高中名词性从句专题课件PPT课件

1、LOGOThe fact is that we have lost the game. 表语从句表语从句I want to know what he has told you. 宾语从句宾语从句The news that we won the game is exciting. 同位语从句同位语从句Who will win the match is still unknown. 主语从句主语从句第1页/共24页LOGO引导名词性从句的关联词引导名词性从句的关联词:从属连词从属连词(不作成分）不作成分）that, whether, if连接代词连接代词（作成分）（作成分）what, who, w

2、hom, whose, which, wh+ever连接副词连接副词（作状语）（作状语）when, where, how, why第2页/共24页LOGOSubject Clauses主语从句主语从句:1. That he will succeed is certain .2.Whether he will go there is not known .3. What he said is not true .4. Where he hid the money is to be found out .5. Whoever comes is welcome.第3页/共24页LOGO1)主语从句一

3、律用主语从句一律用陈述句语序陈述句语序,即主语在前即主语在前,谓语在后谓语在后.例例:When will he come is not known. 错错 When he will come is not known. 对对2)连接词连接词that在从句中无实际意义在从句中无实际意义,但不能省略但不能省略. 例例: He will not come to the meeting this evening is true. 错错That he will not come to the meeting this evening is true. 对对注意点注意点第4页/共24页LOGO3)whoe

4、ver, whatever, whichever等词可以引导主语从句等词可以引导主语从句, 但但no matter who, no matter what 等不能等不能. (whoever=the person who)Whoever breaks the school rules must be punished.【Whoever breaks the schools rules】,he must be punished.【No matter who breaks the school rules】, he must be punished. 让步状语从句让步状语从句1._ was said

5、 here must be kept secret.2._ we need is more time.3._ has taken away my bag is unknown.WhateverWhatWho第5页/共24页LOGO4)it作形式主语作形式主语(主从主从)：it 作形式主语作形式主语1.他犯了那样一个错误真是遗憾。他犯了那样一个错误真是遗憾。_ is a pity .2.他来不来不重要。他来不来不重要。_doesnt matter.That he made such a mistakeWhether he will come or notIt is a pity that he

6、made such a mistake.It doesnt matter whether he will come or not.第6页/共24页LOGO1.【12全国全国】It is by no means clear _ the president can do to end the strike.A. how B. which C. that D. what2.【12山东山东】It doesnt matter _ you pay by cash or credit card in this store. A. how B. whether C. what D. why 3.【11北京卷北

7、京卷】_ Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happiness.A. Which B. What C. That D. Whom挑战高考挑战高考第7页/共24页LOGOObject Clause宾语从句宾语从句:1. I wondered _ you were so angry.2. It all depends on _ _ they will support us .3. I cant imagine _made him act like that.4 . Im delighted _I have passed the exam

8、.5. I find it necessary _ we should do the homework.why whether what thatthat第8页/共24页LOGO注意点注意点: :1) 宾语从句一律用宾语从句一律用陈述句陈述句的语序的语序.2) that在宾语从句中的省略与保留在宾语从句中的省略与保留 1.有有it做形式宾语时，做形式宾语时，that 不省略不省略.例例: We must make it clear that we mean what we say. 2.宾语从句中有两个或以上宾语从句中有两个或以上that时时, 第一个第一个that可省略可省略. 例例: He

9、 told me (that) he would come and that he would come on time.第9页/共24页注意注意4：that / what的辨用的辨用1._ he wants is a book.2. _ he wants to go there is obvious.3.We should pay attention to _ the teacher is saying.4.He told us _ he felt ill.5.The result is _ we won the game.6.This is _ we want to know.7. I h

10、ave no idea _ he did that afternoon.8.The fact_ she works hard is well known to us all.WhatThatwhatwhatwhatthatthatthatRules1.that在名词性从句中不充当任何成分，只起连接作用2. what起连接作用, 在名词性从句中做主、宾、表。第10页/共24页注意5：whether与if的辨用1._ it is true remains a problem.2.It remains a problem _ it is true.3. He asked _ Mary would a

11、ttend the ceremony.4.It depends on_we have got enough money. 5.The question is _ you should accept it. 6.The question _hell attend the meeting is important.7.I didnt know _ to laugh or to cry.8.I dont know _ it is right or not.Rules1.在前置主语从句、表、同从句和跟在后面的宾语从句中，表“是否”， 只能用whether；2.在whether or not 和whet

