week5增译实例补充(考研的同学可以看看)

1、Amplification增译u语法增词l不及物动词不及物动词l时态增词：时态增词：动词动词介词介词l多枝共干多枝共干l增加概括词增加概括词/ 范畴词范畴词u逻辑增词l增加背景知识增加背景知识l增加具体精确性增加具体精确性l增加注解增加注解u修辞增词修辞增词l借代词格借代词格l一语双续一语双续u语境增词l加强行文连贯加强行文连贯增加程度副词增加程度副词增加修饰语增加修饰语l补足原文的语气：补足原文的语气： 增加语气词增加语气词翻译观摩翻译观摩lTo the east and the south a faint pink is spreading.l东南方呈现一抹抹浅红，正在向远处扩展。lIt

2、was also a limited engagement.l这也是一桩桩有时间限制的婚约。l量词的增译量词的增译 符合中文的表达习惯符合中文的表达习惯l名词复数的增译lHe had a habit of telling me jokes whenever he saw me.l他有个习惯，每次见到我都要跟我讲些讲些笑话。lCorrespondents went flying off to Baghdad for interview last month.l上个月，记者纷纷纷纷飞到巴格达进行采访。lThe very earth trembled as with the tramps of ho

3、rses and murmur of angry men.l大地震动，仿佛万马奔腾万马奔腾，千夫怒吼千夫怒吼。lThe essence retains its identity while appearances may vary. (identity=sameness)l万万变不离其宗l名词复数的增译名词复数的增译 更具体，更有文采更具体，更有文采lWash before meal.l饭前饭前洗洗手手。lMary washed for a living after her husband died of acute pneumonia.l玛丽在丈夫患急性肺炎去世之后，就靠玛丽在丈夫患急性肺炎

4、去世之后，就靠洗洗衣服衣服维持生活。维持生活。lDay after day he came to his work - sweeping, scrubbing and cleaning.l他每天来干活他每天来干活扫扫地地，擦，擦地板地板，收拾，收拾房间房间。lThey ate and drank, for they were exhausted.l他们吃了他们吃了点东西点东西，喝了，喝了点酒点酒，因为他们疲惫不堪了。，因为他们疲惫不堪了。l最终父亲从烟雾中抬起头，父亲坚定地说，最终父亲从烟雾中抬起头，父亲坚定地说，拔拔。 （毕飞宇（毕飞宇 祖宗祖宗）lFinally, Father lifte

5、d his head in the smoke and said firmly, “Pull them.” (Tr. John Balcom)l语法增词语法增词: 不及物动词增译名词不及物动词增译名词-意思表达更完整意思表达更完整uFor example, he followed closely the development of the discoveries made in the field of electricity and recently those of Marcel Deprez. (Frederick Engels: “Speech at the Grave-side o

6、f Karl Marx”)l马列著作编译局的译文: 例如，他曾经曾经密切地注意电学方而的各种各种发展情况，不久以前，他还注意了马赛尔得普勒的发现。l时态增词时态增词:动词表示时态动词表示时态时态增词时态增词:动词表示时态动词表示时态uI noticed that you used “walked” in the park instead of “Walk” just now, but it cannot be true.l我注意到刚才说你已经在公园里散散过过步步而不是还没有，但那是不可能的。uInstead, we are embarrassed and shrug off the words

7、 we are really so glad to hear.l相反，听到我们实际上非常乐意听的话，我们往往往往会不知所措，或往往往往耸耸肩膀不屑一顾。时态增词:动词表示时态动词表示时态uHe was the late presidents alter ego and he is a close and influential friend of the president to be in office.l他过去过去是是已故总统的密友/知己，而现在现在是即将就职的总统亲密而有影响力的朋友。uHuman beings, were, are and always will be trying t

8、o improve their living conditions. 无论无论是过去、现在是过去、现在还是还是未来未来，人类总是在尽力改善生活条件。uA true friend is someone who accepts your past, supports your present and encourages your future.lA true friend will accept the one who you were, support the one who you are and inspire the one who you will be.真正的朋友会接受你的过去，力真

9、正的朋友会接受你的过去，力挺你的现在，鼓舞你的未来。挺你的现在，鼓舞你的未来。时态增词:介词表达时态1)The technical cooperation and cultural exchanges between the two countries are daily on the increase.l 两国间的技术合作和文化交流两国间的技术合作和文化交流正在日益增加正在日益增加。l2) The enemy is on the run and our army is in pursuit.l敌人敌人正在逃跑正在逃跑，我军，我军正在追击正在追击。l3) The two countries w

10、ere then at war with each other.l当时当时两国两国正在正在交战交战.（单数）（单数）l4) Several new therapeutic applications of light are under development.l有几种关于光的医疗新用途有几种关于光的医疗新用途正在研发过程中正在研发过程中。逻辑增词： 多枝共干uHe was studying Greek sculpture of the primitive and classical periods.l他正在研究他正在研究原始原始时期和时期和古典古典时期时期的希腊雕塑。的希腊雕塑。uAfter

