2014年职称英语考试卫生类级试题及答案

1、2014 年度英语等级卫生类（B 级）试题第 1 部分：词汇选项（第 115 题，每题 1 分，共 15 分）下面每个句子中均有 1 个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定 1 个意义最为接近的选项。1.After wards there was just a feeling of let-down.A. excitement B. anger C. Calm D. disappoment2.The committee was asked to render a report on the housing situationA.copy B. furnish C. publish D. s

2、ummariza3.The curriculum was too narrow and too rigidA.hidden B.inflexible C.traditiona D.offil4.He led a very moral lifeA.honourab.human C.elligent D.natural5.The majority of people around here are decentA.real B.honest C.normal D.wealthy6.His knowledge of French is fairA.very useful B.very limited

3、 C.quite good D.rather spel7.The group does not advocate the use ofA.limit B.regalate C.support D.ope8.The worst agonies of the war were now beginningA. pains B. parts C. aspects D. results9.It was anight until the spell was brokenA.time B.charm C.space D.opportunity10.They are trying to identify wh

4、at is wrong with the present systemA. prove B. discover C. consider D. imagine11.Several windows had been smashedA.cleaned B.replaced C.broken D.fixed12.She feltt she had done her good deed for the dayA.B. act C. justice D. m13.London quickly became a flourishing portA.major B.large C.sucsfulmerl14.

5、His profesal career spanned 16 yearsA.stareed B.changed C.moved D.lasted15.His stomach felt hollow with fearA. empty B. sincere C. respectful D. terrible参考：DBBAD CCABB CBA(D)DA第 2 部分：阅读判断（第 1622 题，每题 1 分，共 7 分）下面的短文后列出了 7 个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C.S

6、ome Schooling on BackpacksAccording to the U.S. Consumroduct Safety Commis. 5.900 kids were treatedat hospital emergency rooms, clinics, and doctorsoffilast year for sprians(扭伤)andstrains caused by backpacks. Such injunes are so widespreadt moren 70 percentof physins as a potential clinical problem

7、for children.ve wide, padded straps(有垫How do you avoid such problems? Choose bags的背带)and a belt.t will help transfer some of the weight from the back andshoulders to the hips. You should also tighten both straps firmly, so the pack rests about 2inches above your waist. Also, remember to pack your ba

8、g with the heaviest items closestto your back and to bend botees when you pick it up.I low much should you stuffo your pack?t depends on your size and strength,but a general rule is not to exceed 20 percent of your body weight. So if a child weights100 pounds, the backpack and its load should not be

9、 moren 20 pounds. One h:Make frequent trips to your locker(储物柜)to exchange books betn classes.Backpacks with wheels let you pull the weight along the ground,but they haveproblems too. Many are largern the average shoulder bag, so students are tempted tocarry moren they would in a conventional pack.R

10、oller bags often dont fito a locker. They cso lead to tripand falls incrowded halls. Whatever you use. 10 or 15 minutes of stretching and back strengtheningis a good idea.16.About six thousand Americids were injured by carrying backpacks last year.A . Right B . Wrong C . Not mentioned17. 70 percent

11、of UK physins have treated children with sprains and strains.A . Right B . Wrong C . Not mentioned18. Backpacks with wide, padded straps and a belt can help to avoid problems ofsprains and strains.A . Right B . Wrong C . Not mentioned19. A 100-pound child should carry a backpack of moren 20 pounds.A

12、 . Right B . Wrong C . Not mentioned20. Children should put all the booksheir lockers.A . Right B . Wrong C . Not mentioned21. Roller bags tend to be heaviern ordinary backpacks.A . Right B . Wrong C . Not mentioned22. A 10-15 minutesexercise will help you bear a heavier backpack.A . Right B . Wrong

13、 C . Not mentioned参考：BBABBCA第 3 部分：概括大意与完成句子（第 2330 题，每题 1 分，共 8 分）下面的短文后有 2 项测试任务：（1）第 2326 题要求从所给的 6 个选项中为第 25 段每段选择 1 个最佳标题；（2）第 2730 题要求从所给的 6 个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。Aromatherapy(芳香疗法)1 Aromatherapy is a form of alternative medicine which is based on the use of veryconcentrated essential oils from th

