新视野大学英语第3册unit2课件

1、 NHCE-BIII-Unit 2MENUIron and the Effects of Exercise NHCE-BIII-Unit 2 II: PreviewMENU2. Health Food Recommended NHCE-BIII-Unit 2 II: PreviewMENU1. tomato :Vc,含的西红柿红素，能够大幅减少罹患多种癌症的机率 2. spinach :富含丰实的铁及维他命B，能够有效防止罹患血管方面疾病，并能预防盲眼症，一杯菠菜只有四十一个卡路里，完全没有热量，爱美的女士可以安心食用 3. nut :它不仅可以提供好的胆固醇，并能降低血液中的三酸甘油脂，是预

2、防心脏病的最佳配方 4. oats每天食用燕麦可以减低胆固醇，研究并发现，燕麦也可以降低血压，它所含的丰富纤维会使人很快就有饱腹的感觉，如此一来可以减少摄取其它油腻的食品，达到控制体重的目的。 NHCE-BIII-Unit 2 II: PreviewMENU5. garlic虽然吃了大蒜“口气”令人退避三舍，但大蒜却有极佳的防治心脏疾病的功能，不仅可以降低胆固醇，并有清血的效用，杀菌功能也使大蒜备受科学家强力推荐8. blueberry在所有蔬果中拥有极高的抗氧化剂，除了可以预防心脏病和癌症，并能增进脑力，好处多多。 9. green tea经常饮用绿茶可以预防癌症，在大陆进行的研究也发现，每

3、天食用绿茶的民众罹患胃癌、食道癌及肝癌的机率较低，日本的研究也发现，每天喝十杯绿茶，可以减少罹患心脏病的风险 10. red wine酿酒用的葡萄皮有丰富的抗氧化剂，能够增加好的胆固醇，减少血管硬化，但要注意的是，饮用红酒千万也不能过量，否则弄巧成拙，反而罹患乳癌、引发中风，得不偿失，每周不能超过数杯。 NHCE-BIII-Unit 2MENUIron and the Effects of Exercise NHCE-BIII-Unit 2 III: Leading-in MENU4. Sayings about Health1) Happiness lies, first of all, i

4、n health. 幸福首先在于有健康的身体。 G. W. Curtis2) Early to bed and early to rise, makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise. 早睡早起，使人健康、富有、明智。 Benjamin Franklin3) Cheerfulness is the best promoter of health.快乐最利于健康。 Thomas Alva Addison NHCE-BIII-Unit 2 III: Leading-in MENU4) 每天锻炼一小时，健康工作五十年，幸福生活一辈子。 To exercise for

5、 an hour every day, in order to have good health to work fifty years and enjoy the whole life. 5) 发展体育运动，增强人民体质。 Promote physical culture so as to build up the peoples health.6) 全国性的“全民健身活动” thenationwide “fitness-for-all” sportscampaign NHCE-BIII-Unit 2MENUIron and the Effects of ExerciseMENU NHCE-

6、BIII-Unit 2 IV: Section A-Text consumerespectivelyplussufficientselectderiveinterfereremedy3. Key Words MENU NHCE-BIII-Unit 2 IV: Section A-Text 1) consume vt: 这些新型空调中有的比旧型的少耗电70。Some of the new air conditioners consume 70 percent less electricity than the old models.eat or drink 吃，喝use, esp. in lar

7、ge amounts 消耗，花费MENU NHCE-BIII-Unit 2 IV: Section A-Text consumer n. 消费者，用户consumption n. 消费，消费量Consumption CPI=Consumption Price Indextime-consuming 费时的consumer goods 消费品consumer research 市场调查petrol consumption. 耗油量MENU NHCE-BIII-Unit 2 IV: Section A-Text 2) respectively ad:They are eating bread an

8、d crisps respectively.他们各自吃着面包和薯片。separately or in turn 分别地，各自地MENU NHCE-BIII-Unit 2 IV: Section A-Text respective a. individual 分别的，各自的respectful a. showing respect toward sb./sth. 恭敬的，有礼貌的，尊重人的 respectable a. considered by society to be good, proper or correct ; deserving respect 值得尊敬的，有名望的respect