11、his return to U.S., he held museum and teaching posts in New York City.l他回到美国后在纽约市的他回到美国后在纽约市的博物馆博物馆任职任职，后又，后又担任担任教教学学工作。工作。The Korean and Suez Wars 朝鲜朝鲜战争战争和苏伊士和苏伊士战战争争Korea and Suez are at wars 战火在朝鲜和苏伊士战火在朝鲜和苏伊士燃烧燃烧 （复数）（复数）不能译为：朝鲜和苏伊士在交战不能译为：朝鲜和苏伊士在交战uYoung Charles made little progress in Greek

12、or Latin composition. 年轻的查尔斯的年轻的查尔斯的希腊文作文希腊文作文和和拉丁文作文拉丁文作文进步不进步不大。大。 He received several baskets full of cards, letters and telegrams of congratulation on his birthday. 他收到了他收到了好几篮祝贺他生日的好几篮祝贺他生日的明信片、信件和电明信片、信件和电报。报。 他收到了好几篮生日他收到了好几篮生日贺贺卡、卡、贺贺信和信和贺贺电。电。u 多枝共干翻译要点：多枝共干翻译要点： 1. 词序词序 2. 重复加译重复加译补充： 多枝共干

13、翻译练习l1.As professor of American and comparative ethnology at the university of Goteberg, Sweden from 1924 to 1932, he had a marked influence on anthropology in Sweden and Denmark.（人种学，民族学） l2.All plant and animal tissues are largely composed of carbon compounds, water, and a small mineral content.l3

14、.They saw no need to give rules for nominalization or the construction of causative sentences which pupils constantly used.l1.1924到到1932年，年， 他任瑞典的歌德堡大学美洲他任瑞典的歌德堡大学美洲人人种学种学和比较和比较人种学人种学的教授，对瑞典和丹麦的人类的教授，对瑞典和丹麦的人类学研究产生重大的影响学研究产生重大的影响。（ Ethnology is the branch of anthropology that deals with the division

15、 of humankind into races and with their origins and distribution and distinctive characteristics Anthropology is the scientific study of people, society, and culture.）l2.所有植物组织组织和动物组织组织（或：“所有动植物组动植物组织织”）主要由碳水化合物、水和少量的矿物质组成。l3.他们认为没有必要总结学生经常使用的学生经常使用的名词化规规则则和役使句构造的规则规则语法增词: 概括词概括词 范畴词范畴词The advantage

16、s of the hall are bright, spacious, fashionable and without echo.这大厅有这大厅有四大四大优点：明亮、宽敞、样式新颖、没有回声。优点：明亮、宽敞、样式新颖、没有回声。lThe thesis summed up the achievements made in electronic computers, artificial satellites and rockets.l这篇论文总结了电子计算机、人造卫星和火箭这篇论文总结了电子计算机、人造卫星和火箭等三方等三方面面的成就。的成就。lChina, the United States

17、, England and France are members of the UN Security Council.l中、美、英、法中、美、英、法四国四国是联合国安理会成员国。是联合国安理会成员国。语法增词: 概括词概括词 范畴词范畴词lYou and I should not do such a thing.l你我你我二人二人不该干这种事。不该干这种事。lThis country is militarily, politically and economically strong.l这个国家在军事、政治、经济这个国家在军事、政治、经济等各方面等各方面都很强大。都很强大。lThey tal

18、ked about inflation, unemployment, financial investment and environmental protection.l他们谈到了通货膨胀、失业、金融投资以及环境保护他们谈到了通货膨胀、失业、金融投资以及环境保护等问等问题题。His diligence, earnestness, carefulness and brilliance make him praised by all.l他勤勉、踏实、细心、才华过人，他勤勉、踏实、细心、才华过人，凡此种种凡此种种都使他受到众都使他受到众人的夸奖。人的夸奖。语法增词: 概括词概括词 范畴词范畴词u盗

19、窃案件现又有增加的趋势趋势。lNow stealing is on the increase again.u在计划工作中的所犯的严重错误。lA serious mistake in the work of planning.u促进和平统一大业lPromoting the cause of peaceful reunificationu经济环境下的改革lReforms in the sphere of the economy逻辑增词：逻辑增词：增加背景知识增加背景知识lThis great scientist was born in New England.l这位伟大的科学家出生在美国东北部的美

20、国东北部的新英格兰。lAs an anthropologist he examined Indian cultures of the Americas。l作为人类学家，他对南北美洲南北美洲的印第安人的文化做了比较lNixon learned that China would welcome a presidential visit.l尼克松了解到，中国将欢迎尼克松了解到，中国将欢迎美国美国总统总统来华来华访问。访问。lHygeia herself would have fallen sick under such a regimen; and how much more this poor o

