifanearlyexitisnecessary,youcanleaveafterasceneisover.before意为“在之前”。引

4、导的从句不用否定形式的谓语，并且当before引导的从句位于主句之后，有时译成“就，才”。当主句用将来时，从句总是用现在时；如果before引导的从句谓语用的是过去时，则主句动词多用过去完成时，这样以便体现动作的先后。YoucantwatchTVbeforeyoufinishyourhomework.Beforeitended,thetheatrewasalmostempty.MyfatherhadleftforCanadajustbeforetheletterarrived.till意为e。一m青况r可以和until互换。如果主句中的谓语动词是瞬时动词时，必须用否定形式；如果主句中的谓语动词

5、是Shedidnevenknowthatitwasanearthquaketillshesawashaking(movingfromsidetoside)light.Thefiremanworkedveryhard延续性动词时，用肯定和否定形式都可以，但表达的意思/、同。tillthefirewasout.until意为“直。在强调句型中多用until。如果主句中的谓语动词是瞬时动词时，必须用否定形式；如果主句中的谓语动词是延续性动词时，用肯定和否定形式都可以，但表达的意思/、同。Imwaitingformysister.Iwongotoseemyuncleuntilshecomes.Wait

6、untilIfinishwhatIamdoing.since意为“自从，从以来”。引导从句的谓语动词可以是延续性的动词，也可以是瞬时动词。一般情况下，从句谓语动词用一般过去时，而主句的谓语动词用现在完成时。但在Itis+时间+since从句的句型中，主句多用一般现在时。IhavebeenstudyinghardsinceIenteredthehighschool.ItisfouryearssincemysisterlivedinBeijing.ItisfiveyearsmonthssinceourbosswasnotinBeijing.assoonas意为“一就”。引导时问状语从句时，如果主句

7、用了将来时，从句一般使用现在时。Tomwillcallmeassoonashegetshome.IwillcallyouassoonasIarrive.2.地点状语从句引导词用法示例where意为“哪里”。where引导的地点状语从句，（there+）Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.主句”“哪里哪里就主旬在从旬后面时，there可用口/、用；主句在从旬的前面时，TK都不用there.Theyweregoodpersons.Wheretheywent,theretheywerewarmlywelcomed.Youshouldhaveputthebookwhereyou

8、foundit.wherever意为“无论何地”。anywhere/wherever弓1导地点状语从句+主句。anywhere本身是个副词，但是常可以引导从句，相当于连词，思思相当于wherever,anywhere引导的从句可位于主句之前，也可以位于主句之后。而wherever本身就是个连词，表示“在何处，无论何处”。Wherevertheseais,youwillfindseaman.Illgoanywhereyougo.3.条件状语从句引导词用法示例if连词，意为“假如，如果”。当主句是将来时的时候，从句要用一般现在时。Donttalkloudlyatthemeeting.Ifyoudo

9、,youwillhavetoleave.Wellgoforapicnicifitdoesntrainthisweekend.unless连词，意为“除非（=ifnot）。当主句是将来时的时候，从句要用一般现在时。Dontdiscusstheproblemswithyourpartnerunlessyouareaskedtodoso.Iwontgothereunlessyoucomewithme.4.原因状语从句引导词用法示例as意为“因为”。引导原因状语从句时表示附带。说明“双方已知的原因”，语气比since弱，较为正式，位置较为灵活（常放于主旬之前）。Astheweatheriscold,I

10、stayathome.Asitisraining,youcbettertakeataxi.Asyouaretired,you(betterrest.since意为“因为”。引导的原因状语从句一般放于主句之前表小已知的、显然的理由（通常被翻译成“既然”），较为正式，语气比becausem。Sincetheearthlookslikeaball,thesuncanshineononlyhalfofitatatime.SincetheraceisinApril,Ihadtorunthroughoutthewinter,andinBoston,wintersarecold.Sinceeverybody