14、e flowers, leaves, bark, branches or roots of plantswhich are considered to have healing properties. In aromatherapy theseerful oils aremixed with other oils, such as almond(杏仁)oil, or they are diluted(稀释)with water. These solutions(溶液剂)can be rubbed on the skin, sprayed in the air, or appd as acomp

15、ress(敷药)。2 Many people have aromatherapy massages(),and depending on thetreatmentrson is having, the aromathewill massage the oilo the hands orshoulders. The massage is smooth and flowing, as it is designed to create a sense ofrelaxation and calm. The sess are tailored to the individuals healndood a

16、t thetime, so every sesis unique.3 Praioners of aromatherapy bevet the aroma of the essential oils directlystimulates the brain ort the oils are absorbed through the skino the bloodstream,where they can affect the whoody and promote healing. Other claims in support ofaromatherapy aret it aids digest

17、ion, improves the functioning of respiratory system,redumuscular aches and pains, and promotes muscle relaxation and tone. Is alsobeen arguedt aromatherapy can improve circulation, lower blood prere, and helpcombat insomnia(失眠) and other stress-related disorders such as tenheadaches,anxiety, and mil

18、d depres.4 However, while aromatherapy may have real effectst promote a sense ofwell-being, some traditional medicine practitioners remain doubtful about itsers.While research has confirmedt aromatherapy does have someitive short-termeffects on most people, it also suggestst aromatherapy is not an a

19、ctual science ormedicinet should be used to treat illness. Furthermore, not all aromatherapy isconsidered benefil to health. There are precautions which should be taken beforehaving aromatherapy because some oils can have negative effects on people with certainmedical conditions. The study of aromat

20、herapy is relatively new and unexplored. Moreresearch needs to be conducted to make scientifics about its use and effects.Paragraph 1Paragraph 2Paragraph 3A. Doubts about the benefits aromatherapyB.roduction to aromatherapyC.alized aromatherapy massageD. Different views about aromatherapyE. Aromathe

21、rapy and conventional medicineF. Current researcho aromatherap27. Aromatherapy is a mixture oil from parts of the plants to .28. The sess of aromatherapy massages are designed to _.29. Aromatherapy is beved to in various ways.30. The used and benefits of aromatherapy need to .A. have healing effects

22、B. be used externallyC. be promotedD. help the disabledE. be further exploredF. suit different people参考：23-26：BCDA27-30：AFBE第 4 部分：阅读理解（第 3145 题，每题 3 分，共 45 分）下面有 3 篇短文，每篇短文后有 5 道题。请根据短文回答其后面的问题，为每题确定一个最佳。第一篇Approaches to Understanding elligenIt bays to be smart, but we are not all smarthe same way

23、.You may be a talentedmusin, but you might not be a good reader. Each of us is different.26. Paragraph 4Psychologists disagree about what iselligence and what are talents oralabilities .Psychologists have two different views onelligence .Some beve there is onegeneralelligence .Others beve there are

24、many differentelligen.Some psychologists say there is one type ofelligencet can beeasured withIQ tests .These psychologistpport their view with researcht concludest peoplewho do well on one kind of test for mental ability do well on other tests .They do well ontests using words, numbers or pictures.

25、 They do well on individualroup tests, andwritten or oral tests .Those who do poorly on one test, do the same on all tests.Studies of the brain showt there is a biological basis feneralelligence .Thebrain ofelligence people use less energy during problem solving .The brain waves ofpeople with higher

26、elligenhow a quicker reaction .Some researchers concludetdiffereninelligence result from differenhe speed and effectiveness ofinformation prosing by the brain .Howard Gardner, a psychologisthe Harvard School of Education, has fourchildren .He bevest all children are different and shouldnt be tested

27、by oneelligence test .Although Gardner beves generalelligence exists, he doesnt think itls much about the talents ofrson outside of formal schooling .He thinkt thehuman mind has differentelligen.Theseelligenallow us to solve the kinds ofproblems we are presented with in life .Each of us has differen

28、t abilities withheseelligen.Gardner bevest the pure of school should be to encouragedevelopment of all of ourelligen.Gardner sayst his theory is based on biology .For example ,when one part of theBrain is injured ,otharts of the brain still work .People who cannot talk because ofBrain damage can sti