9、ing prep. (fml.) concerning 关于，说到MENU NHCE-BIII-Unit 2 IV: Section A-Text respective respectful respectable respectingThey listened in _ silence.He was born in a _ family.3. You can refer to laws _ property.4. After party, we went back to our _room.respectfulrespectablerespectingrespectiveMENU NHCE-

10、BIII-Unit 2 IV: Section A-Text 3) plus:conj. besides并且，而且prep. with the addition to 加，加上MENU NHCE-BIII-Unit 2 IV: Section A-Text 3) plus:a. above zero; positive 正的n. a sign showing positive 加号，正号 an advantage 有利因素MENU NHCE-BIII-Unit 2 IV: Section A-Text 4) sufficient a.:没有足够的证据表明他缺铁.There is no suff

11、icient evidence to show that he suffers from iron deficiency.enough足够的，充分的efficient a. capable; producing a satisfactory result without wasting time or energy (指人)有能 力的；有效力的deficient a. lacking in sth.; (fml) incomplete缺乏；不 全的，不充足的MENU NHCE-BIII-Unit 2 IV: Section A-Text 5) select vt.:他从提供的书单上挑了两本并买

12、了下来。choose stb./sth., esp. as being the best or most suitable 选择，挑选He selected three books from the offered list and bought them.MENU NHCE-BIII-Unit 2 IV: Section A-Text select v. - a more carefully considered decision than choosechoose v. - a freely made decision and can refer to a decision between

13、 only two items (we usually select or pick from a number greater than two) pick v. - is less formal than selectprefer v. - like something better MENU NHCE-BIII-Unit 2 IV: Section A-Text choose select pick preferI _ walking to cycling.Who are you going to _ for the team?3. Our shops _ only the very b

14、est quality produce.4. She _ the red sweater rather than the green one.preferpickselectchoseMENU NHCE-BIII-Unit 2 IV: Section A-Text 6) derive vt.:许多人从助人为乐中得到了快乐，他便是其中之一。He is one of those people who can derive pleasure from helping others. These are defensive behavior patterns which derive from our

15、 subconscious fears.这些防范的行为模式源自于我们潜意识里的恐惧。get or obtain sth. from sth. else得到，获取have (sth.) as an origin起源于MENU NHCE-BIII-Unit 2 IV: Section A-Text interfere in sth. - take part in it without being wanted. 指别人未请而自己主动参与.interfere with sth. - prevent it from happening. 指阻碍事情发生.MENU NHCE-BIII-Unit 2 IV

16、: Section A-Text I dont want to interfere with you; proceed with your work.我不想打扰你了,你继续工作吧。Dont interfere in matters that dont concern you.不要介入那些与你无关的事。MENU NHCE-BIII-Unit 2 IV: Section A-Text 8) remedy:vt. correct or improve 补救，纠正n. a successful way of curing disease or dealing with difficulty 治疗方法，

17、解决方法MENU NHCE-BIII-Unit 2 IV: Section A-Text bounce backMENU NHCE-BIII-Unit 2 IV: Section A-Text tip (sb.) over the edgetip (sb.) over the edgeMENU NHCE-BIII-Unit 2 IV: Section A-Text The causes of iron deficiency in women. Three stages of iron deficiency and how to deal with this problem. Exercise,

18、 even moderate exercise, may lead to reduced iron in the blood of women. 1. Structure of TextPara.1-3Para. 4-6Para. 7-12。MENU NHCE-BIII-Unit 2 IV: Section A-Text Iron and the Effects of ExercisePara 1 Sports medicine experts have observed for years that endurance athletes, particularly females, freq

19、uently have iron deficiencies.1 Now a new study by a team of Purdue University researchers suggests that even moderate exercise may lead to reduced iron in the blood of women. MENU NHCE-BIII-Unit 2 IV: Section A-Text 运动医学专家经过多年的观察，发现耐力运动医学专家经过多年的观察，发现耐力运动员，特别是女性，经常会缺铁。运动员，特别是女性，经常会缺铁。 普渡普渡大学研究人员进行的一

20、项新的研究表明：大学研究人员进行的一项新的研究表明：即使是适度的锻炼，也可能会降低女性血即使是适度的锻炼，也可能会降低女性血液中的铁含量。液中的铁含量。 MENU NHCE-BIII-Unit 2 IV: Section A-Text Para 2. “We found that women who were normally inactive and then started a program of moderate exercise showed evidence of iron loss,“2 says Roseanne M. Lyle, associate professor at

