高中英语直接引语和间接引语课件综述

1、直接引语和间接引语直接引语和间接引语一、概念一、概念 引述别人的话时，一般采用两种方式：一是引用别人引述别人的话时，一般采用两种方式：一是引用别人的原话，把它放在引号内，称为直接引语；二是用自己的的原话，把它放在引号内，称为直接引语；二是用自己的话加以转述，被转述的话不放在引号内，称为间接引语。话加以转述，被转述的话不放在引号内，称为间接引语。间接引语在大多数情况下是一个间接引语在大多数情况下是一个宾语从语宾语从语。直接引语变成。直接引语变成间接引语时，要注意以下几点：间接引语时，要注意以下几点：人称变化、时态变化人称变化、时态变化、宾、宾语从句要用语从句要用陈述语序陈述语序。例如：。例如：直

2、接引语：直接引语：He said，“I want to have a drink now.”间接引语：间接引语：He said that he wanted to have a drink then.二、变身方法二、变身方法1. 人称变化：人称变化：口诀：口诀：一主二宾三不变。即直接引语的第一人称取决于主一主二宾三不变。即直接引语的第一人称取决于主句的主语句的主语,第二人称取决于主句的宾语第二人称取决于主句的宾语,第三人称一般不变。第三人称一般不变。1）He said, “I get on well with people here.”He said that he got on well w

3、ith people there.2）Susan said, “We can finish the work tomorrow.”Susan said that they could finish the work the next day.3）John said, “Mary went to Beijing three days ago.”John said that Mary had gone to Beijing three days before.2.时态变化：时态变化：口诀：口诀：主句现在从不变，主句过去从顺延。即如果主句中主句现在从不变，主句过去从顺延。即如果主句中的谓语动词是现在

4、时的谓语动词是现在时,宾语从句中谓语动词的时态可以不变宾语从句中谓语动词的时态可以不变;如果主句的谓语动词是一般过去时如果主句的谓语动词是一般过去时,则从句谓语动词的时态则从句谓语动词的时态要变为相应的过去时态或过去完成时要变为相应的过去时态或过去完成时 1)He said, “ I get up early every morning.”He said that he got up early every morning. (一般现在时一般现在时一般过去时一般过去时)2) She said, “I am working on a homework project.”She said she

5、was working on a homework project. (现在进行时现在进行时过去进行时过去进行时)3) She said, “ I met my friend in the street.”She said that she had met her friend in the street. (一般过去时一般过去时过去完成时过去完成时)注意：注意：在下面几种情况下在下面几种情况下,从句中谓语动词的时态可以保持不从句中谓语动词的时态可以保持不变变:1) 直接引语叙述的是直接引语叙述的是科学真理科学真理 客观事实客观事实 格言格言等等 例如例如:“The moon moves ar

6、ound the earth,” the teacher said to the students. The teacher told the students that the moon moves around the earth. 2) 直接引语中有明确的不受语境限制的过去时间状语直接引语中有明确的不受语境限制的过去时间状语 例如例如:“John went to Paris by air in 1985,” Jack said. Jack said John went to Paris by air in 1985.3. 状语和指示代词的变化：状语和指示代词的变化：牢记：牢记：this/

7、thesethat /those, nowthen, todaythat day, yesterdaythe day before, last yearthe year before, agobefore, herethere等。等。例如：例如：He said, “I havent seen her today.”He said that he hadnt seen her that day.4.直接引语是直接引语是一般一般(选择选择/反意反意)疑问句疑问句，变成间接引语时，变成间接引语时，由连词由连词whether或或if 引导。例如：引导。例如：He asked me, “Do you l

8、ike playing football?”He asked me if/whether I liked playing football.5.直接引语是特殊疑问句，变成间接引语时，由直接引语是特殊疑问句，变成间接引语时，由相应相应的疑的疑问词问词who, whom, whose, how, when, why, where 等引导。等引导。例如：例如：My sister asked me, “How do you like the film?”My sister asked me how I liked the film.6.直接引语是直接引语是祈使句祈使句，变成间接引语时，把动词原形变成，

9、变成间接引语时，把动词原形变成动词不定式动词不定式，并在动词不定式前加，并在动词不定式前加tell, ask, order 等的宾语。等的宾语。例如：例如：The captain ordered, “Be quiet.”The captain ordered us to be quiet.注意：注意：下列情况的否定句中，在动词不定式前加下列情况的否定句中，在动词不定式前加not。My teacher asked me, “Dont laugh.”My teacher asked me not to laugh.(2013湖南高考湖南高考)“What do you want to be?” as

10、ked Mrs. Crawford. “Oh, I president,” said the boy, with a smile.A. have beenB. amC. wasD. will be【解析解析】选选D。考查时态。句中这个男孩笑着说。考查时态。句中这个男孩笑着说“噢噢,我将会成我将会成为总统为总统”。本题涉及直接引语中的时态用法。结合句意可知用。本题涉及直接引语中的时态用法。结合句意可知用一般将来时，且在直接引语中时态保持不变。一般将来时，且在直接引语中时态保持不变。 【高考链接高考链接】【课堂训练课堂训练】1. “I never eat meat.” he said. He sa

11、id that _ never _ meat.2. “Ive found my wallet.” he said to me. He _ me that he _ _ _ wallet.3. “I took it home with me.” she said. She said that _ _ _ it home with her.4. The teacher said, “The sun rises in the east and goes down in the west.”The teacher said that the sun _ in the east and _ down i

12、n the west.5. “I met her yesterday.” he said to me.He _ me that he _ met her _ _ _.heatetoldhad found hisshe had takenrisesgoestoldhadthe day before6. “You must come here before five.” he said.He said that I _ to go _ before five.7. “I bought the house 10 years ago.” he said.He said that he _ bought the house 10 years _.8. “Did you see her last week?” he said.He _ _ I had seen her _ _ _.9. He said, “Y