M9 unit 1 language points

1、2009-09-062009-09-06 Module 9 unit 1Language points2009-09-061. (line 1) second (only) to 仅次于仅次于He is such a good player that he is_（= the best无人能比.）我认为, 作为一个作家他是最好的。next to 在在后面，跟在后面，跟在之后之后 Next to music, he loves tennis best. My horse came next to last (-last but one) in the race. second to noneI

2、think that, as a writer, he is second to none.除了音乐，他最喜欢网球。除了音乐，他最喜欢网球。倒数第二名倒数第二名2009-09-06superior to 比比好，强好，强 This employee is superior to the former in ability. 这个雇员在能力上比上个强。junior/senior to 比比年轻年轻/年长年长他比我小两岁。second 第二大城市 仅次于最好的 二手的 without a second thought a second visit the second visitHe is jun

3、ior to me by two years.second largest citysecond-bestsecond-hand毫不犹豫地毫不犹豫地又一次又一次第二次第二次2009-09-06Scenery (Para.2) hike、 sail、 cross-country、 ski travel by snowmobile、 taking photos、 huntingvast mountain rangescountless riversice-covered lands abundant wild animalsenormous open plainsFrozen wastes 200

4、9-09-06这个国家的石油供应非常充足。这个国家的石油供应非常充足。The country has abundant supplies of oil. = is abundantly supplied with =This country has an abundance of oil. =The country is abundant in oil.We have abundant time to go there. 2. (line 11) abundant adj.丰富的，充裕的-available in large quantity; rich abundance n. 丰富，富裕2

5、009-09-06be fond of3. (line 14) fond adj. 喜爱的，喜欢的scenery scene sight view ( (总称总称) )风景风景, ,景色景色, , 尤指自然风光尤指自然风光景色景色. .景象景象, ,指某一处的自然风光指某一处的自然风光, ,可可以说多个以说多个scene scene 构成一个构成一个scenery scenery 风景风景, , 名胜名胜, ,用复数形式用复数形式, ,指人文景观指人文景观景色景色, ,风景风景, ,是从人的角度一眼看到景色是从人的角度一眼看到景色4. 辨析辨析2009-09-06 The sunrise is

6、 a beautiful _. I like mountain _ very much. The _ of London have left me a deep impression. The millionaire bought a house with a fine _ over the valley. scene scenery sights view 2009-09-06The majority is(或或are) against the plan. 大多数人都反对这个计划。大多数人都反对这个计划。注：当注：当the majority 强调整体时，使用强调整体时，使用单数动词，若强调的

7、是团体中的每一个单数动词，若强调的是团体中的每一个分子，则动词用复数）分子，则动词用复数）5. (line 15) majority n. 多数, 大半the majority 大多数，过半数大多数，过半数大多数人都站在本的一边。大多数人都站在本的一边。 The majority were on Bens side. He won by a majority of two: the vote was seven to five.他以两票多数获胜他以两票多数获胜:票数是七比五。票数是七比五。2009-09-06 常用词组常用词组 in the majority 占多数占多数, 拥有多数拥有多数

8、by a bare majority 以勉强的多数票以勉强的多数票(当选或通过当选或通过) gain the majority 赢得多数票赢得多数票2009-09-06Toronto The largest city in Canada2009-09-06TorontoToronto是加拿大最大城市是加拿大最大城市, , 据说是世界上文据说是世界上文化最多元化的一个城市化最多元化的一个城市. .Toronto, the largest city in Canada, is often said to be the most multicultural city in the world. To

9、ronto is the largest city in Canada. It is said that it is the most multicultural city in the world. 运用同位语成分来运用同位语成分来使语言简洁使语言简洁把从句改成简单句把从句改成简单句,使使语言简洁语言简洁6. Line 19 2009-09-06退休后我打算在加州定居。退休后我打算在加州定居。 After I retire Im going to locate in California.The house next to the river.位于那个地区的房子肯定值很多钱。位于那个地区的房

10、子肯定值很多钱。 Houses must be worth a large amount of money standing (用现在分词)/ located（用过去分词）(位于) in that areas 7. (line 21) locate v. 使坐落于， 找到，查明，确定的位置is located2009-09-06关注类似的过去分词做表语。关注类似的过去分词做表语。We are faced with (面临面临) a serious problem.The road is lined with（排列）（排列）tall trees.He is dressed in（穿着）（穿着）

11、a new coat.He is seated in（坐在）（坐在） the armchair, silent.The man is drunk in（陶醉于）陶醉于）the achievements made.The troubled kid is lost in（沉迷于）（沉迷于） computer games.2009-09-068. (line 22) for short 简略形式 Her name is “Frances”, or “Fran” for short.Fran is short for Frances.Things couldnt be worse. In short,