21、Purdue. Her study of 62 formerly inactive women who began exercising three times a week for six months was published in the journal Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise.MENU NHCE-BIII-Unit 2 IV: Section A-Text “我们发现，那些通常不运动的女性一旦我们发现，那些通常不运动的女性一旦开始适度的锻炼，就会出现铁含量下降的开始适度的锻炼，就会出现铁含量下降的迹象，迹象，”普渡大学罗斯安妮普

22、渡大学罗斯安妮M. 莱尔副教莱尔副教授说。授说。 她对她对62名妇女进行了研究，并将研名妇女进行了研究，并将研究结果发表在究结果发表在体育运动医学与科学体育运动医学与科学杂杂志上。这些妇女原先不怎么运动，后来开志上。这些妇女原先不怎么运动，后来开始了为期始了为期6个月、每周个月、每周3次的锻炼。次的锻炼。 MENU NHCE-BIII-Unit 2 IV: Section A-Text 莱尔指出：莱尔指出：“那些增食肉类食品或服那些增食肉类食品或服用铁质补剂的女性能够恢复到健康状用铁质补剂的女性能够恢复到健康状态。态。 但突然参加锻炼却仍沿用旧食但突然参加锻炼却仍沿用旧食谱的人则显示出铁含量降

23、低。谱的人则显示出铁含量降低。” MENU NHCE-BIII-Unit 2 IV: Section A-Text Para. 4 Iron deficiency is very common among women in general, affecting one in four female teenagers and one in five women aged 18 to 45, respectively. But the ratio is even greater among active women, affecting up to 80 percent of female en

24、durance athletes. This means, Lyle says, that too many women ignore the amount of iron they take in; MENU NHCE-BIII-Unit 2 IV: Section A-Text 缺铁在女性中是很常见的，每四个十几岁缺铁在女性中是很常见的，每四个十几岁的少女中有一人缺铁，每五个的少女中有一人缺铁，每五个1818至至4545岁的女性岁的女性中有一人缺铁。中有一人缺铁。 而在积极锻炼的妇女中这一比而在积极锻炼的妇女中这一比例更高，女耐力运动员中，缺铁者比例则高达例更高，女耐力运动员中，缺铁者比例

25、则高达80%80%。 莱尔说，这意味着莱尔说，这意味着 “ “太多女性忽视了自太多女性忽视了自己摄入的铁含量己摄入的铁含量”。MENU NHCE-BIII-Unit 2 IV: Section A-Text Women of child-bearing age are at greatest risk, since their monthly bleeding is a major source of iron loss. Plus, many health-conscious women increase their risk by rejecting red meat, which con

26、tains the most easily absorbed form of iron3. And because women often restrict their diet in an effort to control weight, they may not consume enough iron-rich food, and are liable to experience a deficiency.MENU NHCE-BIII-Unit 2 IV: Section A-Text 育龄女性危险最大，因为月经是铁流育龄女性危险最大，因为月经是铁流失的重要原因之一。失的重要原因之一。

27、此外，许多保此外，许多保健意识太强的女性也很危险，因为她健意识太强的女性也很危险，因为她们拒绝食用牛肉或羊肉，而这些肉中们拒绝食用牛肉或羊肉，而这些肉中含有的铁最易被吸收。含有的铁最易被吸收。 而且，由于而且，由于女性常常为了控制体重而节食，从而女性常常为了控制体重而节食，从而未能摄取足够的含铁丰富的食物，结未能摄取足够的含铁丰富的食物，结果可能导致缺铁。果可能导致缺铁。 MENU NHCE-BIII-Unit 2 IV: Section A-Text Para. 5 “The average woman takes in only two thirds of the recommended

28、daily allowance for iron, notes another expert. “For a woman who already has a poor iron status, any additional iron loss from exercise may be enough to tip her over the edge into a more serious deficiency,“4 notes the expert. MENU NHCE-BIII-Unit 2 IV: Section A-Text 另一名专家指出，另一名专家指出，“普通女性每天摄入的普通女性每天

