新视野大学英语第三册B3U3Section A

1、UNIT THREESection B Cultural Differences in Western and Japanese Decision-MakingSection A Where Principles Come FirstSection A Where Principles Come FirstWhat can you learn from these pictures?Children in China: study comes first; no real housework Children in America: housework covered every period

2、; self- dependence; responsibilityDifference in Education PrincipleWolf father and Tiger motherWhat is the purpose of education? Education must enable a man to become more efficient, to achieve with increasing facility the legitimate goals of his life. Education must also train one for quick, resolu

3、te and effective thinking. To think incisively and to think for ones self is very difficult. -Martin Luther King, JRWhere Principles Come FirstTo connect the dots by drawing four straight, continuous lines that pass through each of the nine dots, and never lifting the pencil from the paper.publicity

4、cultivatesuspendstrainconventionaladmissionworthwhileoptimistic3. Key Words 1) publicity:n. public notice or attention 公众的注意，名声seek/avoid publicity 追求/避免公众注意When the news media and the public show a lot of interest in something, you can say that it is receiving publicity.当新闻媒体和公众对某事物表现出很大兴趣时，你就可以说这事

5、引起了公众关注。publicity: providing information in order to attract public attention; advertising 广告，宣传The corporation has launched a massive publicity campaign to promote its products.公司对产品进行了大规模的广告宣传。1. public adj. 公众的 The campaign was designed to increase public awareness of the problem. 这个运动的目的在于提高公众对这

6、一问题的认识。2. publicize v.宣传 an advertising campaign to publicize the new train service 为新投入运营的铁路路线而开展的宣传活动 2) cultivate:Cultivating a positive attitude towards yourself can reap tremendous benefits.对自己有一种正确的心态能收益颇多。He has written eight books and has cultivated the image of a popular writer. 他写了8本小说，由此树

7、立了通俗小说家的形象。v. develop and improve 培养，陶冶 cultivate:She has cultivated a small garden of her own.她自己也种了一小块菜地。v. prepare and use (land, etc) for growing crops 耕种，耕作3) suspend:The union suspended strike action this week.工会本周停止了罢工行动。The young man has given a suspended sentence. 这个年轻人被叛缓刑。v. stop or cause

8、 to be not active 暂停，中止 suspend:A lamp was suspended from the ceiling.天花板上吊着一盏灯。v. hang sth. up 悬挂 suspend sb. from sth.: prevent sb. officially from holding his usual position, carrying out his duties, etc. for a time 勒令某人暂时停职、停止履行职责等 She was suspended from school for stealing. 她因偷窃行为遭勒令停学处分。Suspen

9、se (U.) 悬念，悬疑，焦虑 tales of suspenses4) strain:She is under a lot of strain at work.她承受着很大的工作压力。Mums illness has put a strain on the whole family. 妈妈的病使全家人担忧。n. severe demand on ones mental or physical strength, abilities, etc. （对精力、体力、能 力的）苛求，压力 strain:Money problem has strained their relationship.钱的

10、问题使他们关系紧张。She strained her ankle.她扭了脚。 v. put a lot of pressure on sht. 使紧张 v. hurt or weaken a part of the body by stretching too much or trying too hard 扭伤，损伤 5) conventionalI quite like him but hes so conventional.我很喜欢他，只是他非常守旧。conventional attitude传统的态度v. based on some agreement about how people

11、 should act or behave in certain situations 常规的，惯例的，传统的 6) admission:All those who were not wearing a tie were refused admission to the club.凡不戴领带的人都不允许进入俱乐部。n. entering or being allowed to enter 允许进入，准许加入 admit: v. 承认 (admit doing sth.)7). worthwhile adj. worth doing; worth the money or effort spen

12、t 值得（做）的It s worthwhile taking the trouble to explain a job fully to new employees.The prices are a little high, but the quality of the food makes the cost worthwhile. 8) optimisticDespite difficulties, some jewelry makers are optimistic about the prospects of Chinas jewelry industry and believe it

13、will not be long until the emergence of the equivalent of top Western jewelry brands in China.adj. believing that good things will hap乐观的 optimism: n. 乐观，乐观主义 optimist: n. 乐观者，乐观主义者Pessimistic： adj. 悲观的，悲观主义的Pessimism: n. 悲观，悲观情绪，悲观主义Pessimist: n. 悲观主义者，悲观论者1. Global ReadingWhich paragraph contains