12、 were bankrupt. (总之）类似的短语：for free (without payment)for certain/sure (=without doubt)I got the ticket for free from someone who didnt want it.He must live somewhere around. But I cant say for sure/certain.2009-09-069. (line 22) 分词结构分词结构Rising 533 meters into the sky, it is the tallest tower in the w

13、orld. _ _ _ 533 meters into the sky, the tower is _ _ _ in height in the world. As it rises second to运用分词结构运用分词结构,简化句子简化句子none2009-09-06A port city in QuebecMontreal The second largest city in Canada2009-09-06Montreal, a port in the province of Quebec, is the second largest city in Canada, and also

14、the second largest French-speaking city in the world, Paris being the largest. Montreal, a port in the province of Quebec, is one of _ _ _ in Canada, only _ _ Toronto. Also, it is the second largest French-speaking city in the world, _ Paris the largest/ _ Paris _ the largest. the largest cities sec

15、ond to with as is2009-09-06 独立结构要认清：独立结构要认清： 名、代之后副或形。名、代之后副或形。 或是分词或或是分词或“介短介短”，with结构不可轻，结构不可轻， 名代二词是其名代二词是其“主主”，句子结构必分明。，句子结构必分明。 独立结构好掌握独立结构好掌握 ， 句中作用只一个：句中作用只一个： 千变万化皆做千变万化皆做“状状”，其中意义也不多。，其中意义也不多。 “时间时间”“”“条件条件”和和“原因原因”，“方式方式”“”“伴随伴随”没别的。没别的。 名词名词( (代词代词)+)+现在分词、过去分词；现在分词、过去分词；名词名词( (代词代词)+)+形容

16、词；形容词；名词名词( (代词代词)+)+副词；副词；名词名词( (代词代词)+)+不定式；不定式；名词名词( (代词代词) +) +介词短语构成。介词短语构成。 structure2009-09-06 The letter having been written, he took it to the post No one being against it, we will adopt theproposal Since no one is against it, we will adopt the proposal The test finished, we began our holid

17、ay.When the test was finished, we began our holiday.When he had written the letter, he took it to the post 2009-09-06现在分词与过去分词的性质完全不同，但在现在分词与过去分词的性质完全不同，但在独立结构中，有时却有共同之处：现在分词独立结构中，有时却有共同之处：现在分词的被动式有时可以简化为过去分词。的被动式有时可以简化为过去分词。 As her skirt was caught on a nail, she could not move Her skirt being caug

18、ht on a nail, she Her skirt caught on a nail, she After his work had been finished, he went homeHis work having been finished, he His work finished, he 2009-09-061.He insisted on the windows _ open while he was sleeping. A. left B. being leftC. leaving D. be left 2.The road _ caused us to stop our w

19、ork for half an hour. A.blocked B. was blocked C. blocking D. being blocked 3. The concerned mother thrilled at the news of his son _ to college. A. had been admitted B. admitted C. having been admitted D. having admitted 2009-09-064.I couldnt do my homework with all that noise _. A. going on B. goe

20、s on C. went on D. to go on5. I sent you 100 dollars today, the rest _ in a year. A. follows B. followed C. to follow D. being followed 6. _ and no way to reduce her pain and suffering from the terrible disease, the patient sought her doctors help to end her life. A. Having given up hope of cure B.

21、With no hope for cure C. In the hope of cure 2009-09-067. It was a pity that the great writer died _ his works unfinished. A. for B. with C. from D. of 8. With a lot of difficult problems _, the newly-elected president is having a hard time. A. settled B. settling C. to settle D. being settled 9. He

22、 lay there, his eyes _ straight up.A. lookingB. to look C. lookedD. look 2009-09-06如果天气允许，我们明天去看你如果天气允许，我们明天去看你。工作完成后，我们才回家。工作完成后，我们才回家。他回到了房子里，耳朵冻坏了。他回到了房子里，耳朵冻坏了。他夹着本厚书，走出了图书馆他夹着本厚书，走出了图书馆.Weather permitting, we are going to visit you tomorrow.This done, we went home.He came into the room, his ear

23、s red with cold.He came out of the library, a large book under his arm.2009-09-0610. (ling 32) ensure vt. 保证; 担保, 保险; 保护; 使安全(against, from)This medicine will ensure you a good nights sleep.这药将保证你一晚睡眠良好。这药将保证你一晚睡眠良好。我不能担保他会及时到那儿。我不能担保他会及时到那儿。I cant ensure that he will be there on time.=I cant ensure

24、 his being on time.你要确保赶上那班飞机，就坐出租车去吧。你要确保赶上那班飞机，就坐出租车去吧。 If you want to ensure that you catch the plane,take a taxi.ensure sb. against /from danger保护某人免受危险保护某人免受危险ensure success / safety / supplies保证成功保证成功/安全安全/供应供应2009-09-06It has one of the largest Chinese populations in North AmericaVancouver200