11、ishere.Letsbeginourmeeting.because意为“因为”。引导的原因状语从句一般放于主句之后，表述直接原因，语气较强，最适合why引导的疑问句。Because引导的原因状语从句肩时可以与becauseof语互换。Thewomanpreferswinterbecauseshecanskate.Idliketocollectstampsbecausetheyareinteresting.Imverytiredthesedaysbecauseofstudyingphysics.Hecantcomebecauseheisill.=Hecantcomebecauseofhisil

12、lness.for意为“因为”。引导的原因状语从句并不说明主句行为发生的直接原因，只提Hemustbeill,forheisabsenttoday.供一些辅助性的补充说明，for引导的原因状语从旬只能放于主句之后，并且必须用逗号将其与主句向力。Hecouldnothaveseenme,forIwasnotthere.5.目的状语从句引导词用法示例sothat意为“以至，以便”。目的状语的谓语常含有may,might,can,could,should,would等情态动词。Trytospeakloudenoughsothatpeoplecanhearyouclearly.Mr.Greenspea

13、ksveryloudlysothatallthepeoplecanhearhimclearly.inorderthat意为“为了”，相当于sothat.inorderto后向可以跟动词原形构成目的状语，不是目的状语从句。Weshallletyouknowthedetailssooninorderthatyoucan/maymakeaarrangements.6.结果状语从句引导词用法示例sothat意为“如此以至于so+adj./adv原级+that,so是副词，只能修饰形容词和副词。so还可与表示数年的形容词many,few,much,little（这四个形容词表示多或少时）连用，形成固定搭

14、酉己。so+many或few+复数可数名词+that;so+much或ThisyearithasrainedsoheavilyinSouthChinathatlotsofproblemsarecaused.Theiceonthelakewassothinthatpeoplecouldntskateonit.Toooften,wespendsomuchtimethinkingaboutthefuturethatwefailtoenjoythelittle+/、口数名词+that.present.TherearesofewnotebooksthatIcantgiveyouany.such.that

15、意为“如此以至于”。有三种结构：such+a(an)+adj.+单数不可数名词+that；such(+adj.)+不可数名词+that;such(+adj.)+复数可数名词+that,such是形容词，修饰名词或名词词组。有时可与so-that句型转换。Itsuchawonderfulsongthatwealllikeit.Simonissuchdishonestpersonthatnoonebelieveshim.Theboyissoyoungthathecangotoschool.=Heissuchayoungboythathecantgotoschool.7.让步状语从句引导词用法示例t

16、hough意为“虽然”。不能和but连用。但是可以同yet(still)连用，构成thoughyet(still).though较普遍，常用于非正式的口语和书面语中。even能和though组合表示强调，在这里eventhough=evenif(nomatterif;though即使也)。though可以独立用作副词，常放在何末，忌为allthesame(还是；仍然)或however(W是；然而)。Soithasliveduptonowthoughitisntstrongatall.Thoughtheyaretwinbrothers,theydontlookeachother.Evenif/E

17、venthoughwecouldaffordit,wewouldaffordit,wewouldntgoabroadforourvacation.although意为“虽然”。不能和butAlthoughhediedseveral连用。但是可以同yet(still)连用，构成althoughyet(still)although较为正式，语气比though重，常用以强调让步概念。even不能和although组合。yearsago,Icanstillrememberthedayswespenttogetherandwhathehastaughtmeaboutlove.Althoughwehadl

18、ittlefoodwithus,wedecidedtospendthenightinthecar.8.比较状语从句引导词用法示例as-as.意为“和一样”。表示同级的比较。使用时要注意第一个as为副词，第二个as为连词。具基本结构为：as+adj./adv原级+as。若有修饰成分，如twice,threetimes,half,aquarter等,则须智力第一个as之前。Sheisverygoodatpainting.Shecanpaintaswellashereteacher.Iranoutasquicklyaspossible.notas/soas意为“和不一样，不如”。也表示同级比较。Sh