29、摄入的铁只是应摄入量的三分之二。铁只是应摄入量的三分之二。” ” 他指出，他指出，“对于那些已经缺铁的女性，任何因锻炼对于那些已经缺铁的女性，任何因锻炼而产生的更多铁质流失都足以导致体内缺而产生的更多铁质流失都足以导致体内缺铁状况的恶化。铁状况的恶化。” MENU NHCE-BIII-Unit 2 IV: Section A-Text Para 6. Exercise can result in iron loss through a variety of mechanisms. Some iron is lost in sweat, and, for unknown reasons, int

30、ense endurance exercise is sometimes associated with bleeding of the digestive system. Athletes in high-impact sports such as running may also lose iron through a phenomenon where small blood vessels in thefeet leak blood. MENU NHCE-BIII-Unit 2 IV: Section A-Text 运动可能通过多种机制导致铁流运动可能通过多种机制导致铁流失。有些铁随汗液

31、流失。另外，由于失。有些铁随汗液流失。另外，由于某些未知的原因，高强度的耐力运动某些未知的原因，高强度的耐力运动有时会引起消化系统内出血。有时会引起消化系统内出血。 运动运动员从事跑步之类高强度剧烈运动，也员从事跑步之类高强度剧烈运动，也可能会因为足部血管失血的现象而使可能会因为足部血管失血的现象而使铁质流失。铁质流失。 MENU NHCE-BIII-Unit 2 IV: Section A-Text Para. 7 There are three stages of iron deficiency. The first and most common is having low iron r

32、eserves, a condition that typically has no symptoms. Fatigue and poor performance may begin to appear in the second stage of deficiency, when not enough iron is present to form the molecules of blood protein that transport oxygen to the working muscles. In the third and final stage, people often fee

33、l weak, tired, and out of breath and exercise performance is severely compromised. MENU NHCE-BIII-Unit 2 IV: Section A-Text 缺铁分为三个阶段：缺铁分为三个阶段： 第一也即最常见的阶段，是铁质储量不足。第一也即最常见的阶段，是铁质储量不足。这一阶段一般没有症状。这一阶段一般没有症状。 到了缺铁的第二阶段，就会出现疲倦和力到了缺铁的第二阶段，就会出现疲倦和力不从心，此时体内已没有足够的铁来形成不从心，此时体内已没有足够的铁来形成血蛋白分子，将氧输至运动肌肉。血蛋白分子，将氧输

34、至运动肌肉。 在第三即最后阶段，人常常感到虚弱、疲在第三即最后阶段，人常常感到虚弱、疲乏无力、喘不过气，运动成绩大打折扣乏无力、喘不过气，运动成绩大打折扣 MENU NHCE-BIII-Unit 2 IV: Section A-Text paragraph 8: “人们认为，只要不到第三阶段就不会有什人们认为，只要不到第三阶段就不会有什么问题。这种想法是不对的。么问题。这种想法是不对的。” ” 帮助设计帮助设计普渡大学研究的约翰普渡大学研究的约翰L. L. 比尔德说。比尔德说。 “只有当你的铁储量为零时，你才会进入第只有当你的铁储量为零时，你才会进入第三阶段。而你若坐等到这个时候，你的麻烦三阶

35、段。而你若坐等到这个时候，你的麻烦就大了。就大了。” ” MENU NHCE-BIII-Unit 2 IV: Section A-Text 尽管米尔教堂与周围建筑相比大小相似，但尽管米尔教堂与周围建筑相比大小相似，但她却是一座舒适的二层石质建筑。她却是一座舒适的二层石质建筑。如果你体重保持稳定，那么你一定消耗了所如果你体重保持稳定，那么你一定消耗了所有的卡路里；如果你体重增加，那么未消耗有的卡路里；如果你体重增加，那么未消耗的卡路里就被储存下来变成了脂肪。的卡路里就被储存下来变成了脂肪。我认为安排蒂姆做这个工作是不明智的，因我认为安排蒂姆做这个工作是不明智的，因为他没有经验。为他没有经验。饭菜