25、9-09-0611.(line 35) superb 极好的，优秀的-very good, excellent We have superb cooks and offer superb service in our restaurant. I read a superb novel written by my favourite author.2009-09-0612. (line 37) in addition to加上, 除.外, 又;-as well as, and alsoMr. Smith has a flat in London in addition to a villa in

26、 France.He is popular with his students because he _(关心学生而且作为教师有着多年的经验。）除了作业外，他昨晚还做了练习和看了本书In addition to his homework, he also did exercise and read a book last night.cares for his students in addition to his years of experience as a teacher.2009-09-06as well as /as well/ in addition to /in additio

27、n/ alongside/besides比较比较In addition to English, he has to study a second language.=He has to study a second language alongside/ besides English. =He has to study a second language as well as English. =He has to study English and in addition, a second language. =He has to study English and a second l

28、anguage as well.2009-09-06Home to the West Edmonton MallEdmonton2009-09-06Toronto, the largest city in Canada, is often said to be the most multicultural city in the world. (P2 L19)= It is said that Toronto, the largest city in Canada, is the most The mall is said to be the largest pedestrian mall i

29、n the world. (P3 L39) = It is said that the mall is the largest pedestrian mall 13. (line 39) be said to be 据说是2009-09-06句型转换：句型转换： be said to be 据说是据说是 . Its said that all the passengers are from the same village.= All the passengers are said to be from the same village. It was said that his novel

30、had been translated into several foreign languages.= His novel was said to have been translated into several 类似句型：类似句型：It is reported that 2009-09-06据报道据报道120人在这起空难中丧生。人在这起空难中丧生。It was said that 120 people had been killed in the air crash.链接高考：据说他在国外学习过，但我不知链接高考：据说他在国外学习过，但我不知道他在哪个国家学习的。（用主语从句及简道他在哪

31、个国家学习的。（用主语从句及简单句）单句）It is said that he has studied abroad, but I dont know which country he studied in. = He is said to have studied abroad2009-09-0614. (line 40) cover的含义China is the third largest country in the world, covering an area of 9.6 million square kilometers. I want to cover 100 miles by

32、 dark. I want our best reporters sent to cover the event. The doctors talk covered the history of medicine from Roman times to the present day. -（占）（占）（走过）（走过）（报道）（报道）（涉及）（涉及）2009-09-0615. (line 41) consist v. 一致, 由.组成, 包括A university consists of teachers, administrators and students. 由.组成(of)大学由教师,

33、行政人员和学生组成。The information consists with his account. （与.）一致 (with) 消息与他的叙述相符合.世界由七大洲四大洋组成。 The world is made up of seven continents and four oceans.=The world consists of seven =The world is composed of seven 2009-09-06Niagara Falls2009-09-0616. (line 43) 请研究下列句型，并完成句子：1). Located in the heart of To

34、ronto is the Canadian National Tower, 2). Smaller in size, but equally famous, is the city of Vancouver in the province of British Columbia on the Pacific coast.3). Nearer to the Atlantic coast is Niagara Falls. 2009-09-06作表语的现在分词(过去分词、形容词) 放在句首，须完全倒装倒装。1)一座古寺矗立在山顶。一座古寺矗立在山顶。Standing at the top of t

35、he hill is an old temple.2).一位新来的坐在我椅子上，让我很吃惊一位新来的坐在我椅子上，让我很吃惊 Seated /Sitting in my chair was a new comer, which surprised me greatly.3).一只将要死的羊躺在地上。一只将要死的羊躺在地上。 Lying on the ground was a dying goat.4). 很多乘客在定票处外面等着。很多乘客在定票处外面等着。Waiting outside of the booking office are masses of passengers.2009-09

36、-065). 妇女被瞧不起的日子一去不复返了。Gone are the days when the women were looked down upon. 6). 一个大眼睛的羞涩的女孩坐在房间后面。一个大眼睛的羞涩的女孩坐在房间后面。Sitting at the back of the room was a shy girl with two big eyes. 7).出席会议的是刘先生，他教我们英语。出席会议的是刘先生，他教我们英语。 Present at the meeting was Mr. Liu, who taught us English. 8).昨天迟到的那些人的名字写在了黑

37、板上。昨天迟到的那些人的名字写在了黑板上。 Written on the blackboard are the names of those who were late yesterday.2009-09-0617. (line 44) shape n. vt. There was a red mark on his back, in the shape of the letter S. The car was so damaged that it was out of shape. The building takes the shape of a bird nest. 成成形状形状After a further discussion, our plans of a new library are beginning to take shape. 成形成形The