21、ld nervous woman?l按照这样的养生之道.别说可怜的心惊胆战的老太太.就连健康女神哈奇亚健康女神哈奇亚也会害病。逻辑增词：增加具体精确性lSpeed and reliability are the chief advantages of the electronic computer.l译文: 速度快快、可靠性高高是电子计算机的主要优点。lThis shows that the resistance of an electric conductor is inversely proportional to its cross-section area.l这表明，导体电阻的大小电阻

22、的大小与导体横切面的大小横切面的大小成反比。l发展发展才是硬道理。lEconomic growth is most important.lAccording to scientists ; Basically ; Ideally;l根据科学家们的看法根据科学家们的看法 就其基本内容而言就其基本内容而言 最理想最理想的情况是的情况是逻辑增词：增加具体精确性lYou must come back before nine. Period!l你必须在九点以前回来。你必须在九点以前回来。没什么可商量的余没什么可商量的余地地。lperiod: adv. 到此为止；不再说了到此为止；不再说了 Some pe

23、ople say period after stating a fact or opinion when they want to emphasize that they are definite about something and do not want to discuss it further. e.g. I dont want to do it, period. l我不想做，这事就到此为止吧。我不想做，这事就到此为止吧。逻辑增词：逻辑增词：增加注解增加注解lThe meals can be had at the restaurant, the workers canteen and

24、 the school dinning-room.l一日三餐一日三餐可以在饭馆、工厂食堂或学校饭厅里吃lThere are books and books.l书有种种，好坏不一好坏不一。lEveryone knows that Johns only a fair-weather friend.l人人皆知约翰是只能同安乐不能共患难的朋友只能同安乐不能共患难的朋友。lI enjoy finding ways of getting myself and my students out of the ivory tower and into the real world.l我喜欢想方设法使我自己和我的

25、学生从远离社会从远离社会与实际的与实际的象牙塔里走出来，步入现实世界。修辞增词：借代 MetonymylNo phrase was borrowed: it was pure Roosevelt. (The Glory and the Dream)l这里没有一句话因袭别人，纯粹是罗斯福的口吻罗斯福的口吻。lHe reads Shakespeare.l他阅读莎士比亚的作品莎士比亚的作品。lRubinstein was renowned for his rendition of Tchaikovsky.l鲁宾斯坦以演奏柴可夫斯基的作品柴可夫斯基的作品而著名。l The Qin Shihuangs

26、were only tyrants of Chinese history.秦始皇之流只能是中国历史上的暴君。lI believe you can find the Lu Xun in the library.我l相信你能在图书馆内找到曾迅的著作。语境增词语境增词：增加程度副词：增加程度副词 以加强行文连贯以加强行文连贯lThe crowds melted away.l人群渐渐渐渐散开了lobserving the dear as their behavior changed from more activity in summer and fall to less as winter prog

27、ressed, followed by an increase again in the spring as the snow melted.l观察鹿是如何随着冬季来临从夏秋的活动频繁状态而变得少动的， 而到冰雪逐渐逐渐融化的春季时，他们的活动又是如何增多起来的。lTime drops in decay, like a candle burnt out.l时间一点一滴地逝去，犹如蜡烛慢慢燃尽。语境增词语境增词：增加程度副词：增加程度副词 以加强行文连贯以加强行文连贯lHe, had sat long hours watching the clock，waiting for the minute

28、s to passl 他一坐就是好几个钟点好几个钟点，眼睛盯着钟，等待时间一分钟一分钟地一分钟一分钟地消逝”lAs he sat down and began talking, words poured out.l他一坐下来就讲开了，滔滔不绝地滔滔不绝地讲个没完。语境增词：lWomen screamed, and kids howled, but the men stood silent, watching, interested in the outcome.l女人尖叫，小孩欢闹，男人们静静地站着观看，对结果感兴趣。lcf. 只听到女人们在尖叫，小孩们在欢闹，男人们则静静地立在那儿袖手旁观，

29、饶有兴趣地等着看结果。l增加修饰语加强行文连贯增加修饰语加强行文连贯lThe moon seemed to sink, a crest reached and lost, and he watched it, catching the edge against the window, to try to hold it, but felt it pass.l月亮好像沉落下去，碰到了一座山顶，又隐没了。他凝视着月亮，用手触摸着映在窗上的光边，想把它攥住，但是感到月光从他手指缝里流走了。（增译能加强行文连贯）加强行文连贯）语境增词：补足原文的语气u “I hate you to be fidgeting in my presence.” exclaimed the young lady imperiously, not allowing her guest time to speak-she had failed to recover her equanimity since the little dispute with Heathcliff.l “Im sorry for it, Miss Catherine!” wasmy response, and I proceeded assiduously with my occupation.l Emily Br