36、必须在原有基础上加以改善，以便使他饭菜必须在原有基础上加以改善，以便使他们能对身体产生有益的影响。们能对身体产生有益的影响。他的脸很红，很明显他在发烧。他的脸很红，很明显他在发烧。MENU NHCE-BIII-Unit 2 IV: Section A-Text 6. 6. 对于有孩子的家庭，他们的休假时间往往受到对于有孩子的家庭，他们的休假时间往往受到限制限制7. 7. 她们估计老龄人口每年会增加她们估计老龄人口每年会增加1%1%的健康服务费。的健康服务费。8. 8. 对于受到污染的河流，补救措施掌握在国家政对于受到污染的河流，补救措施掌握在国家政府的手中。府的手中。9. 9. 领导阶层的更换

37、，会对政府的政策造成巨大的领导阶层的更换，会对政府的政策造成巨大的影响。影响。10. 10. 如果有足够的时间，在其他条件保持不变情况如果有足够的时间，在其他条件保持不变情况下，物价和工资最终会得到调控，充分就业可能就下，物价和工资最终会得到调控，充分就业可能就会实现。会实现。MENU NHCE-BIII-Unit 2 IV: Section A-Text Para. 9 a : However, most people with low iron reservesdont know they have a deficiency, because traditional methods of

38、calculating the amount of iron in blood (by checking levels of the blood protein that transports oxygen) are not sufficient, Beard states. Instead, its important to check levels of a different compound, which indicates the amount of storage of iron in the blood. MENU NHCE-BIII-Unit 2 IV: Section A-T

39、ext 9a: 然而，比尔德指出，大多数铁质储量低的然而，比尔德指出，大多数铁质储量低的人并未意识到自己缺铁，因为传统的检测人并未意识到自己缺铁，因为传统的检测血液中铁含量的方法血液中铁含量的方法检验血液中输送检验血液中输送氧气的血蛋白的含量氧气的血蛋白的含量是不够的。是不够的。 其实，有必要检查血液中另一种混合成分其实，有必要检查血液中另一种混合成分的含量，它可以显示血液中的铁含量。的含量，它可以显示血液中的铁含量。 MENU NHCE-BIII-Unit 2 IV: Section A-Text 9b:While active, child-bearing age women are mo

40、st likely to have low iron stores, he notes, Men are not safe, especially if they dont eat meat and have a high level of physical activity. (An estimated 15 percent of male long distance runners have low iron stores.) Beard and other experts say its advisable for people in these groups to have a yea

41、rly blood test to check blood iron reserves. MENU NHCE-BIII-Unit 2 IV: Section A-Text 9b: 9b:他还指出，虽然积极锻炼的育龄妇女最有可他还指出，虽然积极锻炼的育龄妇女最有可能铁含量低，能铁含量低，“但男性也并非不缺铁，尤其但男性也并非不缺铁，尤其是在他们不吃肉类而又从事高强度的体力活是在他们不吃肉类而又从事高强度的体力活动的情况下。动的情况下。” ” （估计有（估计有15%15%的男性长跑运动员铁含量低。）的男性长跑运动员铁含量低。）比尔德和其他专家都说，对这些人而言，最比尔德和其他专家都说，对这些人而言

42、，最好每年验一次血，以测定血液中的铁含量。好每年验一次血，以测定血液中的铁含量。 MENU NHCE-BIII-Unit 2 IV: Section A-Text Para. 10 a If iron levels are low, talk with a physician to see if the deficiency should be corrected by modifying your diet or by taking supplements. In general, its better to undo the problem by adding more iron-rich

43、 foods to the diet, because iron supplements can have serious shortcomings. Supplements may produce a feeling of wanting to throw up, and may be poisonous in some cases. MENU NHCE-BIII-Unit 2 IV: Section A-Text 10a: 如果铁含量低，就要去看医生，以确定是如果铁含量低，就要去看医生，以确定是否该通过调整饮食或服用铁质补剂来校正不足。否该通过调整饮食或服用铁质补剂来校正不足。 一般说来，

44、解决问题的最好方法是在食谱中增一般说来，解决问题的最好方法是在食谱中增加含铁丰富的食物，因为铁质补剂可能存在严加含铁丰富的食物，因为铁质补剂可能存在严重缺陷。重缺陷。“服用铁质补剂可能使人想呕吐，有服用铁质补剂可能使人想呕吐，有时甚至还会引起中毒。时甚至还会引起中毒。 MENU NHCE-BIII-Unit 2 IV: Section A-Text 10b:The best sources of iron, and the only sources of the form of iron most readily absorbed by the body, are meat, chicken,

