江苏牛津模块四unit3+grammar+and+usage

1、Unit 3 Tomorrows world江苏睢宁高级中学 高一备课组The man _ (call) “Good husband”.is calledThe pet dog _ (treat) by veterinary. is being treatedA frog _ (catch) by a big bird just now.was caughtAn argument _ already _ (put forward). has been put forwardPoint out the verb, the subject and the object in the followi

2、ng sentences:We kept food in the fridge.We must close the windows and the door.S V.O.SV.O Food was kept (by us) in the fridge.The windows and the door must be closed.How can we change a sentence into passive voice ?1. Find out the object of the sentence and use it as the subject of the sentence with

3、 the passive voice.2. Decide the tense of the sentence and use the related form of its passive.3. If necessary, use “by” to join the former subject, which should be put into its object form.When do we use the passive voice?Many houses will be built here.不知道或没必要指出动作的执行者。不知道或没必要指出动作的执行者。The song “The

4、East is Red” was written by a poor peasant.强调动作的承受者。强调动作的承受者。The plan was supported by those who wished to have more chances to speak English.动作的执行者有较长的修饰语。动作的执行者有较长的修饰语。You are requested to attend the meeting.出于礼貌出于礼貌, 不愿意说出动作的执行者。不愿意说出动作的执行者。Change the following sentences into the passive voice:1.

5、 All of us like her.2. We are discussing the question.3. We have put off the meeting.4. I will develop my picture next week.She is liked by all of us.The question is being discussed.The meeting has been put off.My picture will be developed next week.be+ done am/is/are 一般现在时一般现在时 am/is/are+being现在进行时

6、现在进行时shall/will+be一般将来时一般将来时have/has+been现在完成时现在完成时be+ done was/were 一般过去时一般过去时 was/were+being过去进行时过去进行时would+be过去将来时过去将来时had+been过去完成时过去完成时Please read Point 3 on Page 48.Fill in the blanks with the right form of the words given:1. I _ (give) a new book by my father on my birthday.2. English _ (find

7、) very useful.3. The work _ (finish) tomorrow.4. The flowers _ (water) by them now.was given is foundwill be finished are being watered5. The railway _ (build) this time last year.6. The new way _ already _ (build).7. The new railway _ (build) by the end of last year.8. He told me the sports meeting

8、 _ (hold) the next month.9. Rice _ (grow) in the south of the States.was being builthas been builthad been builtwould be held is grownChange the following sentences into passive voice and ask questions about the underlined parts:1. We will build many new sports venues for the Beijing Olympics.Many n

9、ew sports venues will be built for the Beijing Olympics.What will be built for the Beijing Olympics?2. I was watching the final match on TV yesterday evening.3. John carried the Canadian flag at the opening of the Olympics.The final match was being watched yesterday evening.Where was the final match

10、 being watched yesterday?The Canadian flag was carried by John at the opening of the Olympics. Who (Whom) was the Canadian flag carried by at the Olympics?4. We have made the flags by hand.5. I will take care of your dog while you are away.The flags have been made by hand.How have the flags been mad

11、e?Your dog will be taken care of while you are away.What will be taken care of while you are away?We can use modal verbs in the passive voice to talk about ability, possibility, duty, permission, etc.Firefighters could be trained using RealCine.Computers can calculate the position of the viewer at a

12、ny time.The position of the viewer can be calculated at any time.Practice1. The viewer can touch the objects in the film.2. The viewer may feel a real sense of achievement and happiness.3. RealCine might not impress some viewers.The objects in the film can be touched.A real sense of achievement and

13、happiness may be felt.Some viewers might not be impressed by RealCine.4. Teachers could use RealCine in the classroom too.5. Film-makers should use RealCine for all films.6. Scientists ought to develop RealCine further.7. The viewer must wear special gloves.RealCine could be used in the classroom to

14、o.RealCine should be used for all films.RealCine ought to be developed further.Special gloves must be worn.被动语态的各种句型被动语态的各种句型1. 单宾语结构。单宾语结构。Our English teacher often uses a tape-recorder in teaching English.A tape-recorder is often used (by our English teacher) in teaching English.The villagers gave

15、 the foreign guests a warm welcome.The foreign guests were given a warm welcome by the villagers.A warm welcome was given to the foreign guests by the villagers.We offered people in the flooded areas some food and clothes.2. 双宾语结构。双宾语结构。People in the flooded areas were offered some food and clothes.

