定语从句复习ppt课件

1、定语从句定语从句(一一).定语从句种类及构成定语从句种类及构成: 1. My brother who works in the hospital is really kind 2.My brother, who works in the hospital , is really kind. 限制性定语从句限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句构造：构造： 先行词先行词 + 关系词关系词 + 从句从句定语从句的位置定语从句的位置: :1.1.紧跟在先行词的后面紧跟在先行词的后面: :I have found the book which I lost.I have found the b

2、ook which I lost.2.2.定语从句后移定语从句后移/ /分隔式定语从句分隔式定语从句He laughs best who laughs last.He laughs best who laughs last.3.as3.as引导的定语从句可前移引导的定语从句可前移As you all know, the earth is round.As you all know, the earth is round. (二二).如何运用关系词如何运用关系词: 1.关系代词关系代词 从句中从句中先行词先行词主语主语宾语宾语 定语指代人指代人指代物指代物2. 关系副词关系副词 _,_, _ w

3、ho (that) whom (that) 省省whosewhich that whichthat省省whosewhenwherewhywhose+n=the+n+of which/ of whom of whom/which the nCf:限制性、非限制性限制性、非限制性 关系副词关系副词( (作状语作状语) where when why:) where when why:1.where=1.where=介词介词+ which+ which2.when=2.when=介词介词+ which+ which3.why=for+which3.why=for+whichI still rememb

4、er the day_ I came here. when=on which This is the house _ I lived last year. =in whichwhereHe gave a reason _ people like music. why=for which 引导非限制性定语从句的衔接词，一概不能省略引导非限制性定语从句的衔接词，一概不能省略解题方法和技巧 1.首先是确定定语从句缺失什么成分。首先是确定定语从句缺失什么成分。假设是缺主语、宾语假设是缺主语、宾语,定语，那么在关定语，那么在关系代词中选择。假设是缺状语，那么在系代词中选择。假设是缺状语，那么在关系副关系

5、副 词中选择。词中选择。 2.其次是看先行词其次是看先行词 1 I refuse to accept the blame for something _was someone elses fault. A. who B. that C. where D. what 2 Ive become good friends with several of the students in my school I met in the English speech contest last year. A. who B. where C. when D. which 3 What do you think

6、 of teacher ,Bob？ I find it fun and challenging. It is a job _ you are doing something serious but interesting . A. where B. which C. when D. that 高考热点高考热点1: that 与与 which 的不同点的不同点:总结总结: 以下以下5种情况下种情况下, 要用要用 that 引导引导 定语从句定语从句, 不能用不能用 which. 1).领先行词是领先行词是 all, much, few, little, something, anything,

7、everything. nothing 等不定代等不定代词时词时; 或者先行词或者先行词 被被all, much, few,little, some, any, every, no 等词修饰时等词修饰时;2.领先行词被序数词和最高级修饰时领先行词被序数词和最高级修饰时;3.领先行词被领先行词被 the only; the very; the same; the last 等词修饰时等词修饰时;4.领先行词中既有人又有物时领先行词中既有人又有物时;5. 当主句中有当主句中有 who 或者或者 which 时时, 为了防止反复为了防止反复, 定语从句只能用定语从句只能用 that 引导引导.6 主

8、句为主句为there/here/it is 开头时开头时以下两种情况下不能用以下两种情况下不能用 that 引导引导定语从句定语从句:1.引导非限制性定语从句引导非限制性定语从句, 不能用不能用that; 2. 关系代词前有介词前置时关系代词前有介词前置时,不能用不能用that; cf: This is the classroom _ we study in. This is the classroom in _ we study.(that / which) whichIs this the watch that you are looking for?The old man whom I

9、am looking after is better . 在固定短语拆开会改动其含义的，在固定短语拆开会改动其含义的， 介词不介词不能提早能提早下面两句中的介词能提早吗下面两句中的介词能提早吗?高考热点高考热点2: 介词介词 + 关系代词关系代词 的调查的调查 解题思绪：解题思绪：1找出先行词找出先行词 2 将先行词代入将先行词代入从句看缺失什么介词从句看缺失什么介词Do you like the book which she spent $10?思绪：思绪： she paid $10 _ the bookDo you like the book _which she paid $10?思绪：

10、思绪： she spent $10 _ the bookonfor1Do you like the book _she learned a lot? 2Do you like the book _ she often talks? 3He bought a telescope he could study the skies.4. There is a tall tree outside, _stands our teacher.5The man _ I spoke on the phone last night is very good at wrestling.6. He paid the