19、eisnotso(as)outgoingashersister.Thisdictionaryisnotas/sousefulasyouthink.9.方式状语从句引导词用法示例as/(just)as.so意为“犹如，就像”。引导的方式状语从句通常位于主句后，但在(just)as.so结构中位于WheninRome,doastheRomansdo.Aswateristofish,soairistoman.句首，这时as从句带后比喻的含义，意为“正如，就像”，多用于正式文体。asif/asthough意为“就像，好像。两者的意义和用法相同，引出的状语从句谓语多用虚拟语气，表示与事实相反，有时也用陈

20、述语气，表示所说情况是事实或实现的可能性较大。常译作“仿佛似的，好像似的”。Ifwouldneverforgetheresmile,orthewayhereyesshoneasifwewerethesameage.Itlooksasiftheweathermaypickupverysoon.练习一一.单项填空hesold,hecanstillcarrythisheavybag.A.ThoughB.SinceC.ForD.So-Doyouknowifhetoplaybasketballwithus?-1thinkhewillcomeifhefreetomorrow.A.comes;isB.com

21、es;willbeC.willcome;isD.willcome;willbeInthezooifachildintothewaterandcantswim,thedolphinsmaycomeuphim.A.willfall;tohelpB.falls;tohelpC.willfall;helpD.falls;helpingIdontrememberheworkedinthatcitywhenhewasyoung.A.whatB.whichC.whereD.whoWewillstayathomeifmyaunttovisitustomorrow.A.comesB.comeC.willcome

22、D.iscomingThepoliceaskedthechildrencrossthestreetthetrafficlightsturnedgreen.A.not;beforeB.dont;whenC.notto;untilD.not;afterIwaslateforclassyesterdaytherewassomethingwrongwithmybike.A.whenB.thatC.untilD.becauseIllgoswimmingwithyouifIfreetomorrow.A.willbeB.shallbeC.amD.wasIntheexam,theyouare,themista

23、kesyouwillmake.A.careful;littleB.morecareful;fewestC.morecareful;fewerD.morecareful;lessYoushouldfinishyourlessonsyougoouttoplay.A.beforeB.afterC.whenD.whileIhurriedIwouldntbelateforclass.A.sinceB.sothatC.asifD.unlessWhenyoureadthebook,youdbettermakeamarkyouhaveanyquestions.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.tho

24、ughTheteacherraisedhisvoiceallthestudentscouldhearhim.A.forB.sothatC.becauseD.inorderHetookoffhiscoathefelthot.A.becauseB.asC.ifD.sinceItisthatwedliketogooutforawalk.A.alovelydayB.toolovelyadayC.solovelyadayD.suchlovelyadayMaryhadmuchworktodothatshestayedatherofficeallday.A.suchB.soC.tooD.veryIfeltv

25、erytired,Itriedtofinishthework.A.AlthoughB.BecauseC.AsD.Asifthedaywenton,theweathergotworse.A.WithB.SinceC.WhileD.Aswellyoucandrive,youmustdrivecarefully.A.SolongasB.InorderthatC.NomatterhowD.ThemomentWritetomeassoonasyoutoBeijing.A.willgetB.getC.gettingD.got二.根据中文意思完成下列英语句子不管他跟我开什么玩笑，我都不生气。Iamnotan

26、grywithhim,jokesheonme.布鲁斯太太对学生非常亲切，以至于学生把她当做母亲。MrsBrucewaskindtoherstudentstheyhertheirmother.只要我们竭尽全力，父母就会满意我们的表现。Ourparentswillbepleasedwithourperformancewetryourbest.你一到上海就给我打个电话好吗？WillyoupleasecallmeyougettoShanghai.这个七岁的女孩酷爱钢琴，以至于他已经坚持练习两年了。Theseven-year-oldgirllikesplayingthepianoshehaskeptpr

27、acticingfortwoyears.虽然她很忙，他还坚持自学英语。,shekeptonlearningEnglishbyherself.他长大后相当一名记者。Hewantstobeajournalist.无论刮风下雨，我们的老师总是第一个到校。windyorrainy,ourteacherisalwaysthefirsttogettoschool.如果人人为保护环境做出贡献，世界将会变得更美好。toprotectingtheenvironment,theworldwillbecomemuchmorebeautiful.李明昨天没来上学，因为他病了。LiMingdidntcometoscho

