中考英语复习专题名词课件

1、中考专题复习（1）名词Unit 6听短文填写表格（上册p44 1c）New Years (1) _Lucy Shes going to learn to play the piano.She is going to (2) _.KimHes going to study hard and (3) _ every day.MikeHes going to make (4)_ .Hes going to (5) _ this summer.take piano lessonsdo his homeworkthe soccer teamgo to a soccer campresolutions普通

2、名词专有名词（人名、地名）名词概念：表示其特定的名称，如人名、地名、星期、月份等。e.g.迈克 中国星期三 十月一、专有名词Mike ChinaWednesdayOctober注意：首写字母要大写一般情况下专有名词前都不加冠词由几个普通名词构成的专有名词前很多要加定冠词。e.g. 美国 the United States 长江 the Yangtze River姓氏名如果采用复数形式,则表示该姓氏一家人(复数含义),如：the Greens( 格林一家人)。记忆口诀：中日不变,英法变,其余后面s添.ChineseJapaneseFrenchmanFrenchwomanEnglishmanEng

3、lishwomanAmericanGerman各国人变复数：AmericansGermansChineseJapaneseFrenchmenFrenchwomenEnglishmenEnglishwomen二、普通名词普通名词通常指人、物、概念等的一般名称。事实上，除了专有名词外，其余的名词都可以叫普通名词。如：boy, pen, teacher, water, idea, cloudy, money等。有少数的普通名词与专有名词词形相同，只是用作普通名词时第一个字母用小写，而用作专有名词时第一个字母用大写。He saw the best china in China. 他在中国见到了最好的瓷

4、器。可数名词不可数名词 名词的数可数名词变复数1.规则变化 (1) 一般在复数名词后加“s” * dog dogs * book books (2) 以s、x、ch、sh结尾的名词加“es” *box boxes *watch watches ch 发 /k/ 时加s，如：stomach(s)(3)以辅音字母加y结尾的名词,变y为i加“es” /iz/ * country countries * factory factories 注意：如果是元音字母加y 结尾的名词则只须加“s” * boy boys holiday-holidays * monkey monkeys toy - toys

5、(4) 以f、fe 结尾的名词,部分变f、fe 为v再加“es”妻子( )用小刀( )杀死了狼( )和贼( )，自己( )放在架子( )上，并用一半( )叶子( )盖住。wifeknife wolf thiefselfshelfhalfleaf (5) 以o 结尾的名词,部分加“ es”英雄（ ）爱吃土豆( )黑人（ ）爱吃西红柿（ ）heropotato Negrotomato 6. 名词作定语时，一般用单数西红柿面 tomato noodles 苹果树 apple trees男学生 boy students 女学生 girl studentsman和woman 作定语时，则两个名词同时变复

6、数e.g. 男教师 man teacher - men teachers 女教师 woman teacher - women teachers2.不规则变化 (1)单复数同形sheepsheep fish fishfish用法：不可数，鱼肉可数鱼的条数，单复数同形鱼的种类，复数为fishes (2)变元音字母oo为ee tooth teeth foot feet (3).变a为 e man men woman women policeman policemen (4).常以复数形式出现的名词 people clothes shoes trousers glasses scissors 这些名词

7、作主语时，注意它们的谓语用复数 My clothes are newer than yours. (5).其他特殊变化 mouse mice child - children不可数名词情况方法例词 具体的量数词+表数量的名词+of+不可数名词a piece of paper一张纸；three kilos of rice三公斤大米 大概的量表示量的限定词+不可数名词(用much, a little, a lot of等表示)some water 一些水； a lot of money 很多钱 名词可数名词不可数名词chicken小鸡鸡肉glass玻璃杯玻璃paper报纸、文件纸room房间空间t

8、ime次数、倍数时间wood树林木头、木材work作品工作 既可作可数也可作不可数： 1. The students of Grade 7 visited Mikes farm and saw many _ there.A. birdB. duckC. sheepD. rabbit2. John bought _ for himself yesterday. He liked them very much. A. two pairs of shoes B. two pair of shoesC. two pairs of shoe D. two pair of shoe跟踪训练： 3. The

9、re are two _ in his class. They are learning Chinese now. A. Japanese B. AmericanC. Australian D. German4. We should take our teachers _ and make full use of _ to study.A. advices; times B. advice; timeC. advice; times D. advices; time跟踪训练：1.A good life style helps us stay in _ (健康).2. If you want t

