英语：unit1《friendship》period two精品学案(新人教版必修1)

1、英语：Unit1FriendshipPeriod Two 精品学案（新人教版必修1）Period TwoLearning about Language直接引语和间接引语(一)当我们用引号引出别人的原话时，被引用部分称为直接引语；当我们间接地把别人的意思转述出来时，被转述的部分称为间接引语，我们可以通过口诀来掌握直接引语变间接引语的方法。1陈述句直接引语变为间接引语的口诀：去掉引号加 that,人称变化要灵活；主从时态要一致，状语变化要明确；客观规律永不变，动词变化有一个。(1)He said，“Im going to seea film this afternoon.”He said that

2、 he was going to see afilm that afternoon.(2)Jack said to me, “I have waited for you for along time.”Jack told methat he had waited for me for along time.(3)Theteacher said to us，“Wewill have an English party next week.”Theteacher told us that wewould have an English party thenext week.2直接引语与间接引语时态变

3、化对照一览表直接引语一般现在时现在进行时现在完成时间接引语一般过去时过去进行时过去完成时一般过去时过去完成时一般将来时过去完成时过去完成时过去将来时【提醒】下列情况下，直接引语变间接引语时时态不变。(1)直接引语如果陈述的是客观事实或真理，当其变为间接引语时，不管主句用什么时态，间接引语的时态都不变。Theteacher told the students，“Theearth goes around the sun”Theteacher told thestudents that the earth goes around thesun.(2)直接引语中有明确的表示过去时间的状语时，变间接引语

4、时，其时态仍保持过去时。Thegirl said，“I was born in Hong Kong in 1990.”Thegirl said that shewas born in Hong Kong in 1990.(3)主句的谓语动词是一般现在时或将来时，变间接引语时，时态通常不变。Theold gentleman often says，“Timeis life.”Theold genteman often says that time is life.3指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化一览表直接引语this 这these 这些now 现在today 今天yesterday 昨天

5、tomorrow 明天间接引语that 那those 那些then 那时，当时that day 那天the day before 前一天the next (following)day 第二天tonight 今晚last week 上周next week 下周two weeks ago 两周前the day before yesterday前天the day after tomorrow后天here 这里come 来bring 带来that night 那天晚上the week before 前一周the next week 第二周two weeks before 两周前two days bef

6、ore 两天前two days later 两天后there 那里go 去take 拿走4.人称代词的变化(1)“一随主”。若直接引语中有第一人称，变间接引语时应与主句中主语的人称相一致。(2)“二随宾”。若直接引语中有第二人称，变间接引语时应与主句中宾语的人称相一致。(3)“第三人称不更新”。直接引语中的第三人称变间接引语时不需要变化。5疑问句直接引语变间接引语(1)直接引语为一般疑问句，变成间接引语时，常用 if 或 whether 引导，引述动词用 asked, 没有间接宾语的可以加一个间接宾语 me，him 等。He asked me, “Are you good at English

7、？”He asked me if/whether I was good at English.(2)反意疑问句变间接引语时，只能用 whether 来引导。(3)特殊疑问句变间接引语时，用原句中的疑问词作连词，将句子改为陈述语序。Theteacher asked theboy，“Why are you late again？”Theteacher asked theboy why hewas late again.I asked her，“When did you comehere？”I asked her when shehad been there.6直接引语变间接引语时，还要注意几种特殊

8、情况：(1)陈述句由直接引语变为间接引语时，如果有两个或两个以上的宾语从句并列时，仅能省略第一个 that，其余的均不可省略。He said，“I want to visit the Great Wall，and my father will go with me then.”He said (that) hewanted to visit the Great Wall and that his father would go with him then.(2)直接引语是祈使句时，变间接引语时常变为 ask/tell/order sb. to do sth.句型。如果是以 lets开头的祈使句

9、，则通常变为 suggest doing 或 suggestthat 从句。“Do it again.”the teacher said to us.Theteacher told us to do it again.(3)直接引语中有 when，since，while 引导的从句，在变为间接引语时，只改变主句的时态，从句的时态不变。(4)如果在当地转述，here 不必变为 there，come 不必变为 go；如果在当天转述，则 today，yesterday，tomorrow 等时间状语也不必变化。(5)有的疑问句并非提出疑问，而是表示请求、建议、劝告等意义。引述这类疑问句时，通常用“as

10、k/advise/want宾语不定式”的结构，表示建议时，通常用“suggest动名词”等结构。Mr. Green asked，“Shall wego to Beijing to watch theOlympic Games？”Mr. Green suggested going to Beijing to watch theOlympic Games.及时反馈.句型转换1He said to me，“I brokeyour CD player yesterday.”He told me that he had broken my CD player the day before .2He sa

11、id to me，“What can I do for you？”He asked me what hecould do for me .3He said，“I havent seen thesechildren by now.”He said that he hadnt seen those children by then .4He asked me，“Can I go to see her tomorrow？”He asked me if he could go to see her the next day .把下列直接引语变为间接引语或间接引语变为直接引语1“Weve lived therefor two years，”hetold me.He_told_me_that_they_had_lived_there_for_two_years.2“I was herea few weeks ago，”shesaid.She_said_she_had_been_there_a_few_weeks_before.3“I went to university in the 1960s，”Wang Hua told his students.Wang_Hua_told_his_students_that_she/he_w