12、her to do 中whether 不能换成ifWhetherwhether/ifwhether/ifwhether whetherwhether whetherwhether第11页/共24页LOGO 6）it 作形式宾语作形式宾语1)make/find/feel/consider/think/like/hate/ depend on/appreciate+it+adj/n+to do或或that 从句从句I think it impossible to walk through the door.2)it 指代后面从句所叙述的内容指代后面从句所叙述的内容,常用常用like/dislike

13、/love/hate/appreciate/make+ it + if 或或when从句从句I hate it when people laugh at the disabled第12页/共24页LOGO挑战高考挑战高考1)【12福建福建】We promise_ attends the party a chance to have a photo taken with the movie-star.A. who B. whom C. whoever D. whomever2)【12四川四川】Scientists study _ human brains work to make compute

14、rs. A. when B. how C. that D. whether3).【12陕西陕西】As many five courses are provided, and you are free to choose _ suits you best.A whatever B. whichever C. whenever D. wherever第13页/共24页LOGOPredicative Clause表语从句表语从句:The question is whether we can rely on him.My suggestion is that we( should) buy a big

15、 computer.He looked as if he was going to cry.第14页/共24页LOGO注意点注意点: :1.表语从句是在复合句中作表语的名词性从句表语从句是在复合句中作表语的名词性从句, 放在系动词之后放在系动词之后, 一般结构是一般结构是“主语主语+系动词系动词+表语从句表语从句”。接表语从句的系动词有接表语从句的系动词有be, look, remain, seem, prove.2.表语从句一律用表语从句一律用陈述句陈述句的语序的语序.3.表语从句表语从句只能用只能用whether,而不能用而不能用if 引导引导.第15页/共24页LOGO4.引导表语从句表

16、原因，引导表语从句表原因， 应使用应使用 The reason is that 或或 This / it /that/ is because例如例如: 今天早上他迟到的原因是因为路上行人太多今天早上他迟到的原因是因为路上行人太多. 误误: The reason why he was late this morning is because that there was a lot of traffic on the road. 正正: The reason why he was late this morning is that there was a lot of traffic on th

17、e road. 或或:He was late this morning. That was because there was a lot of traffic on the road.第16页/共24页LOGO挑战高考挑战高考1【11山东】I am afraid hes more of a talker than a doer, which is _ he never finishes anything. A. that B. when C. where D. why2【11陕西】Id like to start my own businessthats _ Id do if I had t

18、he money A. why B. when C. which D. what第17页/共24页LOGOAppositive Clause同位语从句：同位语从句：1）The fact that he was killed made us surprised.2）I have no idea when he will be back.3）We heard the news that our team had won. 4）Can you find the answer to the question what was wrong with the computer?5）He made a su

19、ggestion that we (should) read some original English literature works.第18页/共24页LOGO1. 1.同位语从句的引导词同位语从句的引导词: : that ,whether, how , when, where, why等。等。同位语从句的同位语从句的先行词先行词多为：多为：idea, fact, news, belief, thought, doubt, suggestion; proof, message, order, conclusion, desire, theory, truth, word 等等.2.2.同

20、位语从句和定语从句的同位语从句和定语从句的区别区别: : 1) 如果如果that作成分作成分, 则是则是定语从句定语从句； 如果如果that不作任何成分不作任何成分, 则是则是同位语从句同位语从句. 2) 连词连词that在同位语从句中在同位语从句中不可省略不可省略,而在定语从句中当而在定语从句中当它充当它充当宾语时可以省略宾语时可以省略。 3) 同位语从句是对前面名词的内容的同位语从句是对前面名词的内容的具体说明具体说明， 而定语从句是对前面名词而定语从句是对前面名词进行修饰，解释为进行修饰，解释为“.的的”第19页/共24页LOGO判断：定语从句,同位语从句1.The fact that

21、Great Britain is made up of 4 parts is still unknown to many people.同位语从句同位语从句2.The news that is spreading around the airport is coming.定语从句定语从句3.The suggestion that students should learn something practical is worth considering.同位语从句同位语从句4.We expressed the hope that they had expressed. 定语从句定语从句5. We expressed the hope that they would come to China again.同位语从句同位语从句第20页/共24页LOGO同位语从句的简易判断方法： 我们可以在名词和从句之间加be,使之构成一个新句子，如果合乎逻辑，句子通顺，则是同位语从句，定语从句是不能用系表结构把先行词与从句连接起来的。 eg: 3.The suggestion that students should learn something practical is worth considering. The suggestion that students should