11、 boy $10 for washing ten windows, most _ hadnt been cleaned for at least a year.from whichabout which through whichunder whichto whomof which表示部分与整体关系表示部分与整体关系/所属关系的时候，所属关系的时候，用用 of +whom/which 常见常见: 分数分数/百分数百分数/all/few/none/all/the majority/half/neither/both+ of whom/which 桌上有桌上有2本书，两本都不美观。本书，两本都不美

12、观。There are 2 books on the desk , neither of which is cheap.On her birthday, she received from On her birthday, she received from her parents a nice present _a her parents a nice present _a note was attached,_ note was attached,_ “We love We love you so muchyou so much. . A. that, saying B. to which

13、, saying A. that, saying B. to which, saying C. to which, said D. in which, saidC. to which, said D. in which, said Alec asked the policeman _he worked to contact him whenever there was an accident.With him B. who C. with whom D. whom高考热点高考热点3: _ 1.The teacher set us such a difficult problem _ none

14、of us worked out. The teacher set us such a difficult problem _ none of us worked it out.) as thatas 引导的定语从句引导的定语从句定语从句定语从句结果状语从句结果状语从句 2. It is so difficult a question _ no one can solve it. 2. It is so difficult a question _ no one can solve. A. that B. as AB定语从句定语从句结果状语从句结果状语从句 3. This is the sam

15、e bag _ I used last year. 这个包和我去年用的那一个一样这个包和我去年用的那一个一样 比较比较: This is the same bag _ I used last year. 这就是我去年用的那个包。这就是我去年用的那个包。 as that定语从句定语从句总结总结: 1. as 可以引导限制性定语从句，可以引导限制性定语从句，用于以下固定句型中用于以下固定句型中: so/such/as/the sameas. as 充任从句的主语、宾语或者表语充任从句的主语、宾语或者表语. She is as beautiful a girl as I imagine.2. as

16、还可以引导非限制性定语从句还可以引导非限制性定语从句, 代表主句的一切内容代表主句的一切内容, as 从句既从句既可以可以 放在主句前放在主句前, 也可以放在主句后也可以放在主句后. as 的含义为的含义为 “正如正如, 像像.一样一样常用句型：常用句型：As is known to all/ As you can imagine /As is reported/said/As is often the caseWhich /as 引导非限制性定语从句区别引导非限制性定语从句区别1 as 有正如好似之意有正如好似之意2 which 引导非限制性定语从句引导非限制性定语从句,即可代即可代表主句中

17、一个先行词，也可代表整个表主句中一个先行词，也可代表整个主句，主句，as只能替代整个主句只能替代整个主句 which从句只能放在主句后，从句只能放在主句后，as 可放可放前可放后前可放后As is often the case, he is absent.He saw the girl , which /as he had hoped.Which /as 引导非限制性定语从句区别引导非限制性定语从句区别4 as/which 在从句中作主语时，在从句中作主语时，as+be/系动词系动词, which+任何谓语动词任何谓语动词He married her, which/as was natural

18、.He saw the girl, which delighted him.1. The result of the game was good, _ we hadnt expected.A. when B. that C. which D. what2. _ I explained on the phone, your request will be considered at the next meeting.A. When B. After C. As D. WhichCC对比训练1. _ is announced, the meeting was put off.2. _ is ann

19、ounced that the meeting was put off. A. It B. AsBA 定语从句的主谓一致：定语从句的主谓一致： 1 He is one of the students who_praised by the teacher. 2 He is the only one of the students who_ praised by the teacher. 3 The number of people who _ present at the meeting _ decreasing.werewas高考热点高考热点4 :areis高考热点高考热点5: 一些特殊词之后

20、定语从句关联词的选一些特殊词之后定语从句关联词的选择择: A.1.(2003上海上海) I can think of many cases _ students obviously knew a lot of English words and expressions but couldnt write a good essay. 2. After graduation she reached a point in her career_ she needed to decide what to do. where wherecase/point/state/stage/situation/c

21、ondition笼统意义的表地点的词，从句笼统意义的表地点的词，从句缺失状语时选用衔接词缺失状语时选用衔接词where, 但是但是- Do you have anything to say for yourself?-Yes, there is one point _ we must insist on. (that)B. What surprised us most was not what he said _ but the way _ he said it. _ that in which 非限制性定语从句和单句的比较非限制性定语从句和单句的比较1 .He has two sons. B

22、oth of _ are teachers. 2 He has two sons, and both of _ are teachers. 3 .He has two sons, both of _ are teachers.them whomthemwhomthem whomand but or so和定语从句 二者不兼容1.Ill never forget the days_ we worked together. 2.Ill never forget the days _ we spent together. 3.I went to the farm I worked ten years ago. 4.I went to the farm _ I visited ten years ago. 5.This is the reason _ he was late. 6.This is the reason _he gave. when(which/that