10、o lose _ wet, youd better not eat too much _ mi:t.3. Eating too many _ dz:ts is bad for our _ (牙齿).health weight meat dessertsteeth s所有格类别构成方法举例有生命的单数名词加smy sons pen 我儿子的钢笔有生命的复数名词以s结尾加Teachers Day 教师节不以s结尾加sChildrens Day 儿童节 名词所有格表示时间、距离、国家等的名词单数加san hours walk一小时的路程复数加ten days holiday十天的假期表示几个人共同拥

11、有在最后一个名词后加sMike and Johns desk迈克和约翰的书桌表示每个人各自拥有在每个名词后加sMikes and Johns desks迈克的和约翰的书桌 【易错点提醒】名词所有格后跟表示住宅、学校、店铺、诊所等名词时，这些表示住宅、学校、店铺、诊所等的名词习惯上被省略。如：the Greens格林夫妇的家， at the doctors在诊所里。of所有格（1）表示无生命事物的名词一般用of所有格。如：满月的形状 好运的象征 （2）of所有格有时也可以用于人或有生命的东西，表示所属关系，特别是当这些所有者有较长的定语时。如：the name of the brave youn

12、g man这个勇敢的年轻人的名字in the shape of a full moona symbol of good luck双重所有格 （1）of+名词sa photo of my brothers我弟弟的一张照片（2）of+名词性物主代词。 a new friend of mine我的一个新朋友注意：双重所有格和一般所有格意义不同。如：a photo of Marys照片属于玛丽，但照片上的人不一定是玛丽；a photo of Mary照片上的人是玛丽本人。跟踪训练1. This _ chair is not stable, so it has to be repaired.A. thr

13、ee leg B. three-legC. three-legs D. three legs2. Where is Tom?-He has gone to the _.A. teacher B. teachers C. teachers D. teachers3. Lucy is _ sister. A. Mary and Jack B. Marys and Jacks C. Mary and Jacks D. Mary and Jacks4. Its _from our school to my home.A. ten minutes walk B. ten minutes walkC. t

14、en minute walk D. ten minutes walk名词作主语时和谓语之间的单复数的一致问题易出错点：1、集体名词(如family, class, team, group, police, school等)做句子主语时,如果表示整体概念,则谓语用单数形式我们的家族很大。My family is very big.如果表示其中的所有成员时,则谓语用复数形式我们一家人经常一起去爬山。My family often climb mountains together.2、Chinese, Japanese, fish, sheep, people等表示单个时谓语用单数,表示许多时,谓语

15、用复数。院子里有只绵羊。There is a sheep in the yard.院子里有一些绵羊。 There are some sheep in the yard.3.maths, news, physics等虽然有s结尾,但不是复数,因此谓语仍用单数：这个消息令人兴奋。The news is very exciting. 物理其实没有我们认为的那么难。In fact, physic is not as difficult as we think.4、主语中含有with的短语时,谓语单复数由with之前的人物决定。一名妇女带着两个孩子那时就站在路边。A woman with two chi

16、ldren was standing at the side of the road at that time. 5.eitheror或者 neithernor连接两个人物做句子主语时,谓语采用就近原则。要么是你对,要么是他对。Either you or he is right. 她和我都不打算去那里。Neither she nor I am going there.6.表示一段时间或长度概念的复数名词做主语时,谓语一般用单数。两个月不是个短时间。Two months is not a short time.两千千米是相当长的一段距离 。Two thousand kilometers is q

17、uite a long distance.( )1. -Do you know the _ of Senior High School Entrance Examination（中考）? -Yes. Its from June 17 to June 19.way B. date C. place D. name( )2. -Should the government develop the economy（经济）or protect the environment first? -Well, its really _.old habits die hard a piece of cakeC.

18、no place like homeD. between a rock and a hard place旧习难改小菜一碟在家千日好，出门一时难两难的抉择3. We can do the work better with _ money and _ people. A. less, fewer B. fewer, less C. little, little D. few, few 4. These are _ sweaters.Lucy and Lilys B. Lucys and LilysC. Lucys and Lily D. Lucy and Lily5. Im afraid there is no_ for you in my car.A. place B. room C. floor D. position我们正在阻止人口数量的增