28、ol.练习二Themeetingdidntstart_everyonewasthere.A.becauseB.untilC.whyD.if.Theboy_tobed_hismothercamein.A.wentnot;untilB.didntgo;afterC.went;untilD.didntgo;untilIwontbelieveyou_Ihaveseenitwithmyowneyes.A.beforeB.untilC.afterD.when.He_home_shewassatisfied_hisansweryesterday.A.didntgo;until;withB.wasntgo;a

29、fter;toC.doesntgo;before;withD.didntgo;until;to.He_backuntilthework_done.A.isnt;willbeB.isnt;isC.wontbe;willbeD.wontbe;is.Theydidntstartthework_theirteachercameback.A.untilB.whileC.assoonasD.ifTomwillcallmeassoonashe_Shanghai.A.arrivesB.willreachC.arrivesinD.gettoImsurehellcometoseemebeforehe_Beijin

30、g.A.willleaveB.isleavingC.leaveD.leavesIwilltellhimthenewsassoonashe_back.A.comeB.comesC.willcomeD.cameTomhasgotawatch.He_itfortwoyears.Itbyhisfather.A.hasbought;wasboughtB.hasgot;isbought,C.wasbought;hasbought.D.hashad;wasboughtWhenhegottothestation,thetrain_.A.leftB.hadleftC.leavesD.hasleftTheboyt

31、oldhisfatherwhathe_inthestreet.A.sawB.haveseenC.hadseenD.seeWe_TVwhenthetelephone.A.watched;wasringingB.werewatching;rangC.watch;ringsD.arewatching;rangBytheendoflastterm,I_tenbooks.A.hadfinishedreadingB.havefinishreadingC.hadfinishtoreadD.finishreadI_youforalongtime.Where_you_?A.didntsee;did;goB.di

32、dntsee;have;goneC.haventseen;have;beenD.haventseen;have;goneTom_Chinafor3years.A.hasbeenB.hasbeeninC.hasbeentoD.hasbeenatIwontgotoseethefilmtonight,becauseI_myticket.A.lostB.havelostC.willloseD.didntlose-Hello!MayIspeaktoBob?-Sorry,buthe_foramonth.A.hadbeenawayB.wasleftC.leftD.hasbeenawayI_himsinceI

33、begantoliveinthecity.A.knowB.haveknownC.knewD.willknowZhaoLan_already_inthisschoolfortwoyears.A.was;studyingB.will;studyC.has;studiedD.are;studyingBettydidntgotoseethefilmyesterday_shewasill.A.becauseB.butC.untilD.ifMayIsitnearer_Icanseemoreclearly?A.asifB.sothatC.evenifD.so_youworkhard,youwillcerta

34、inlysucceed.A.ThoughB.IfC.BecauseD.For_hecametostudyintheuniversity,hehasmademuchprogressinthestudyofEnglish.A.WhileB.WhenC.SinceD.AfterIdliketogoswimmingthewaterisnottoocold.A.forB.unlessC.ifD.whetherThereare_manyleaguemembersinclass2_inClass4.A.both;andB.so;thatC.either;orD.as;as-Doyouhaveabiglibr

35、ary?-No,wedont.Atleast,not_yours.A.asbigasB.asbigthanC.asbiggerthanD.biggerasSuzhouisnotbeautifulHangzhou.A.as;thanB.so;asC.even;thanD./;thanIronismoreuseful_anyothermetal.A.asB.thanC.thenD.soIwanttoknow_sheisgoingtoseeafilm.A.ifB.thatC.whatD.whichYouaresuretopasstheexam_youstudyhard.A.ifB.thoughC.thatD.sinceIllgotoseethefilmwithyou_Ihavetimethisevening.A.whetherB.soC.ifD.when_youstudyharder,youllneverpassth