16、Some food and clothes were offered to the people in the flooded areas.3. 复合宾语结构。复合宾语结构。They heard someone singing in the next room.objectObject complementSomeone was heard singing in the next room.在主动语态中，有些使役动词和感官动词在主动语态中，有些使役动词和感官动词后接不带后接不带to的不定式作宾语补足语。的不定式作宾语补足语。 但但在被动语态中，要改为带在被动语态中，要改为带to的不定式作主的不

17、定式作主语补足语。如语补足语。如: see/hear/make sb. do sth.Sb. be seen/heard/made to do sth.They saw the boy fall from the tree.The boy was seen to fall from the tree.4. 短语动词结构。相当于及物动词的短短语动词结构。相当于及物动词的短语动词也可以有被动语态。语动词也可以有被动语态。 如如: look after, give up, take care of, pay attention to, make use of, put off, wake up, p

18、ut out 等。等。The children are taken good care of.The big fire has been put out.孩子们得到了很好的照顾。孩子们得到了很好的照顾。大火已经扑灭了。大火已经扑灭了。特别注意特别注意1. 只有及物动词和及物动词短语才可以有只有及物动词和及物动词短语才可以有被动语态。被动语态。 不及物动词，不及物动词短语不及物动词，不及物动词短语或系动词没有被动语态。或系动词没有被动语态。 如如: happen, go on, take place, belong to, sound, feel等。等。Correct mistakes:This

19、 room is belonged to me.This music is sounded sweet. belongs tosounds2. 有些动词常用主动形式表示被动的有些动词常用主动形式表示被动的意思，如意思，如: open, write, read, sell, wash, measure 等等。Your article reads well.This type of car sells well in China.This hall measures 100 metres long and 60 metres wide.It is said that It is reported

20、that It is hoped that It is well known that It is believed that It must be pointed out that 3. 在一些固定句型中常用被动语态。在一些固定句型中常用被动语态。 如：如：It is reported that another man-made satellite will be sent into the moon next month.Another man-made satellite is reported to be sent into the moon next month. 据报道据报道,下个

21、月又一颗人造卫星将会被发下个月又一颗人造卫星将会被发送到月球上。送到月球上。The three missing sailors are believed to have drowned.It is believed that the three missing sailors have drowned.人们认为这三个失踪的海员已经淹死了。人们认为这三个失踪的海员已经淹死了。 It is said that Li Ping will study abroad.Li Ping is said to study abroad. It is said that Li Ping is studying

22、abroad.Li Ping is said to be studying abroad.Li Ping is said to have studied abroad. Li Ping is said to have been studying abroad. It is said that Li Ping studied abroad. It is said that Li Ping has been studying abroad.被动语态与系表结构被动语态与系表结构被动语态表示动作，句子主语是该动作的承被动语态表示动作，句子主语是该动作的承受者，过去分词表示动作；而系表结构表示受者，过去

23、分词表示动作；而系表结构表示状态，说明主语的特点或所处的状态。状态，说明主语的特点或所处的状态。The long novel was written by Mr. Lu Xun in the 1920s.The long novel is well written, isnt it ?The glass was broken by his little son yesterday.Look, the glass is broken! Who broke it ?被动语态被动语态被动语态被动语态系表结构系表结构系表结构系表结构Feedback:Choose the best answers:1.

24、 Is Bob still performing ? Im afraid not. He is said _ the stage already as he has become an official.A. to have left B. to leaveC. to have been left D. to be left 2. Dont you think it necessary that he _ to Miami but to New York? I agree, but the problem is _ he has refused to.A. will not be sent;

25、that B. not be sent; thatC. should not be sent; what D. should not send; what3. Millions of pounds worth of damage _ by a storm which swept across the north of England last night.A. has been caused B. had been causedC. will be caused D. will have been caused4. Much attention should _ the rapid incre

26、ase in the number of cars on the roads, which may _ traffic jams and more accidents.A. pay to;result in B. be paid;result fromC. be paid to;result in D. be paid;result from5. She is very shy and she is not used to _ in front of others.A. praise B. praisingC. being praised D. be praised6. What did th

27、e students think of the speech made by the lecturer yesterday? To tell you the truth, the students were all _ with the _ speech.A. boring; boring B. boring; boredC. bored; bored D. bored; boring7. My sister _ a good chance to go abroad for further education.A. offered B. was offeringC. has offered D

28、. was offered8. A book _ more than once if you want to understand it better.A. must be readed B. must be read C. must to be read D. must read9. Every possible means _ to prevent the air pollution, but sky is still not clear.A. is used B. are usedC. have used D. has been used10. George and Lucy got m

29、arried last week. Did you go to their wedding ? No. I _. Did they have a big wedding?A. was not invited B. have not been invitedC. hadnt been invited D. didnt invite1. The flowers were so lovely that they _ in no time. （2007 全国卷全国卷I） A. sold B. had been sold C. were sold D. would sell2. With the hel

30、p of high technology, more and more new substances _ in the past years. （2007 上海卷）上海卷） A. discovered B. have discovered C. had been discovered D. have been discovered3. I got caught in the rain and my suit_.（2007 北京卷）北京卷） A. has ruined B. had ruined C. has been ruined D. had been ruined4. As the years passed, many occasions birthdays, awards, graduations_ with Dads flowers.（2007 湖南卷）湖南卷） A. are marked B. were marked C. have marked D. had marked 5. At the end of the meeting, it was announced that an agreement _.