名次性从句和状语从句讲解讲义

1、高三英语复习系列讲座：名词性从句南航附中张恩怀考纲解读1掌握名词性从句的基本知识和分类情况。(1)宾语从句(2)主语从句(3)表语从句(4)同位语从句2、掌握名词性从句的基本结构和各种连词的用法。(1) 连词that引导(2) 连接代词 what、who whom whose、which 以及 whatever 类引导(3) 连接畐U词 when where、why、how 以及 whenever 类引导(4) 连词 whether、if 引导3、掌握同位语从句的基本用法及与定语从句的区别。命题趋势141、纵观近5年的高考试题，名词性从句无疑是考试的一大热点，其中宾语从句题，主语从句5题，表语

2、从句5题，同位语从句 5题，主要考查其基础知识的掌握和运用。2、试题的设置既注重引导词之间的语法功能的不同，又注重语义的差异，增加了试 题的综合化程度，情景越来越生动，题干句越来越复杂。名词性从句的基本用法。1、宾语从句I am afraid (that) he will be back on Sun day.I ' II show you whatever you want to see.I don ' t know when the meeting will take place.We haven' t decided whether/if will go or n

3、ot .提醒：(1) that可以省略(2) whether可替换if,但whether or not连用时不宜用if2、主语从句That she' ll do well in her exam is certa inWhoever did the job must be rewarded.Where we' ll meet isn' t dec ided yet.Whether he' ll come is doubtful .提醒：(1) that不宜省略(2) whether不宜换为if3、表语从句The trouble is that he can &#

4、39; t get here on time .What I want to know is who will come first.That' s why I object to the plan.The problem is whether he ca n complete it.提醒：(1) that不宜省略 (2) whether不宜替换为if(正式文体)4、同位语从句There was little hope that he would survive.I have no idea where they have gone.提醒：（1）常用于 news、fact、idea、h

5、ope、promise、thought、belief、truth 等词后，强调该名词的具体内容。（2）常用that引导，that本身无意义，不宜省略。（3）间或也由 when where等其他连词引导。（4）同位语从句和定语从句的区别。the n ews that he succeeded（同）the news （ that/which ） he told me （定）名词性从句值得注意的几个问题：1、it作形式主语或宾语问题。（1） I felt it strangeher hair was turning grey.A while B 、that C 、what D、forwill go

6、with me.C、when D、whereni ght began to fall.、that ; that、that ; whatis none of your bus in ess.、Even D 、Which（2） It is not yet decided A 、 who B 、 whom2、用what还是that问题。made matters worse wasA what ; whatBC what ; thatD3、用whether还是if问题。I ' II tell him the newsA 、Whether B 、If C4、That是否省略问题。she was

7、in vited to the ball made her happy.A、If B 、That C 、不填 D、What5、名词性从句的时态问题（主要指 if、when从句）A if it rains6、C whether it rains D宾语从句与反意疑问句问题。don' t thi nk he is right,A、do I B 、don' t、if it will rain、what' s the weather like7、C 、isn ' 提醒：He doesn ' t think I am right, 名词性从句与虚拟语气问题。tD、

8、is hedoes he ?（主要是与suggest, in sistorder , dema nd, request'd like to knowtomorrow.等有关的从句）he required was that he more time.A、That; would B、That; shouldC What ; would D、What; be given（表明）（坚持认为）提醒： His look suggested that he was satisfiedHe in sisted that he had bee n there8、doubt与名词性从句的连词问题Idon&

9、#39; t doubt she' ll return to China after graduation.A、that B 、when C 、whether D 、if 提醒：I doubt if （whether ） + 从句9、reason后面从句的连词问题。The reas onhe failed was he was too careless.A because; because B 、why; thatC、that ; because D、because; that提醒：That' s why +表语从句That' s because+ 表语从句10、介词后

10、面的宾语从句问题。She would tell the story to passed by.A、who B 、whoever C 、whom D 、whomever11、连接词（when等）+ever与no matter+ 连接词问题。Do you think is right , other say.A as; what B 、that; whateverC what; whatever D 、no matter what; whatever 提醒:whatever+名从/状从no matter what+ 状从12、间隔名词性从句问题。（1）a terrible storm would

11、take place here.A Word came which B 、Word came thatC Word that came D 、Word which came（2）Those who were left alone in the cave knew better than the otherssounds bats in the dark made.A what frightenedB、how frightenedC what frighteningD、how frightening高三英语复习系列讲座：状语从句考纲解读1、掌握状语从句的基本知识和分类情况。九种：时间状语从句，地

12、点状语从句，原因状语从句目的状语从句，结果状语从句，方式状语从句 条件状语从句，让步状语从句，比较状语从句2、掌握状语从句的基本结构和各种连词的用法。3、能够在真实复杂的语句中断定主句和从句的逻辑关系从而恰当运用连词完成交际。命题趋势1、 纵观近5年高考试题，状语从句是每年高考的必考之题，其中时间状语从句11题， 条件状语从句5题，让步状语从句7题，原因状语从句4题，地点状语从句3题，目的状语 从句3题等。2、试题的设置呈现出交叉和综合的特点，四个选项中往往给出尽可能多的不同性质的连词，有时干扰项还从定语从句，名词性从句等多种从句的角度进引干扰，以考查学生细致缜密的思维能力和多层次多角度地考虑