29、ll sing .So ,there is not just oneelligence to lose .Gardner hasIdentified 8 different kinds ofelligence; linguistic, mathematical, spatial, musical,rrsonal, body-kinesthetic(身体动觉的),and naturalistic .ersonal,31. What is the main idea of this passage?A . The importance ofelligenceB . The development

30、ofelligence testsC . How to understandelligenceD . How toeelligent32. Which of the following sements is true concerning generalelligence?A . Mostelligent people do well on someelligence testsB .elligent people do not do well on group testsC .elligent people do better on written testsn on oral testsD

31、 . Peopleng well on one type ofelligence test do well on other tests33. Gardner bevetA . all children are alikeB . children have differentelligenC . children should take oneelligence testD . there is no generalelligence34. According to Gardner schools shouldA . promote development of allelligenB . t

32、est students who do poorly on testsC . train students who do poorly on testsD . focus on finding the mostelligent students35. Gardner thinkst his theory has aA . musical foundationB .rrsonal foundationC . linguistic foundationD . biological foundation参考：CDBAD第二篇The Workers RoleanagementTraditionally

33、， it has been the workers role to workand managementsrole tomanage. Managers have planned and directed the firms operations with little thought toconsulting the labor force. Managers have rarely felt compelled to obtain the workerss to their employees. At most， companies haveopinions or to explain t

34、heir deciprovided “suggestion boxes” in which workers could place ideas for improving procedures.In recent years， however， many management spelists have been arguingtworkers are moren sellers of labor-they have a vital stakehe company and may beable to make significant contributions to its managemen

35、t. Furthermore， major companydecis profoundly affect workers and their dependents. This is particularly true ofplant closings， whiay put thousands on the unemployment lines. Should workers，then play a stronger roleanagement?Workers should have a roleanagement. At the very least the labor forhouldbe

36、informed of major policy decis. (A common complaamong r-and-fileworkers is the lack of information about company policies and actions.)Betn 1980and 1985 about five million workers were the victims of plant closings and permanentlayoffs， often with no warning.east 90 daysnotice ought to be given in s

37、uchinstansot workers have time to adjust. Management should consult workersbefore closing a plant because the workers might be able to suggest ways of improvingproductivity and reducing costs and might be willing to make const will helpkeep the plant operating.It shoulde a general practice to includ

38、e workers in some managerial decimaking. There ought to be represenives of the workers on the firms board of directorsor other major policymaking groups. If r-and-file workers are given a voice in theplanning and management of the work flow， they will help to make improvements， their morale will ris

39、e， and their productivity will increase. As a further incentive they must be given a share in the companys profits. This can be done through employee stockownership plans， bonuses， or rewards for efficiency and productivity. Finally， when a plant can no longer operate at a profit， the workers should

40、 be given theopportunity to purchase the plant and run it themselves.36. It can be inferred from Paragraph 1t managersA . were not qualifiedB . seldom obtain workers opinionC . dislike suggestion workers opinionsD . never consulted the tapor torce37. In recent years，many management spelists have bee

41、n arguing theyA . should have a sayanagement of the companyB . are no longer sellers of the productsC . are less affected by company decisn beforeD . are able to make final decis for the company38. The word r-file Paragraph 2 is closesteaning toA . seniorB . ordinaryC .elligentD . capable39. Accordi

42、ng to the passage，whappened betn 1980 and 1985A . About five million workers were laid off without advance noticeB . Managers consulted workers before closing a plantC . Workers did not make nesary conD . Many companies were closed because of strikesanagerial decimaking，workers40. If not give a voic

43、eA . may lack the incentive to increase their productivityB . cannot get a sharehe companys profitsC . can still get bonuses for efficiency and productivityD . will nove the opportunity to purchase the plant参考：BABAA第三篇Obesity(肥胖)he Western WorldObesity is ralying a new scourge of the western world,

44、delegates agreed atthe 11th European Conference on the ie in Vienna Wednesday to Saturday. Accordingto sements before the opening of the conference of 2,000 spelists from moren 50 countries 一 1. 2 billion people worldwide are overweight, and 250 million areobese.Professor Bernhard Ludvik of Vienna G

45、eneral Hospital said，“ Obesity is a chronicillness. In Germany，20 per cent of the people are already affected，but in Japan only oneper cent. ” But he saidt there was hope for sufferersnks to the new scientificdiscoveries and medication.Professor Friedrich Hopichler of Salzberg said, We are livinghe