14、the following information in the text:?One example of how the Hyde School principles were rejected by one public school.B. A brief introduction of one of the Hyde School principles, which is to teach the kids a complete set of principles that can influence all students. C. An explanation of how the

15、Hyde School principles prove to be beneficial to the teachers. D. Difficulties which occur in carrying out the requirements for parents participation in the program. E. A description about the courses provided by the Hyde School.F . The fact that once the parents realize the importance of their part

16、icipation, the Hyde Schools program should work well in public schools. Para. 3Para. 2Para. 17Para. 15Para. 13Para. 16 Since the Hyde principles are somewhat different from those of other schools, they are rejected by some schools, but appreciated by others. Detailed principles and approaches in the

17、 Hyde School. This part is about how beneficial or good the program is to both the teachers and the students. An introduction to the principles on which the Hyde School operate.2. Structure of TextPara.1-2Para. 3-11Para. 12-16Para.17-20Reference Words: truth, courage, integrity, leadership, curiosit

18、y, concern; academic achievement3. Questions to Comprehension1) What principles does the Hyde School operate on? (para.1)Reference Words:Reference Words:with troubled youngstersWhat is the Hyde School famous for? (para.1)Reference Words:Reference Words:protested, strain Why was the first Hyde public

19、 program suspended within months? (para.3)Reference Words:Reference Words: performing arts and sports, community service, a grade for academic achievement and for “best efforts”4) How is the Hyde curriculum different from conventional schools that provide preparation for college? (para.13)Reference

20、Words:Reference Words:to accept and demonstrate5) What must parents do for their children to gain admission? (para.14)Reference Words:Reference Words:to realize their own weakness6) What is the biggest obstacle for many parents? (para.14)Reference Words:Reference Words:conducted by students7) How ar

21、e faculty evaluations done in the Hyde School? (para.17)S1) The Hyde School operates on the principle that if you teach students the merit of such values as truth, courage, integrity, leadership, curiosity and concern, then academic achievement naturally follows . (L1)4. Detailed studyis run on 海德中学

22、的办学宗旨是：如果你向学生传授诸如诚实、勇敢、海德中学的办学宗旨是：如果你向学生传授诸如诚实、勇敢、正直、领导能力、好奇心和关心他人等美德的话，学生的学正直、领导能力、好奇心和关心他人等美德的话，学生的学习成绩自然就会提高。习成绩自然就会提高。S2). Now, Joe Gauld is trying to spread his controversial Character First idea to public, inner-city schools willing to use the tax dollars spent on the traditional program for t

23、he new approach. (L11)现在，乔.高尔德（约瑟夫.高尔德）正试图将他尚有争议的“品德第一”的理念向市中心贫民区的公立学校推广。这些学校愿意将用于传统教学计划的税金用于实施这一新的方法。Now Joe Gauld is trying to spread his idea that character comes first -an idea that has caused much public discussion and disagreement - to inner-city public schools which used to spend the tax doll

24、ars on a traditional program but now are willing to spend the money on the new program.pet name for Joseph inner-city: the usually older, central part of a city, especially when characterized by crowded neighborhoods in which low-income, often minority groups predominate. inner-city schools: usually

25、 believed to have a comparatively inferior education system. 旧城区学校（常被认为教育质量低劣）S3). To avoid the controversy of other character programsused in US schools, Gauld says the concept of doing your best has nothing to do with forcing the students to accepta particular set of morals or religious values. (L

26、41)为了避免美国中学使用的其他品格培养方案所引发的争议，高尔德解释说，“全力以赴”这一概念并不是要强迫学生接受某一套道德原则或宗教观念。In order to prevent arguments that other character programs used in US schools have aroused, Gauld says the idea of doing your best doesnt mean forcing the students to accept a certain set of standards of good behavior or religious

27、 beliefs.S4). The Hyde curriculum is similar to conventional schools that provide preparation for college, complete with English , history, math and science. (L45)海德中学的课程与那些为升入大学做准备的传统学校所开设的课程相似，包括英语、历史、数学和自然科学。The subjects that the Hyde School offers are almost the same as those in conventional sch

28、ools that get students academically ready for college, with all necessary subjects such as English, history, math and plete with ：including S5) Commitment among parents is a key ingredient in the Hyde mixture. (L51)Parents devotion is an important element in the Hyde program.Here “mixture” refers to