13、问题的能力。状语从句的基本用法1、时间状语从句(常由whe n, while, as, till, before, after, si nee, as soon, as等引导)(1) when、while 和as引导状语从句When the film en ded, they made their way back.Please don ' t talk so loudly while others are talkingHe hurried home, look ing beh ind as he went.提醒：when强调一点或一段时间while 强调一段时间(常用be doin

14、g)as强调主从句动作同步进引(2) when作并列连词，相当于 and this /that time,意为"这时”He was tak ing a bath when the telepho ne rang.was going to takewas(about)to takehad just take n(3) while作并列连词，意为“而、去卩”,表示对比He likes pop music, while I am fond of folk music.(4) since引导的时间状语从句I ' ve written back twice since I came h

15、ere.It's three years since I came here.提醒：(1)主从句的时态问题(2) It is three years since I lived her 应译为：我不住在这儿已有三年。(5) before引导的时间状语从句，意为“还未就”Before I could get i n a word, he had measured me.(6) It + be + 一段时间+ before时间状语从句It will be two years before I come back.won' t be long提醒：注意主从句的时态(7) till 、

16、until引导时间状语从句You may stay here un til the rain stops. He won' t go to bed till she returns提醒：注意主从句的时态肯定和否定用法的区别(8) 名词短语弓I导时间状语从句(the moment, the minute, each time, every time, the first time 等)The mome nt I saw him, I realized that.The first time I met with trouble, he came to my help.提醒：名间短语前不宜

17、再用介词。(9 )副词引导时间状语从句(immediately, directly, i nsta ntly等)I came here immediately I got the n ews.as soon as(10) no sooner than ,hardly /scarcelywhen等句型的用法I had hardly got home whe n it began to rain.scarcelywhe nno sooner than提醒：hardly、scarcely 、no sooner 位于句首例装 注意主句和从句的时态Exercises:(1) Did you buy a

18、dress yesterday?No, I liked the color, I didn' t like its style.A 、since B 、if C 、while D 、thoughhe(2) A good story teller must be able to hold his listeners' curiosity、after D、untilreaches the end of the story.A、whe nB 、uni ess(3) It long before weA、will not be; will knowC 、will not be ; kn

19、owits result.(4) Don' t be afraid of asking for helpA、uni essB 、si nee C2、地点状语从句(常由、is ; will know、is ; knowit is n ecessary.Dwhere、 whereveralthough等引导)、whenThe thread breaks where it is weakest.Wherever there is smoke, there is a fire.提醒：地点状语从句与定语从句的区别(状)Make a mark where you have any questi o

20、ns.(定)Make a mark at the place where you have any questi ons.Exercise:You must be firmA、in which B3、原因状语从句you think yourself to be right.、where C 、what D 、no matter（1） because, as, since/now that等连词引导原因状语从句语气依从递减。He was angry because we were late（前后皆可）As it is raining we shall not go there（前后皆可）Sinc

21、e /Now that he said so, it must be true（一般前置）（2）for为并列连词，连接表示原因的并列分句，语气最弱，常是一种“补充说明或逻辑 推理”，且不位于句首The day mast have broke n, for birds are singing.Exercise:(1) you' ve got a chanee ,you might as well make full use of it.A、Now that B 、After C 、Although D 、For(2) Henry must have stayed up last nigh

22、t,he looks so sleepy.A for B 、as C 、though D 、since4、目的状语从句和结果状语从句(1) in order that引导目的状语从句He started early in order that he could catch the bus.so that(2) so that引导结果状语从句和目的状语从句区别He started early so that he caught the bus.提醒：是目的，还是结果？看动词sothat , sucht hat引导结果状语从句较多Exercise:Roses n eed special care

23、they ca n live through win ter.A because B、so that、even Das5、条件状语从句引导条件状语从句unl ess it rains tomorrow .(1) if 和 unlessI ' ll comeif it doesn ' t rain.(2) so/as long as, on condition that等 引导条件状语从句So long as you don ' t lose heart , you will succeed.(3) in case引导条件状语从句I ' ll take an um

24、brella with me in case it rains提醒：注意主从句中的时态问题。if you will do, 此处will为情态动词，意为"愿意”Exercise:(1) You may be allowed to watch TV you your homework.A、even if ; will finishB、on condition that; have finishedC in case; finishD in order that; will finish(2) CCTV is exactly like a window on the world you

25、will sit by it and fix your atte nti on on what it shows.A、if B 、as C 、while D 、unless6、方式状语从句(1) as, as if/though引导方式状语从句Please act as you are told to.She treats the boy as if he were her son.(2 )名词短语the way引导方式状语从句Fte can ' t help seeing things the way they do.提醒:as if/though从句有时用虚拟语气Exercise:They n eed at least five years to make the country lookA as it used to B、like it didC、a