45、 and fish. Good sources of other forms of iron include dates, beans, and some leafy green vegetables.最好的铁来源，以及唯一最易为身体所吸收的铁最好的铁来源，以及唯一最易为身体所吸收的铁来源，是肉、鸡和鱼。来源，是肉、鸡和鱼。 其他较好的铁质来源包其他较好的铁质来源包括枣、豆类和一些多叶绿色蔬菜。括枣、豆类和一些多叶绿色蔬菜。” MENU NHCE-BIII-Unit 2 IV: Section A-Text Para. 11a “Select breads and cereals with t

46、he words iron-added on the label,” writes sports diet expert Nancy Clark. “This added iron supplements the small amount that naturally occurs in grains. Eat these foods with plentiful Vitamin C (for example, drink orange juice with cereal or put a tomato on a sandwich) to enhance the amount of iron

47、absorbed.” Clark also recommends cooking in iron pans, as food can derive iron from the pan during the cooking process. MENU NHCE-BIII-Unit 2 IV: Section A-Text 11b: “ “选择那些标有选择那些标有加铁加铁字样的面包和字样的面包和麦片，麦片，”运动营养专家南希运动营养专家南希克拉克写道，克拉克写道， “ “这些增加的铁质补充了谷物中自然含这些增加的铁质补充了谷物中自然含铁量的不足。将这些食物与含有大量维生素铁量的不足。将这些食物与含

48、有大量维生素C C的食物一起食用的食物一起食用比如吃麦片时喝橘子比如吃麦片时喝橘子汁，或在三明治内夹上番茄汁，或在三明治内夹上番茄可以促进铁可以促进铁质吸收。质吸收。” ” 克拉克还建议用铁锅烹食，因为烹调过程中克拉克还建议用铁锅烹食，因为烹调过程中食物能从铁锅中吸收铁质。食物能从铁锅中吸收铁质。 MENU NHCE-BIII-Unit 2 IV: Section A-Text 11b: “The iron content of tomato sauce cooked in an iron pot for three hours showed a striking increase, the

49、level going up nearly 30 times,”6 she writes. And people who are likely to have low iron should avoid drinking coffee or tea with meals, she says, since substances in these drinks can interfere with iron being absorbed into the body. MENU NHCE-BIII-Unit 2 IV: Section A-Text 她写道，她写道，“在铁锅内烹煮了在铁锅内烹煮了3

50、3个小个小时的番茄汁，其铁含量大大提高，增时的番茄汁，其铁含量大大提高，增加到原来的加到原来的3030倍左右。倍左右。” ” 她说，铁含她说，铁含量可能低的人，吃饭时应避免喝咖啡量可能低的人，吃饭时应避免喝咖啡或饮茶，因为这些饮料中所含的物质或饮茶，因为这些饮料中所含的物质会妨碍身体对铁质的吸收。会妨碍身体对铁质的吸收。 MENU NHCE-BIII-Unit 2 IV: Section A-Text paragraph12:“运动女性应特别注意选择饮食。运动女性应特别注意选择饮食。”普渡大普渡大学的莱尔总结说：学的莱尔总结说： “如果你在铁含量流失之前就注意到了警告如果你在铁含量流失之前就注

51、意到了警告信号，你就可以在它真正成为问题之前弥补信号，你就可以在它真正成为问题之前弥补铁质的不足铁质的不足MENU NHCE-BIII-Unit 2 IV: Section A-Text For years experts in sports medicine have observed that athletes such as long-distance runners, especially women athletes, often show a lack of iron.We found that women who were not in the habit of doing ph

52、ysical exercises but then suddenly began a program of moderate exercise showed signs of iron loss.MENU NHCE-BIII-Unit 2 IV: Section A-Text 3. In addition, many women who care much about their health would have a greater risk of losing iron because they refuse to eat red meat (such as beef and mutton) that has the most easily absorbed form of iron.4. If a woman who already has less iron than necessary starts a program of exercise that causes loss of iron, then her iron status will change greatly and she will be put in a more serious status of iron def