29、 the Hyde program for the fact that the program involves not only students and teachers but also parents. S6). The parents agree in writing to meet monthly in one of20 regional groups, go to a yearly three-day regional retreat,and spend at least three times a year in workshops, discussiongroups and

30、seminars at Bath. (L53)家长签约同意每月出席一次区小组会议（共20个区小组），每年去区修养所三天，每年至少参加三次巴思市的研修班、讨论组和研讨组。The parents present their agreement in written form, promising that they will attend meetings every month in one of the 20 groups in the region where they live, spend three days every year in a local retreat, and par

31、ticipate three times a year in discussions and seminars at Bath with other people.S7). The process for public school parents is still being workedout, with a lot more difficulty because it is difficult to convince parents that it is worthwhile for them to participate (L60)公立学校学生家长的活动计划仍在制定之中。这项工作的困难

32、要大得多，因为很难使家长相信他们的参与很有价值。Public schools are trying to develop ways for students parents to participate in school activities, but find it much more difficult because its difficult to make the parents believe that participation will be good for them and their children.Sth. be still worked out, with a l

33、ot difficulty of doing sth.Once famous for its scenic beauty, the Winter Palace now lay in ruins and no amount of imagination could restore its past landscape. 仿写：圆明园曾经以风景优美而著称，仿写：圆明园曾经以风景优美而著称， 现在却是一片废墟，无论想象力现在却是一片废墟，无论想象力 多么丰富都不能再现其昔日的景色。多么丰富都不能再现其昔日的景色。 scenic beauty / lie in ruins / restore its

34、past landscape认为某人或某物是使做好准备传播愿意做某事被安排，定于在有异议的情况下对负责任包括，备有竭尽全力4. Useful Expressions see sb./sth. asprepare sb. for spread to be willing to do be scheduled to do over protesttake responsibility forcomplete withdo ones utmost解决难题，找到的方法集中于有点，有几分4. Useful Expressions work outfocus onkind of 1) see sb./st

35、h. as ：consider sb. or sth. to be 相同表达：consider sb./sth. as 2) prepare sb. for ：make sb. ready for sth.3) spread to ：cause sth. to become widely known4) be willing to do sth. ：have no objection to doing sth.反义表达：be unwilling to do sth. 5) be scheduled to do sth. ：be arranged to do 6) over protest ：i

36、n spite of ones protest 7) take responsibility for：be arranged to do 相同表达：be responsible for 9) work out ： find an answer to invent, develop, or produce by thinking 10) kind of ：slightly; to some extent 1.SummaryHyde high school _ Joseph Gauld says its impossible to _ conventional education. He beli

37、eves we should_success by personal _. To avoid controversythey dont teach _ or _. The curriculum _ students _ colleges. At the Hyde high school at Bath 97% of the _ attend four-year colleges. Gauld believes that parents must be _ to the schools ideas. For the students to be _ must agree to accept th

38、e schools philosophies and _. C. founderB. reformD. measureD. growthB. moralityC. religionB. preparesB. forA. graduatesB. committedD. admittedC. outlook The parents must meet every _ and amongst other things attend _ at Bath. Parents of Maine students have an _ of 95% in many sessions but in the pub

39、lic school of New Haven _ 30% of parents come to meetings. This is despite the fact that they, at the _, agreed to _ meetings. One school teacher at Bath is _ that once parents commit to the program they will be _ role models for their student.B. monthA. seminarsD. attendanceB. onlyB. outsetA. go to

40、D. optimisticD. daily读写教程读写教程 III: 2. Translation1. 我们学校的我们学校的办学宗旨办学宗旨是：是：道德观道德观和和学习成绩学习成绩同样重要。同样重要。Our school operates on the principle that moral values and academic achievements are equally important.2. 新教学大纲新教学大纲上学期被上学期被中止中止了，因为系里的老师抗议了，因为系里的老师抗议大纲的要大纲的要求以及高强度的工作所带来的压力求以及高强度的工作所带来的压力。The new tea

41、ching program was suspended last term because the teachers in the department protested its demands and the strain associated with more intense work.We see ourselves as preparing our students for a way of life by cultivating a comprehensive set of principles that can affect all of them.The basis of the Character First idea is that every human being has a unique potential that is based on character,