46、new age (but)with the metabolism(新陈代谢) of a stone-age man “I have just been to the UnitedSes. It is really terrible. A pizza shop is springing up on every co er. We have beenoverrun by fast food and Coca-Cola-ization. ”Many of the experts stressedt obesity was a potential killer. Hopichler said,“Eig

47、hty percent of all diabetics are obese，also fifty per cent of all patients with highdie(脂肪的) tiblood prere and fifty per cent wie complas. ” Ten per centmore weight means thirteen per cent more risk of heart disease. Reducing ones weightby ten per cent leads to thirteen per cent lower blood prere. ”

48、Another expert Hermann Toplak saidt the se health servishould improvetheir financing of preventive programs. Though the health insurance pays for surgery(such as reducing the size of the stomach) when the body-mass index is moren 40.t is equivalent to a weight of 116 kilograms for a height of 1.70 m

49、eters. One shouldstart earr. ”Ludvik saidt prevention should begin in school. “ Child obesity (fat deits)correlates(与相关) with the time which children spend in front of TV sets. ”The consequenwere only apparent later on. No moren fifteen per cent ofobese people lived to the average life expectancy fo

50、r their population group.41.Which of the following is true about obesiA. People in Japan neednt worry about obesity.B. Obesity is a diseaset lasts for a long time.C.20% of the peoplehe world are overweight.D.Obesity should be cured with new medication42. Which of the following does Prof. Friendrich

51、Hopichlrobably agree?A. Diabetes is mainly caused by obesity.B. 50% of patients with high blood prere complained about obesity.C. The fast foodd in American pizza shops is tasess.D. The moreeights, the more likely he is to suffer from heart disease.43.Hermann Toplak suggestedt more money should be s

52、pent on.A. health insuranceB. preventive programsC. se health serviD. obesity-related surgeries44.Which of the following is most oftenpanied by obesity?A. DiabetesB. High blood prereC. StomachacheD. Adie tie complas”he last paragraph result from people.45.”The consequenA. reducing their weightB. eat

53、ing fast foodC. getting obeseD. spending too much time in front of TV sets参考：BDBAC第 5 部分：补全短文（第 4650 题，每题 2 分，共 10 分）下面的短文有 5 处空白；短文后有 6 个句子，其中 5 个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。The Day a Language DiedWhen Carios Westez died at the age of 76. A language died, too.Westez, morecommonly known as Red Td

54、er Cloud,was the last speaker of the Native Americanlanguage Catawba.Anyho wants to hear the songs of the Catawba can contact theSmithsonian Institution in Washington, D.C., where, back in the 1940s, Red TderCloud recorded a series ogs for future generations.（46）They are all t is leftof the Catawba

55、language. The language t people used to speak is gone forever.We are all aware of the dangert modern industry can cause the worlds ecology（生态）.However,few people are aware of the impact widely spoken languages have on other languages and ways of life. English has spread all over the world. Chi, Span

56、ish,Russian, and Hindi haveeerful languages as well. As these languagesemore erful, their use as tools of business and culture increases. As well,（47）When this happens, dreds of languages t are spoken by only a few die out.Scholars beve there are around 6,000 languages around the world, but more nha

57、lf of them could die out withhe next 100 years. There are many examples,Araki is athe language of the island of Vanuatu, located he Pacific Ocean.It is spoken by only afew older adults，so like Catawba，Araki will soon disappear. Many languages of ethiopiawill have the same fate because each one has o

58、nly a few speakers. （48）heAmericas, 100 languages, each of which has fewer n 300 speakers, are dying out.Red Tder Cloud was one of the to recognize the danger of language deandto try to do something about it. He was not actually born o the Catawba tribe, and thelanguage was not his mother tongue. （4

59、9）. The songs he sang for the Smithsonian Institution helped to make Native American music popular. Now he is gone, and the language is dead.What does it mean for the rest of us when a language disappears?When a plant, insect,or animal species dies, it is easy to understand whas been lost and to for

60、 the balance of the natural word. However, language is only a product of the mind. To be the last remaining speaker of a language，like Red Tder，must be culiarly lonely destiny, almost as strange and terrible as being the last surviving member of a dying species.（50）A . Some people might want to lear